Maacah
VIEW:29 DATA:01-04-2020
MAACAH.1. A son of Nahor (Gen_22:24). 2. The daughter of Talmai, wife of David, and mother of Absalom (2Sa_3:5 etc.). 3. The father of Achish, king of Gath (1Ki_2:39), possibly the same as Maoch (1Sa_27:2). 4. Wife of Rehoboam, and mother of Ahijah (2Ch_11:20). When she is called daughter of Absalom (1Ki_15:2; 1Ki_15:10, 2Ch_11:20 f.), granddaughter may be intended, as Ahsalom had but one daughter, Tamar, who may have married Uriel of Gibeah (2Ch_13:2, where the name is given as Micaiah; cf. Jos. [Note: Josephus.] Ant. VII. x. 1). Maacah fell under the spell of loathsome idolatry, for which Asa deposed her from the position of queen-mother, which she appears to have held till then (1Ki_15:18, 2Ch_15:16). 5. A concubine of Caleb (1Ch_2:48). 6. Wife of Machir (1Ch_7:15 f.). 7. Wife of Jehiel, the father of Gibeon (1Ch_8:28; 1Ch_9:35). 8. One of Davids warriors, father of Hanan (1Ch_11:43). 9. The father of Shephatiah, the captain of the Simeonites (1Ch_27:18).
W. Ewing.
MAACAH.A small kingdom out of which the Aramæan (1Ch_19:6) inhabitants were not driven (Jos_13:13). It probably lay in what is now known as the Jautân, E. of the Sea of Galilee and the Upper Jordan (Deu_3:14, Jos_12:6; Jos_13:11), but its borders cannot now be determined. Its king and army were hired against David by the Ammonites, and shared their overthrow in the battle fought near Medeba (2Sa_10:1-19, 1Ch_19:1-19). The inhabitants were called Maacathites (2Sa_23:34 etc.).
W. Ewing.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
Abel-beth-Maacah was not in it, but in Israel; in the direction of Maacah, and somehow connected with it (2Sa_20:14-16). A small kingdom outside Argob (Deu_3:14), and Bashan (Jos_12:5). Between Bashan and the kingdom of Damascus, on the skirts of Mount Hermon, E. of the Lejah. The mention of Maacah with the Geshurites points to a connection between them; probably by affinity, as the Geshurite Talmai's daughter bears the name Maacah. Both were connected with Syria (1Ch_19:6-7; 2Sa_10:6; 2Sa_10:8). The king of Maacah was Ammon's ally against David; his small contingent, 1,000 men, shows the pettiness of the region.
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
Ma'acah. (oppression).
1. The mother of Absalom; also called Maachah. 2Sa_3:3.
2. Maacah, or (in 1Ch_19:6-7), Maachah, a small kingdom in close proximity to Palestine which appears to have lain outside Argob, Deu_3:14, and Bashun. Jos_12:5.
The Ammonite war was the only occasion on which the Maacathites came into contact with Israel when their king assisted the Ammonites against Joab with a force which he led himself. 2Sa_10:6; 2Sa_10:8; 1Ch_19:7.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
or BETH-MAACHA, a little province of Syria to the east and the north of the sources of the river Jordan, upon the road to Damascus. Abel or Abela was in this country, whence it was called, Abelbeth- Maachah. We learn from Jos_13:13, that the Israelites did not destroy the Maachathites, but permitted them to dwell in the land among them. The distribution of the half tribe of Manasseh, beyond Jordan, extended as far as this country, Deu_3:14; Jos_12:5.
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.
mā?a-ka (מעכה, ma‛ăkhāh; Septuagint: Codex Vaticanus Μωχᾶ, Mōchá; Codex Alexandrinus Μααχά, Maachá): A small Syrian kingdom adjoining that of Geshur on the western border of Bashan, the inhabitants of which are called Maachathites (the Revised Version (British and American) ?Maacathites?), whose territory was taken by Jair (Deu_3:14; Jos_12:5). The border of the Geshurites and the Maacathites and all Mt. Hermon were given to the half-tribe of Manasseh (Jos_13:11). The inhabitants of these kingdoms, however, were not driven out by Israel (Jos_13:13), and at a later day the children of Ammon hired mercenaries from Maacah for their encounter with David. The armies met near Medeba when the ?Syrians? from Maacah found themselves opposed to Joab. That famous captain completely routed them (2Sa_10:6 ff the Septuagint has ?Amalek?). In 1Ch_19:6 it is called Aram-maacah, Syria-maachah (the King James Version); and in 1Ch_2:23 ?Aram? appears instead of ?Maacah.?
