Hind
VIEW:34 DATA:01-04-2020
HIND.See Hart.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
(See HART.)
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
Hind. The female of the common stag or Cervus elaphus. It is frequently noticed in the poetical parts of Scripture as emblematic of...
activity, Gen_49:21; Psa_18:33,
gentleness, Pro_5:19,
feminine modesty, Son_2:7; Son_3:5,
earnest longing, Psa_42:1, and
maternal affection. Jer_14:5.
Its shyness and remoteness from the haunts of men are also alluded to, Job_39:1, and
its timidity, causing it to cast its young at the sound of thunder. Psa_29:9.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
אילה , Gen_49:21; 2Sa_22:34; Job_39:1; Psa_18:33; Psa_29:9; Pro_5:19; Son_2:7; Son_3:5; Jer_14:5; Hab_3:19; the male or female of the stag. It is a lovely creature, and of an elegant shape. It is noted for its swiftness and the sureness of its step as it jumps among the rocks. David and Habakkuk both allude to this character of the hind. The Lord maketh my feet like hinds' feet, and causeth me to stand on the high places, Psa_18:33; Hab_3:19. The circumstance of their standing on the high places or mountains is applied to these animals by Xenophon. Our translators make Jacob, prophesying of the tribe of Naphtali, say, Naphtali is a hind let loose: he giveth goodly words. Gen_49:21. There is a difficulty and incoherence here which the learned Bochart removes by altering a little the punctuation of the original; and it then reads, Naphtali is a spreading tree, shooting forth beautiful branches. This, indeed, renders the simile uniform; but another critic has remarked that the allusion to a tree seems to be purposely reserved by the venerable patriarch for his son Joseph, who is compared to the boughs of a tree; and the repetition of the idea in reference to Naphtali is every way unlikely. Beside, he adds, the word rendered let loose,' imports an active motion, not like that of the branches of a tree, which, however freely they wave, are yet attached to the parent stock; but an emission, a dismission, or sending forth to a distance: in the present case, a roaming, roaming at liberty. The verb he giveth' may denote shooting forth. It is used of production, as of the earth, which shoots forth, yields, its increase, Lev_26:4. The word rendered goodly' signifies noble, grand, majestic; and the noun translated words' radically signifies divergences, what is spread forth. For these reasons he proposes to read the passage, Naphtali is a deer roaming at liberty; he shooteth forth spreading branches, or majestic antlers. Here the distinction of imagery is preserved, and the fecundity of the tribe and the fertility of their lot intimated. In our version of Psa_29:9, we read, The voice of the Lord maketh the hinds to calve, and discovereth the forests. Mr. Merrick, in an ingenious note on the place, attempts to justify the rendering; but Bishop Lowth, in his Lectures on the Sacred Poetry of the Hebrews, observes that this agrees very little with the rest of the imagery, either in nature or dignity; and that he does not feel himself persuaded, even by the reasonings of the learned Bochart on this subject: whereas the oak, struck with lightning, admirably agrees with the context. The Syriac seems, for אילות , hinds, to have read אלות , oaks, or rather, perhaps, terebinths. The passage may be thus versified:
Hark! his voice in thunder breaks, And the lofty mountain quakes; Mighty trees the tempests tear,
And lay the spreading forests bare!
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.
hı̄nd. See DEER.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Hind (Gen_49:21; 2Sa_22:34; Job_39:1; Psa_18:33, etc.), the female of the hart or stag, doe being the female of the fallow-deer, and roe being sometimes used for that of the roebuck. All the females of the Cervid?, with the exception of the reindeer, are hornless. It may be remarked that the emendation of Bochart on the version of Gen_49:21, where for 'Naphthali is a hind let loose, he giveth goodly words,' he, by a small change in the punctuation of the original, proposes to read 'Naphthali is a spreading tree, shooting forth beautiful branches,' restores the text to a consistent meaning, agreeing with the Sept., the Chaldee paraphrase, and the Arabic version. [HART].
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
Gen_49:21 (a) This is a picture of the freedom, liberty and enjoyment which this tribe would have in life. Those whom the Lord sets free are free indeed.
2Sa_22:34 (a) The hind is the female of the red deer. It is noted for its fleetness and its sure-footedness. The Psalmist is using this as a type of the ability which GOD gave him of avoiding King Saul, and other dangerous enemies. It is a picture also of the ability GOD gives His children to travel easily over the rough paths of life, and to feel at home among the difficulties of life. The hind enjoys the rough mountain terrain. She is sure-footed, she does not seek easy paths. (See also Hab_3:19; Psa_18:33). (The "hart" is the male member of the red deer family).
Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types
press 1957.
Hind
(אִוָּלָה, ayalah', Gen_49:21; 2Sa_22:34; Job_34:1; Psa_18:33; Psa_29:9; Son_2:7; Son_3:5; Hab_3:19; or
אִוֶּלֶת, aye'leth, Pro_5:19; Jer_14:5; Aijaleth, Psalms 22 :title), the female of the hart or stag, doe being the female of the fallow-deer, and roe being sometimes used for that of the roebuck. All the females of the Cervidae, with the exception of the reindeer, are hornless. SEE DEER. The hind is frequently noticed in the poetical parts of Scripture as emblematic of activity (Gen_49:21; 2Sa_22:34; Psa_18:33; Hab_3:19), gentleness (Pro_5:19), feminine modesty (Son_2:7; Son_3:5), earnest longing (Psa_42:1), and maternal affection (Jer_14:5). Its shyness and remoteness from the haunts of men are also noticed (Job_39:1), and its timidity, causing it to cast its young at the sound of thunder (Psa_29:9). The conclusion which some have drawn from the passage last quoted, that the hind produces her young with great difficulty, is not, in reality, deducible from the words, and is expressly contradicted by Job_39:3. It may be remarked on Psa_18:33, and Hab_3:19, where the Lord is said to cause the feet to stand firm like those of a hind on high places, that this representation is in perfect harmony with the habits of mountain stags; but the version of Pro_5:19, Let the wife of thy bosom be as the beloved hind and favorite roe, seems to indicate that here the words are generalized so as to include under roe monogamous species of antelopes, whose affections and consortship are permanent and strong; for stags are polygamous. The Sept. reads אֵילָהin Gen_49:21, rendering it στέλεχος ἀνειμένον, a luxuriant terebinth, an emendation adopted by Bochart. Lowth has proposed a similar change in Psalms 29, but in neither case can the emendation be accepted. Naphtali verified the comparison of himself to a graceful or tall hind by the events recorded in Jdg_4:6-9; Jdg_5:18. The inscription of Psalms 22 : the hind of the morning, probably refers to a tune of that name. SEE AIJELETH.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
(See HART.)
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
Hind. The female of the common stag or Cervus elaphus. It is frequently noticed in the poetical parts of Scripture as emblematic of...
activity, Gen_49:21; Psa_18:33,
gentleness, Pro_5:19,
feminine modesty, Son_2:7; Son_3:5,
earnest longing, Psa_42:1, and
maternal affection. Jer_14:5.
Its shyness and remoteness from the haunts of men are also alluded to, Job_39:1, and
its timidity, causing it to cast its young at the sound of thunder. Psa_29:9.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
אילה , Gen_49:21; 2Sa_22:34; Job_39:1; Psa_18:33; Psa_29:9; Pro_5:19; Son_2:7; Son_3:5; Jer_14:5; Hab_3:19; the male or female of the stag. It is a lovely creature, and of an elegant shape. It is noted for its swiftness and the sureness of its step as it jumps among the rocks. David and Habakkuk both allude to this character of the hind. The Lord maketh my feet like hinds' feet, and causeth me to stand on the high places, Psa_18:33; Hab_3:19. The circumstance of their standing on the high places or mountains is applied to these animals by Xenophon. Our translators make Jacob, prophesying of the tribe of Naphtali, say, Naphtali is a hind let loose: he giveth goodly words. Gen_49:21. There is a difficulty and incoherence here which the learned Bochart removes by altering a little the punctuation of the original; and it then reads, Naphtali is a spreading tree, shooting forth beautiful branches. This, indeed, renders the simile uniform; but another critic has remarked that the allusion to a tree seems to be purposely reserved by the venerable patriarch for his son Joseph, who is compared to the boughs of a tree; and the repetition of the idea in reference to Naphtali is every way unlikely. Beside, he adds, the word rendered let loose,' imports an active motion, not like that of the branches of a tree, which, however freely they wave, are yet attached to the parent stock; but an emission, a dismission, or sending forth to a distance: in the present case, a roaming, roaming at liberty. The verb he giveth' may denote shooting forth. It is used of production, as of the earth, which shoots forth, yields, its increase, Lev_26:4. The word rendered goodly' signifies noble, grand, majestic; and the noun translated words' radically signifies divergences, what is spread forth. For these reasons he proposes to read the passage, Naphtali is a deer roaming at liberty; he shooteth forth spreading branches, or majestic antlers. Here the distinction of imagery is preserved, and the fecundity of the tribe and the fertility of their lot intimated. In our version of Psa_29:9, we read, The voice of the Lord maketh the hinds to calve, and discovereth the forests. Mr. Merrick, in an ingenious note on the place, attempts to justify the rendering; but Bishop Lowth, in his Lectures on the Sacred Poetry of the Hebrews, observes that this agrees very little with the rest of the imagery, either in nature or dignity; and that he does not feel himself persuaded, even by the reasonings of the learned Bochart on this subject: whereas the oak, struck with lightning, admirably agrees with the context. The Syriac seems, for אילות , hinds, to have read אלות , oaks, or rather, perhaps, terebinths. The passage may be thus versified:
Hark! his voice in thunder breaks, And the lofty mountain quakes; Mighty trees the tempests tear,
And lay the spreading forests bare!
