Legion
VIEW:38 DATA:01-04-2020
LEGION.This term, which means literally a gathering, looks back to the early days of the Roman citizen army. In the time of the Empire it indicated a force of about 6000 infantry, together with complements of other arms. The infantry proper were divided into ten cohorts (the word is tr. [Note: translate or translation.] band [wh. see] in Mat_27:27, Mar_15:16, Joh_18:3; Joh_18:12, Act_10:1; Act_21:31; Act_27:1), each containing about 600 men, and each commanded on occasion by a military tribune. Of these tribunes there were six to a legion. A cohort was itself subdivided into ten centuries, each commanded by a centurion. It is not necessary to remember all these facts in studying the NT use of the word legion (Mat_26:53, Mar_5:9; Mar_5:15, Luk_8:30). What chiefly impressed Semites was apparently the size of the legion, and legion appears to have become a proverb among them for a large number of persons in orderly combination.
A. Souter.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
The largest division of the Roman army, of which it was, in order and armament, the miniature; 6,000 foot, with a body of horse. Mat_26:53, "thinkest thou that I cannot now pray to My Father, and He shall presently give Me more than twelve legions of angels," against this band from the Roman "legion"; not merely My twelve apostles, but twelve "legions," and these "angels?" (compare 2Ki_6:17; Dan_7:10.) In Mar_5:9 the demon-possessed says, "my name is legion, for we are many," "because many demons (Greek) were entered into him."
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
Legion. The chief subdivision of the Roman army, containing about 6000 infantry, with a contingent of cavalry. The term does not occur in the Bible in its primary sense, but appears to have been adopted in order to express any large number, with the accessory ideas of order and subordination. Mat_26:53; Mar_5:9.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
The Roman legions were composed each of ten cohorts; a cohort, of fifty maniples; a maniple, of fifteen men; consequently, a full legion contained six thousand soldiers. Jesus cured one who called himself legion, as if possessed by a legion of devils, Mar_5:9. He also said to Peter, who drew his sword to defend him in the olive garden: Thinkest thou that I cannot now pray to my Father, who shall presently give me more than twelve legions of angels? Mat_26:53.
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.
lē?jun. See ARMY; ARMY, ROMAN.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Legion, a division of the Roman army. It always comprised a large body of men; but the number varied so much at different times, that there is considerable discrepancy in the statements with reference to it. The legion appears to have originally contained about 3000 men, and to have risen gradually to twice that number, or even more. In and about the time of Christ it seems to have consisted of 6000 men; but this was exclusive of horsemen, who usually formed an additional body amounting to one-tenth of the infantry. As all the divisions of the Roman army are noticed in Scripture, we may add that each legion was divided into ten cohorts or regiments, each cohort into three maniples or bands, and each maniple into three centuries or companies of 100 each. This smaller division into centuries or hundreds, from the form in which it is exhibited as a constituent of the larger divisions, clearly shows that 6000 had become at least the formal number of a legion.
The word legion came to be used to express a great number or multitude. Thus, the unclean spirit (Mar_5:9), when asked his name, answers, 'My name is Legion, for we are many.'
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
Legion
(λεγεών, Graecized from the Latin legio), a main division of the Roman army, corresponding nearly to the modern regiment. It always comprised a large body of men, but the number varied so much at different times that there is considerable discrepancy in the statements with reference to it. The legion appears to have originally contained about 3000 men, and to have risen gradually to twice that number, or even more. In and about the time of Christ it seems to have consisted of 6000 men. aned this was exclusive of horsemen, who usually formed an additional body amounting to one tenth of the infantry. As all the divisions of the Roman army are noticed in Scripture, we may add that each legion was dividedl into ten cohorts or battalions, each cohort into three maniples or bands, and each maniple into two centuries or companies of 100 each. This smaller division into centuries or hundreds, from the form in which it is exhibited as a constituent of the larger divisions, clearly shows that 6000 had become at least the formal number of a legion. See Smith's Dict. of Class. Ant s.v. Army, Roman.