It evidently lay between Geshur on the South and Hermon on the North, being probably bounded by Jordan on the West, although no certain indication of boundaries is now possible. They would thus be hemmed in by Israel, which accounts for 'Geshur and Maacath dwell in the midst of Israel? (Jos_13:13).It is possible that Abel-beth-maacah may have been a colony founded by men from Maacah.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Ma?acah, or Maacath, a city and region at the foot of Mount Hermon, not far from Geshur, a district of Syria (Jos_13:13; 2Sa_10:6; 2Sa_10:8; 1Ch_19:7). Hence the adjacent portion of Syria is called Aram-Maachah or Syria of Maachah (1Ch_19:7). The Israelites seem to have considered this territory as included in their grant, but were never able to get possession of it (Jos_13:13). In the time of David the small state had a king of its own, who contributed 1000 men to, the grand alliance of the Syrian nations against the Jewish monarch (2Sa_10:6; 2Sa_10:8). The lot of the half-tribe of Manasseh beyond the Jordan extended to this country, as had previously the dominion of Og, king of Bashan (Deu_3:14; Jos_12:5). Near, or within the ancient limits of Maacah, was the town called for that reason Abel beth-Maacah [ABEL].
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
Maacah
(Heb. Maikah', מִעֲכָה, oppression, Sept. Μααχά, but in Gen_22:24, Μοχά; in 1Ch_2:48; 1Ch_3:3. Μωχά; in 1Ch_7:15-16, Μοοχά; in 1Ch_9:35, Μοωχά; in 1Ch_11:43, Μαχά; Vulg. Maacha; Auth. Vers. "Maacah" only 2Sa_3:3; 2Sa_10:6; 2Sa_10:8), the name of a place and also of nine persons. SEE BETH- MAACHAH.
1. A city and region at the foot of Mount Hermon, not far from Geshur, a district of Syria (Jos_13:13; 2Sa_10:6; 2Sa_10:8; 1Ch_19:7). Hence the adjacent portion of Syria is called Aram-Maacah, or Syria of Maachah ("Syria-Maachah," 1Ch_19:6). It appears to have been situated at the southerly junction of Coele-Syria and Damascene- Syria, being bounded by the kingdom of Rehob on the north, by that of Geshur on the south, and by the mountains on either side of the Upper Jordan, on the east and west. SEE GESHUR.
The little kingdom thus embraced the southern and eastern declivities of Hermon, and a portion of the rocky plateau of Itursea (Porter's Damascus, 1:319; comp. Journ. of Sac. Lit. July 1854, page 310). The Israelites seem to have considered this territory as included in their grant, but were never able to get possession of it (Jos_13:13). In the time of David this petty principality had a king of its own, who contributed 1000 men to the grand alliance of the Syrian nations against the Jewish monarch (2Sa_10:6; 2Sa_10:8). The lot of the half-tribe of Manasseh beyond the Jordan extended to this country, as had previously the dominion of Og, king of Bashan (Deu_3:14; Jos_12:5). The Gentile nameis Maacahthite (מִעֲכָתַי, Sept. Μαχαθί, but Μααχαθί in 2Sa_23:24, Μαχαθά in 1Ch_4:19, Μιοχαθεί in Jer_40:8; Auth. Version "Maacathite," but "Maachathi" in Deu_3:14), which is also put for the people (Deu_3:14; Jos_12:5; Jos_13:11; Jos_13:13; 2Ki_25:23). Near or within the ancient limits of the small state of Maacah was the town called for that reason Abbel beth-maacah, perhaps its metropolis, which is represented by the modern Abil el-Kamh, situated on the west side of the valley and stream that descends from Merj Ayun towards the Huleh, and on a summit, with a large offset on the south. SEE ABELN-BETH MAACHAH.