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.
hı̄nd. See DEER.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Hind (Gen_49:21; 2Sa_22:34; Job_39:1; Psa_18:33, etc.), the female of the hart or stag, doe being the female of the fallow-deer, and roe being sometimes used for that of the roebuck. All the females of the Cervid?, with the exception of the reindeer, are hornless. It may be remarked that the emendation of Bochart on the version of Gen_49:21, where for 'Naphthali is a hind let loose, he giveth goodly words,' he, by a small change in the punctuation of the original, proposes to read 'Naphthali is a spreading tree, shooting forth beautiful branches,' restores the text to a consistent meaning, agreeing with the Sept., the Chaldee paraphrase, and the Arabic version. [HART].
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
Gen_49:21 (a) This is a picture of the freedom, liberty and enjoyment which this tribe would have in life. Those whom the Lord sets free are free indeed.
2Sa_22:34 (a) The hind is the female of the red deer. It is noted for its fleetness and its sure-footedness. The Psalmist is using this as a type of the ability which GOD gave him of avoiding King Saul, and other dangerous enemies. It is a picture also of the ability GOD gives His children to travel easily over the rough paths of life, and to feel at home among the difficulties of life. The hind enjoys the rough mountain terrain. She is sure-footed, she does not seek easy paths. (See also Hab_3:19; Psa_18:33). (The "hart" is the male member of the red deer family).
Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types
press 1957.
Hind
(אִוָּלָה, ayalah', Gen_49:21; 2Sa_22:34; Job_34:1; Psa_18:33; Psa_29:9; Son_2:7; Son_3:5; Hab_3:19; or
אִוֶּלֶת, aye'leth, Pro_5:19; Jer_14:5; Aijaleth, Psalms 22 :title), the female of the hart or stag, doe being the female of the fallow-deer, and roe being sometimes used for that of the roebuck. All the females of the Cervidae, with the exception of the reindeer, are hornless. SEE DEER. The hind is frequently noticed in the poetical parts of Scripture as emblematic of activity (Gen_49:21; 2Sa_22:34; Psa_18:33; Hab_3:19), gentleness (Pro_5:19), feminine modesty (Son_2:7; Son_3:5), earnest longing (Psa_42:1), and maternal affection (Jer_14:5). Its shyness and remoteness from the haunts of men are also noticed (Job_39:1), and its timidity, causing it to cast its young at the sound of thunder (Psa_29:9). The conclusion which some have drawn from the passage last quoted, that the hind produces her young with great difficulty, is not, in reality, deducible from the words, and is expressly contradicted by Job_39:3. It may be remarked on Psa_18:33, and Hab_3:19, where the Lord is said to cause the feet to stand firm like those of a hind on high places, that this representation is in perfect harmony with the habits of mountain stags; but the version of Pro_5:19, Let the wife of thy bosom be as the beloved hind and favorite roe, seems to indicate that here the words are generalized so as to include under roe monogamous species of antelopes, whose affections and consortship are permanent and strong; for stags are polygamous. The Sept. reads אֵילָהin Gen_49:21, rendering it στέλεχος ἀνειμένον, a luxuriant terebinth, an emendation adopted by Bochart. Lowth has proposed a similar change in Psalms 29, but in neither case can the emendation be accepted. Naphtali verified the comparison of himself to a graceful or tall hind by the events recorded in Jdg_4:6-9; Jdg_5:18. The inscription of Psalms 22 : the hind of the morning, probably refers to a tune of that name. SEE AIJELETH.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
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