a rock or stone
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
CEPHAS.See Peter.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
Ce'phas. See Peter.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
Κηφας, from כיפא , a rock. The Greek Πετρος, and the Latin Petrus, have the same signification. See PETER.
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.
sē?fas. See PETER, SIMON.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Ce?phas, a surname which Christ bestowed upon Simon (Joh_1:42), and which corresponds with Peter, both words meaning a 'rock,' which is the signification of the original [PETER].
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
Joh_1:42 (a) This name means a "rock" or a "stone." The bit of stone that is chipped off from the great rock is of the same texture and chemical composition as the one from which it comes. Peter belonged to CHRIST and therefore was recognized by GOD as a part of CHRIST. The name "Peter" has the same meaning.
Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types
press 1957.
Cephas
(Gal_2:11) was sometimes distinguished from Peter by early Christian writers, and said to be one of the seventy disciples by Clement of Alexandria (Hypoypposes, ) as recorded by Eusebius (H. E. 1, 12). In the list of the seventy ascribed to Dorotheus, lie is specified as bishop of Cannia. In the menology of Basil he is commemorated on Dec. 9, but nothing is said of him in the Synaxarion there given. The Armenian calendar commemorates Apollos and Cephas as disciples of Paul, Sept. 25. Dr. Lightfoot ( Galatians, p. 128.) refers to the constitutions of the Egyptian Church as representing him as one of the twelve distinct from Peter.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.