Rosenmüller explains the name Maacah to press, to press together, which seems to denote a region enclosed and hemmed in by mountains, a land of valleys. The name of this region is Anglicized everywhere "Maachah" in the Auth. Vers., except in 2Sa_3:3; 2Sa_10:6; 2Sa_10:8. Once (Jos_13:13, second clause) it is written in the original Maacath (Hebrew Maakath', מִעֲכָת, Sept. Μαχαθί,Vulg. Maachati, Auth. Vers. "Maachathites"). The identification of the Chaldee version with the district of Epicairus (Ε᾿πικαιρος), mentioned by Ptolemy (5:16, 9) as lying between Callirrhoe and Livias, as also that of the Syriac (on 1 Chronicles) with Charan, according to Rosenmüller (Altelth. 1. 2) a tract in the district of the Ledja (Burckhardt, 1:350), is merely traditionary (Reland, Palest. p. 118).
2. The last named of the four children of Nahor by his concubine Reumah, probably a son, although the sex is uncertain (Gen_22:24). B.C. cir. 2040. Ewald arbitrarily connects the name with the district of Maachah in the Hermon range (Gesch. 1:414, note 1).
3. The sister of Hupham (Huppim) and Shupham (Shuppim), and consequently granddaughter of Benjamin; she married Machir, by whom she had two sons (1Ch_7:15-16). B.C. post. 1856. SEE GILEAD.
4. The second named of the concubines of Caleb (son of Hezron), by whom she had several children (1Ch_2:48). B.C. ante 1658.
5. The wife of Jehiel and mother of Gibeon (1Ch_8:29; 1Ch_9:35). B.C. cir. 1658.
6. A daughter of Talmai, king of Geshur; she became the wife of David, and mother of Absalom (2Sa_3:3). B.C. 1053. In 1Sa_27:8, we read of David's invading the land of the Geshurites, and the Jewish commentators (in Jerome, ad Reg.) allege that he then took the daughter of the king captive, and, in consequence of her great beauty, married her, after she had been made a proselyte according to the law in Deuteronomy 21. But this is a gross mistake. for the Geshur invaded by David was to the south of Judah, whereas the Geshur over which Talmai ruled was to the north, and was regarded as part of Syria (2Sa_15:8). SEE GESIHUI.
The fact appears to be that David, having married the daughter of this king, contracted an alliance with him, in order to strengthen his interest against Ishbosheth in those parts. Josephus gives her name Μαχάμη (Ant. 7:1, 4). SEE DAVID.
7. The father of Hanan, which latter was one of David's famous body- guard (1Ch_11:43). B.C. ante 1046.
8. The father of Shephatiah, which latter was the military chief of the tribe of Simeon under David and Solomon (1Ch_27:16). B.C. ante 1014.
9. The father of Achish, which latter was the king of Gath, to whom Shimei went in search of his runaway servants, and thus forfeited, his life by transcending the bounds prescribed by Solomon (1Ki_2:39). B.C. ante 1010. He appears to have been different from the Maoch of 1Sa_27:2. SEE ACHISH.
10. A daughter of Abishalom, the wife of Rehoboam, and mother of Abijam (1Ki_15:2). B.C. 973-953. In 1Ki_15:10 we read that Asa's "mother's name was Maachah, the daughter of Abishalom." It is evident that here "mother" is used in a loose sense, and means "grandmother," which the Maachah named in 1Ki_15:2 must have been to the Asa of 1Ki_15:10. It therefore appears to be a great error to make two persons of them, as is done by Calmet and others. The Abishalom who was the father of this Maachah is called Absalom in 2Ch_11:20-22, and is generally supposed by the Jews to have been Absalom, the son of David; which seems not improbable, seeing that Rehoboam's two other wives were of his father's family (2Ch_11:18). In 2Ch_13:2, she is called "Michaiah, the daughter of Uriel of Gibeah." But Josephus says that she was the daughter of Tamar, the daughter of Absalom (Ant. 8:10, 1), and consequently his granddaughter. This seems not unlikely, and in that case this Tamar must have been the wife of Uriel. SEE ABIJAI.