The word legion came to be used to express a great number or multitude (e.g. of angels, Mat_26:53). Thus the unclean spirit (Mar_5:9; compare Mar_5:15), when asked his name, answers, My name is Legion, for we are many. Many illustrations of this use of the word might be cited from the Rabbinical writers, who even apply it (לַגְיוֹן לֶגְיוֹן) to inanimate objects, as when they speak of a legion of olives, etc. (see Lightfoot, Hor. Hebr. et Talm.; Buxtorf, Lex. Talm. s.v.). Kitto. SEE ARMY.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
A. Souter.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
The largest division of the Roman army, of which it was, in order and armament, the miniature; 6,000 foot, with a body of horse. Mat_26:53, "thinkest thou that I cannot now pray to My Father, and He shall presently give Me more than twelve legions of angels," against this band from the Roman "legion"; not merely My twelve apostles, but twelve "legions," and these "angels?" (compare 2Ki_6:17; Dan_7:10.) In Mar_5:9 the demon-possessed says, "my name is legion, for we are many," "because many demons (Greek) were entered into him."
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
Legion. The chief subdivision of the Roman army, containing about 6000 infantry, with a contingent of cavalry. The term does not occur in the Bible in its primary sense, but appears to have been adopted in order to express any large number, with the accessory ideas of order and subordination. Mat_26:53; Mar_5:9.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
The Roman legions were composed each of ten cohorts; a cohort, of fifty maniples; a maniple, of fifteen men; consequently, a full legion contained six thousand soldiers. Jesus cured one who called himself legion, as if possessed by a legion of devils, Mar_5:9. He also said to Peter, who drew his sword to defend him in the olive garden: Thinkest thou that I cannot now pray to my Father, who shall presently give me more than twelve legions of angels? Mat_26:53.
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.
lē?jun. See ARMY; ARMY, ROMAN.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Legion, a division of the Roman army. It always comprised a large body of men; but the number varied so much at different times, that there is considerable discrepancy in the statements with reference to it. The legion appears to have originally contained about 3000 men, and to have risen gradually to twice that number, or even more. In and about the time of Christ it seems to have consisted of 6000 men; but this was exclusive of horsemen, who usually formed an additional body amounting to one-tenth of the infantry. As all the divisions of the Roman army are noticed in Scripture, we may add that each legion was divided into ten cohorts or regiments, each cohort into three maniples or bands, and each maniple into three centuries or companies of 100 each. This smaller division into centuries or hundreds, from the form in which it is exhibited as a constituent of the larger divisions, clearly shows that 6000 had become at least the formal number of a legion.
The word legion came to be used to express a great number or multitude. Thus, the unclean spirit (Mar_5:9), when asked his name, answers, 'My name is Legion, for we are many.'
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
Legion
(λεγεών, Graecized from the Latin legio), a main division of the Roman army, corresponding nearly to the modern regiment. It always comprised a large body of men, but the number varied so much at different times that there is considerable discrepancy in the statements with reference to it. The legion appears to have originally contained about 3000 men, and to have risen gradually to twice that number, or even more. In and about the time of Christ it seems to have consisted of 6000 men. aned this was exclusive of horsemen, who usually formed an additional body amounting to one tenth of the infantry. As all the divisions of the Roman army are noticed in Scripture, we may add that each legion was dividedl into ten cohorts or battalions, each cohort into three maniples or bands, and each maniple into two centuries or companies of 100 each. This smaller division into centuries or hundreds, from the form in which it is exhibited as a constituent of the larger divisions, clearly shows that 6000 had become at least the formal number of a legion. See Smith's Dict. of Class. Ant s.v. Army, Roman.
The word legion came to be used to express a great number or multitude (e.g. of angels, Mat_26:53). Thus the unclean spirit (Mar_5:9; compare Mar_5:15), when asked his name, answers, My name is Legion, for we are many. Many illustrations of this use of the word might be cited from the Rabbinical writers, who even apply it (לַגְיוֹן לֶגְיוֹן) to inanimate objects, as when they speak of a legion of olives, etc. (see Lightfoot, Hor. Hebr. et Talm.; Buxtorf, Lex. Talm. s.v.). Kitto. SEE ARMY.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
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