Myra

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I flow; pour out; weep
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary


MYRA was a city of Lycia situated 21/2 miles from the coast, but the same name is often applied to its harbour of Andriaca. In Greek times Patara surpassed it, but in Roman times Myra became the chief seaport of Lycia, and was recognized by Theodoslus as the capital. It grew especially through the Alexandrian corn-trade with Italy. The Alexandrian ships did not coast round the Levant, but took advantage of the steady west winds to cross direct between Lycia and Egypt. These winds made it easier for a ship sailing from Egypt to make for Myra, but a ship sailing to Egypt would be sailing more before the wind by taking a line from Patara. Doubtless this was the usual custom. In Act_27:6 we read that the centurion in charge of St. Paul found at Myra ‘a ship of Alexandria sailing to Italy’; whereas in Act_21:1 Samt. Paul took ship direct from Patara to Tyre (though the Bezan text makes this ship touch at Myra). Myra retained its importance into the Middle Ages. Its bishop in the time of Constantine was St. Nicolas, and he became the patron saint of sailors in the E. Mediterranean, doubtless taking the place of a Lycian god to whom the sailors paid their vows on landing at Myra. There are splendid ruins on the site of Myra.
A. E. Hillard.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909


A town in Lycia, where Paul was taken from the Adramyttian ship into the Alexandrian ship bound for Rome. Myra is due N. of Alexandria. Its harbor, Andriace, two miles off the city, is good. The mountains are conspicuous from afar, and the current sets westward; all good reasons for the Alexandrian ship taking Myra in its course. The wind from the N.W., as it impeded the Adramyttian ship, would also impede the Alexandrian (Act_27:4-7). A large Byzantine church in the gorge leading to the mountains testifies of the Christianity probably first introduced by Paul. The Turks call Myra Dembre, the Greeks Myra.
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.


My'ra. An important town in Lycia, on the southwest coast of Asia Minor, on the river Andriacus, 21 miles from its mouth referred to in Act_27:5. Myra, (named Dembra, by the Greeks), is remarkable still for its remains of various periods of history.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863


mı̄?ra (Μύρα, Múra): A city of the ancient country of Lycia about 2 1/2 miles from the coast. Here, according to Act_27:6, Paul found a grain ship from Alexandria. The city stood upon a hill formed by the openings of two valleys. At an early period Myra was of less importance than was the neighboring city Patara, yet later it became a prominent port for ships from Egypt and Cyprus, and Theodosius II made it the capital of the province. It was also famed as the seat of worship of an Asiatic deity whose name is no longer known. St. Nicholas, a bishop and the patron saint of sailors, is said to have been buried in a church on the road between Myra and Andraki, the port. Here an Arab fleet was destroyed in 807. In 808 Haroun al-Rashid, the renowned kalif of Bagdad, took the city, and here Saewulf landed on his return from Jerusalem. Dembre is the modern name of the ruins of Myra, which are among the most imposing in that part of Asia Minor. The elaborate details of the decoration of the theater are unusually well preserved, and the rock-hewn tombs about the city bear many bas-reliefs and inscriptions of interest. On the road to Andraki the monastery of St. Nicholas may still be seen.

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.


My?ra, one of the chief towns of Lycia, in Asia Minor. It lay about a league from the sea (in N. lat. 36? 18′; E. long. 30?), upon a rising ground, at the foot of which flowed a navigable river with an excellent harbor at its mouth. The town now lies desolate. When Paul was on his voyage from Cesarea to Rome, he and the other prisoners were landed here, and were re-embarked in a ship of Alexandria bound to Rome (Act_27:5).




The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.


Myra
(τὰ Μύρα), one of the chief towns of Lycia, in Asia Minor (Ptol. 5:3, 6). It is "interesting to us as the place where Paul, on his voyage to Rome (Act_27:5), was removed from the Adramyttian ship which had brought him from Csesarea, and entered the Alexandrian ship in which he was wrecked on the coast of Malta. SEE ADRAMYTIUM.
The travellers had availed themselves of the first of these vessels because their course to Italy necessarily took them past the coasts of the province of Proconsular Asia (Act_27:2), expecting in some harbor on these coasts to find another vessel bound to the westward. This expectation was fulfilled (Act_27:6). It might be asked how it happened that an Alexandrian ship bound for Italy was so far out of her course as to be at Myra. This question is easily answered by those who have some acquaintance with the navigation of the Levant. Myra is nearly due north of Alexandria, the harbors in the neighborhood are numerous and good, the mountains high and easily seen, and the current sets along the coast to the westward (Smith's Voyage and Shipwreck of St. Paul). Moreover, to say nothing of the possibility of landing or taking in passengers or goods, the wind was blowing about this time continuously and violently from the N.W., and the same weather which impeded the Adramyttian ship (Act_27:4) would be a hindrance to the Alexandrian (see Act_27:7; Conybeare and Howson, Life and Epistles of St. Paul, chapter 23). Some unimportant MSS. having Λύστρα in this passage, Grotius conjectured that the true reading might be Λίμυρα (Bentleii Crifica Sacra [ed. A. A. Ellis]). This supposition, though ingenious, is quite unnecessary. Both Limyra and Myra were well known among the maritime cities of Lycia. The harbor of the latter was strictly Andriace, distant from it between two and three miles, but the river was navigable to the city (Appian, B.C. 4:82)."
Myra lay about a league from the sea (in N. lat. 360 18', E. long. 30°), upon rising ground, at the foot of which flowed (a (navigable river with an excellent harbor (Andriace) at its mouth (Strabo, 14, page 665; Pliny, Hist. Nat. 32:8). In later times the emperor Theodosius raised it to the rank of the capital of Lycia (Hierocl. page 684). The town still exists, although in decay, and bears among the Greek inhabitants the ancient name of Myra; but the Turks call it Dembre (see Forbiger, Alte Geogr. 2:256). It is remarkable for its fine remains of antiquity (Leake, Asia Minor, page 183), which have been minutely described by Fellows (Discoveries in Lycia, page 169 sq.) and Texier (Descrip. de l'Asie Mineure; comp. Spratt and Forbes, Travels in Lycia, 1:131 sq.). "The tombs, enriched with ornament, and many of them having inscriptions in the ancient Lycian character, show that it must have been wealthy in early times. Its enormous theatre attests its considerable population in what may be called its Greek age. In the deep gorge which leads into the mountains is a large Byzantine church, a relic of the Christianity which may have begun with Paul's visit. It is reasonable to conjecture that this may have been a metropolitan church, inasmuch as Myra was the capital of the Roman province. In later times it was curiously called the port of the Adriatic, and visited by Anglo-Saxon travellers (Bohn's Early Travels in Palestine, pages 33, 138). Legend says that St. Nicholas, the patron saint of the modern Greek sailors, was born at Patara, and buried at Myra, and his supposed relics were taken to St. Petersburg by a Russian frigate during the Greek revolution." SEE ASIA MINOR.

CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.





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