It would appear that Asa's own mother was dead before he began to reign; for Maachah bore the rank and state of queen-mother (resembling that of the sultaness Valide among the Turks), the powers of which she so much abused to the encouragement of idolatry, that Asa commenced his reforms by "removing her from being queen, because she had made an idol (lit. a fright) in a grove" (1Ki_15:10-13; 2Ch_15:16).
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
W. Ewing.
MAACAH.A small kingdom out of which the Aramæan (1Ch_19:6) inhabitants were not driven (Jos_13:13). It probably lay in what is now known as the Jautân, E. of the Sea of Galilee and the Upper Jordan (Deu_3:14, Jos_12:6; Jos_13:11), but its borders cannot now be determined. Its king and army were hired against David by the Ammonites, and shared their overthrow in the battle fought near Medeba (2Sa_10:1-19, 1Ch_19:1-19). The inhabitants were called Maacathites (2Sa_23:34 etc.).
W. Ewing.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
Abel-beth-Maacah was not in it, but in Israel; in the direction of Maacah, and somehow connected with it (2Sa_20:14-16). A small kingdom outside Argob (Deu_3:14), and Bashan (Jos_12:5). Between Bashan and the kingdom of Damascus, on the skirts of Mount Hermon, E. of the Lejah. The mention of Maacah with the Geshurites points to a connection between them; probably by affinity, as the Geshurite Talmai's daughter bears the name Maacah. Both were connected with Syria (1Ch_19:6-7; 2Sa_10:6; 2Sa_10:8). The king of Maacah was Ammon's ally against David; his small contingent, 1,000 men, shows the pettiness of the region.
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
Ma'acah. (oppression).
1. The mother of Absalom; also called Maachah. 2Sa_3:3.
2. Maacah, or (in 1Ch_19:6-7), Maachah, a small kingdom in close proximity to Palestine which appears to have lain outside Argob, Deu_3:14, and Bashun. Jos_12:5.
The Ammonite war was the only occasion on which the Maacathites came into contact with Israel when their king assisted the Ammonites against Joab with a force which he led himself. 2Sa_10:6; 2Sa_10:8; 1Ch_19:7.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
or BETH-MAACHA, a little province of Syria to the east and the north of the sources of the river Jordan, upon the road to Damascus. Abel or Abela was in this country, whence it was called, Abelbeth- Maachah. We learn from Jos_13:13, that the Israelites did not destroy the Maachathites, but permitted them to dwell in the land among them. The distribution of the half tribe of Manasseh, beyond Jordan, extended as far as this country, Deu_3:14; Jos_12:5.
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.
mā?a-ka (מעכה, ma‛ăkhāh; Septuagint: Codex Vaticanus Μωχᾶ, Mōchá; Codex Alexandrinus Μααχά, Maachá): A small Syrian kingdom adjoining that of Geshur on the western border of Bashan, the inhabitants of which are called Maachathites (the Revised Version (British and American) ?Maacathites?), whose territory was taken by Jair (Deu_3:14; Jos_12:5). The border of the Geshurites and the Maacathites and all Mt. Hermon were given to the half-tribe of Manasseh (Jos_13:11). The inhabitants of these kingdoms, however, were not driven out by Israel (Jos_13:13), and at a later day the children of Ammon hired mercenaries from Maacah for their encounter with David. The armies met near Medeba when the ?Syrians? from Maacah found themselves opposed to Joab. That famous captain completely routed them (2Sa_10:6 ff the Septuagint has ?Amalek?). In 1Ch_19:6 it is called Aram-maacah, Syria-maachah (the King James Version); and in 1Ch_2:23 ?Aram? appears instead of ?Maacah.?
