Emmaus

VIEW:41 DATA:01-04-2020
people despised or obscure
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary


EMMAUS.—1. A village sixty furlongs from Jerusalem, where the risen Christ made Himself known to two disciples (Luk_24:13). There is no clue to the position of this place, and it has been sought in Kubeibeh, N.W. of the city; in Kuloniyeh, W. of it; in Khamasah to the S.W.; and in ‘Urtas to the S. The traditional site is Emmaus Nicopolis (‘Amwas), W. of Jerusalem, which, however, is much too far—20 miles—from the city.
2. Emmaus Nicopolis, now ‘Amwas, on the main Jerusalem-Jaffa road, the scene of the defeat of Gorgias by Judas (1Ma_3:40; 1Ma_3:57; 1Ma_4:3-27), held and fortified by Bacchides (1Ma_9:50).
R. A. S. Macalister.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909


The village (60 stadia or furlongs, i.e. seven and a half miles, from Jerusalem) to which two disciples were walking on the day of Jesus' resurrection when He joined them unrecognized. The Greek Church place it at Kuriet el Enab (Abu Ghosh). The old name now reappears in Ainwas. But Conder (Palestine Exploration Quarterly Statement, October, 1876, p. 173) identifies it with Khamasa (a form of the Hebrew Hammath), a ruin close to the modern village wady Fukin, about eight miles from Jerusalem, near the Roman road from Jerusalem, passing Solomon's pools, to Beit Jibrin.
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.


Em'ma-us or Emma'us. (warm baths). The village to which the two disciples were going when our Lord appeared to them on the way, on the day of his resurrection. Luk_24:13. Luke makes its distance from Jerusalem, sixty stadia, (Authorized Version, "threescore furlongs"), or about 7 1/2 miles; and Josephus mentions, "a village called Emmaus," at the same distance. The site of Emmaus remains yet to be identified.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863


a village about eight miles northwest of Jerusalem; on the road to which two of the disciples were travelling in sorrow and disappointment after the resurrection, when our Lord appeared to them, and held that memorable conversation with them which is recorded by St. Luke , 24.
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.


ē̇-mā?us, em?ā̇-us (Ἐμμαούς, Emmaoús, derivation uncertain, but probably from חמּת, ḥammath, ?a hot spring?): Josephus (BJ, IV, i, 3) says: ?Now Emmaus, if it be interpreted, may be rendered 'a warm bath' for therein is a spring of warm water useful for healing.? Here he is referring to the hot springs near Tiberias. Possibly the same Greek name may not always have been derived from the same Hebrew, and as Cheyne suggests (2) may have come from ha-mōcāh (see below).
1. Emmaus of the Apocrypha
A place where Judas Maccabeus defeated Gorgias (1 Macc 4); it was ?in the plain? (1 Macc 3:40); it was subsequently fortified by Bacchides (1 Macc 9:50). It is frequently mentioned by Josephus (Ant., XIV, xi, 2; BJ, I, xi, 2; II, v, 1; xx, 4; IV, viii, 1; V, i, 6), and also in the Talmud and Midrash. It is now the modern mud-village of ‛Amwas, 20 miles along, and a little North of, the main road from Jerusalem to Jaffa. In the 3rd century it was called Nicopolis and was an episcopal see; in early Christian times it was famous for a spring of reputed healing qualities.
2. Emmaus of Luke
The Emmaus of Luk_24:13, a village 60 furlongs (stadia) from Jerusalem. Early Christian tradition appears to have identified it with (1) and hence, to harmonize the distance, some manuscripts have 160 furlongs. Eusebius and Jerome place this Emmaus at ‛Aṃwas; but in the first place (1) was a city and not a village (kṓmē), and secondly (2) The distance, 40 miles there and back, is an almost impossible one for the narrative. In Crusading times this difficulty appears to have been realized, and on what grounds is not known, Kubeibeh at just over 60 stadia, Northwest of Jerusalem, was selected as the site of Emmaus. There a fine church was built which has in recent years been rebuilt and today a Franciscan hospice and school, attached to the church, and a newer German Roman Catholic hospice, combine with the considerable picturesqueness of the place itself to fortify the tradition.
A much more probable site is Ḳuloniyeh, a village about 35 stadia from Jerusalem, on the road to Jaffa. Josephus narrates (BJ, VII, vi, 6) that Vespasian ?assigned a place for 800 men only whom he had dismissed from his army which he gave them for their habitation; it is called Emmaus and is distant from Jerusalem 60 furlongs.? This is almost certainly the Emmaus of Luke; it is highly probable that the name ḳuloniyeh is derived from the fact of its being this Colonia. Close to this place is a ruin known as Bēt Mizza, which is probably the Mozah (המּצה, ha-mōcāh) of Jos_18:26 which in the Talmud (Ṣukk. Jos_4:5) is also described as a colonia. Today it is a ?colony? of Jews who have revived and always use the old name Mōcāh for their settlement.
Other suggestions for this Emmaus are (a) el Khamsa, considerably over 60 stadia Southwest of Jerusalem (Conder); (b) Koriet el ‛enab, some 10 stadia farther along the Jerus-Jaffa road than Ḳuloniyeh (LB, etc.); and (c) ‛Artas, S. of Bethlehem, where remains of Roman baths have been found (Mrs. Finn). In not one of the places suggested are there any hot springs.

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.


Emma?us (hot baths), a village 60 stadia, or 7? miles, from Jerusalem, noted for our Lord's interview with two disciples on the day of his resurrection (Luk_24:13). The same place is mentioned by Josephus (De Bell. Jud. vii. 6. 6), and placed at the same distance from Jerusalem, in stating that Vespasian left 800 soldiers in Judea, to whom he gave the village of Emmaus. The site is not now known. The other Emmaus, also called Nicopolis, is identified with Luisun, about midway between Jerusalem and Ramleh. There was another Emmaus, near Tiberias, on the lake of the same name, where the hot baths which gave name to it are still frequented, and have a temperature of 130? Fahrenheit. Neither of these places is named in Scripture.
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.


Emmaus
of Luk_24:13. The Sinaitic MS. here reads, one hundred and sixty furlongs, which has been eagerly seized upon as confirming the identification with Nicopolis; but Tischendorf in his last edition of the MS. does not adopt the reading, and the distance as stated by Josephus (War, 7:6, 6) confirms the number sixty. Lieut. Conder is inclined to fix the site of this Emmaus at Khurbet el-Khamasa, eight miles from Jerusalem towards Beit-Jibrin, containing ruins of an ancient church (Memoirs to the Ordnance Survey, 3:36).
A full description of the interesting remains at Amwas (the Emmaus of 1Ma_3:40) is given in the Memoirs accompanying the Ordnance Survey (iii, 63 sq.). Emmerich, Anna Katharina, a German visionary, was born at Flansk (duchy of Munster), September 8, 1774. In 1802 she joined the Augustinians of Dulmen. She had visions when quite young, and in 1798 declared that she had seen Jesus Christ placing on her forehead a crown of thorns. On the suppression of her convent she retired to, a private house, where she became subject to new visions, during which she claimed to have received the stigmata of the crucifixion, and a crossmark on her chest. The facts were investigated in 1813 by a physician and an ecclesiastical commission, who seem to have been convinced of their reality, and recorded them, in 1814, in a journal of Salzburg. She died February 9, 1824. See Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Generale, s.v.

CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.





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