It evidently lay between Geshur on the South and Hermon on the North, being probably bounded by Jordan on the West, although no certain indication of boundaries is now possible. They would thus be hemmed in by Israel, which accounts for 'Geshur and Maacath dwell in the midst of Israel? (Jos_13:13).It is possible that Abel-beth-maacah may have been a colony founded by men from Maacah.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Ma?acah, or Maacath, a city and region at the foot of Mount Hermon, not far from Geshur, a district of Syria (Jos_13:13; 2Sa_10:6; 2Sa_10:8; 1Ch_19:7). Hence the adjacent portion of Syria is called Aram-Maachah or Syria of Maachah (1Ch_19:7). The Israelites seem to have considered this territory as included in their grant, but were never able to get possession of it (Jos_13:13). In the time of David the small state had a king of its own, who contributed 1000 men to, the grand alliance of the Syrian nations against the Jewish monarch (2Sa_10:6; 2Sa_10:8). The lot of the half-tribe of Manasseh beyond the Jordan extended to this country, as had previously the dominion of Og, king of Bashan (Deu_3:14; Jos_12:5). Near, or within the ancient limits of Maacah, was the town called for that reason Abel beth-Maacah [ABEL].
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
Maacah
(Heb. Maikah', מִעֲכָה, oppression, Sept. Μααχά, but in Gen_22:24, Μοχά; in 1Ch_2:48; 1Ch_3:3. Μωχά; in 1Ch_7:15-16, Μοοχά; in 1Ch_9:35, Μοωχά; in 1Ch_11:43, Μαχά; Vulg. Maacha; Auth. Vers. "Maacah" only 2Sa_3:3; 2Sa_10:6; 2Sa_10:8), the name of a place and also of nine persons. SEE BETH- MAACHAH.
1. A city and region at the foot of Mount Hermon, not far from Geshur, a district of Syria (Jos_13:13; 2Sa_10:6; 2Sa_10:8; 1Ch_19:7). Hence the adjacent portion of Syria is called Aram-Maacah, or Syria of Maachah ("Syria-Maachah," 1Ch_19:6). It appears to have been situated at the southerly junction of Coele-Syria and Damascene- Syria, being bounded by the kingdom of Rehob on the north, by that of Geshur on the south, and by the mountains on either side of the Upper Jordan, on the east and west. SEE GESHUR.
The little kingdom thus embraced the southern and eastern declivities of Hermon, and a portion of the rocky plateau of Itursea (Porter's Damascus, 1:319; comp. Journ. of Sac. Lit. July 1854, page 310). The Israelites seem to have considered this territory as included in their grant, but were never able to get possession of it (Jos_13:13). In the time of David this petty principality had a king of its own, who contributed 1000 men to the grand alliance of the Syrian nations against the Jewish monarch (2Sa_10:6; 2Sa_10:8). The lot of the half-tribe of Manasseh beyond the Jordan extended to this country, as had previously the dominion of Og, king of Bashan (Deu_3:14; Jos_12:5). The Gentile nameis Maacahthite (מִעֲכָתַי, Sept. Μαχαθί, but Μααχαθί in 2Sa_23:24, Μαχαθά in 1Ch_4:19, Μιοχαθεί in Jer_40:8; Auth. Version "Maacathite," but "Maachathi" in Deu_3:14), which is also put for the people (Deu_3:14; Jos_12:5; Jos_13:11; Jos_13:13; 2Ki_25:23). Near or within the ancient limits of the small state of Maacah was the town called for that reason Abbel beth-maacah, perhaps its metropolis, which is represented by the modern Abil el-Kamh, situated on the west side of the valley and stream that descends from Merj Ayun towards the Huleh, and on a summit, with a large offset on the south. SEE ABELN-BETH MAACHAH.
Rosenmüller explains the name Maacah to press, to press together, which seems to denote a region enclosed and hemmed in by mountains, a land of valleys. The name of this region is Anglicized everywhere "Maachah" in the Auth. Vers., except in 2Sa_3:3; 2Sa_10:6; 2Sa_10:8. Once (Jos_13:13, second clause) it is written in the original Maacath (Hebrew Maakath', מִעֲכָת, Sept. Μαχαθί,Vulg. Maachati, Auth. Vers. "Maachathites"). The identification of the Chaldee version with the district of Epicairus (Ε᾿πικαιρος), mentioned by Ptolemy (5:16, 9) as lying between Callirrhoe and Livias, as also that of the Syriac (on 1 Chronicles) with Charan, according to Rosenmüller (Altelth. 1. 2) a tract in the district of the Ledja (Burckhardt, 1:350), is merely traditionary (Reland, Palest. p. 118).
2. The last named of the four children of Nahor by his concubine Reumah, probably a son, although the sex is uncertain (Gen_22:24). B.C. cir. 2040. Ewald arbitrarily connects the name with the district of Maachah in the Hermon range (Gesch. 1:414, note 1).
3. The sister of Hupham (Huppim) and Shupham (Shuppim), and consequently granddaughter of Benjamin; she married Machir, by whom she had two sons (1Ch_7:15-16). B.C. post. 1856. SEE GILEAD.
4. The second named of the concubines of Caleb (son of Hezron), by whom she had several children (1Ch_2:48). B.C. ante 1658.
5. The wife of Jehiel and mother of Gibeon (1Ch_8:29; 1Ch_9:35). B.C. cir. 1658.
6. A daughter of Talmai, king of Geshur; she became the wife of David, and mother of Absalom (2Sa_3:3). B.C. 1053. In 1Sa_27:8, we read of David's invading the land of the Geshurites, and the Jewish commentators (in Jerome, ad Reg.) allege that he then took the daughter of the king captive, and, in consequence of her great beauty, married her, after she had been made a proselyte according to the law in Deuteronomy 21. But this is a gross mistake. for the Geshur invaded by David was to the south of Judah, whereas the Geshur over which Talmai ruled was to the north, and was regarded as part of Syria (2Sa_15:8). SEE GESIHUI.
The fact appears to be that David, having married the daughter of this king, contracted an alliance with him, in order to strengthen his interest against Ishbosheth in those parts. Josephus gives her name Μαχάμη (Ant. 7:1, 4). SEE DAVID.
7. The father of Hanan, which latter was one of David's famous body- guard (1Ch_11:43). B.C. ante 1046.
8. The father of Shephatiah, which latter was the military chief of the tribe of Simeon under David and Solomon (1Ch_27:16). B.C. ante 1014.
9. The father of Achish, which latter was the king of Gath, to whom Shimei went in search of his runaway servants, and thus forfeited, his life by transcending the bounds prescribed by Solomon (1Ki_2:39). B.C. ante 1010. He appears to have been different from the Maoch of 1Sa_27:2. SEE ACHISH.
10. A daughter of Abishalom, the wife of Rehoboam, and mother of Abijam (1Ki_15:2). B.C. 973-953. In 1Ki_15:10 we read that Asa's "mother's name was Maachah, the daughter of Abishalom." It is evident that here "mother" is used in a loose sense, and means "grandmother," which the Maachah named in 1Ki_15:2 must have been to the Asa of 1Ki_15:10. It therefore appears to be a great error to make two persons of them, as is done by Calmet and others. The Abishalom who was the father of this Maachah is called Absalom in 2Ch_11:20-22, and is generally supposed by the Jews to have been Absalom, the son of David; which seems not improbable, seeing that Rehoboam's two other wives were of his father's family (2Ch_11:18). In 2Ch_13:2, she is called "Michaiah, the daughter of Uriel of Gibeah." But Josephus says that she was the daughter of Tamar, the daughter of Absalom (Ant. 8:10, 1), and consequently his granddaughter. This seems not unlikely, and in that case this Tamar must have been the wife of Uriel. SEE ABIJAI.
It would appear that Asa's own mother was dead before he began to reign; for Maachah bore the rank and state of queen-mother (resembling that of the sultaness Valide among the Turks), the powers of which she so much abused to the encouragement of idolatry, that Asa commenced his reforms by "removing her from being queen, because she had made an idol (lit. a fright) in a grove" (1Ki_15:10-13; 2Ch_15:16).
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
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