Perga
VIEW:35 DATA:01-04-2020
very earthy
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
PERGA.An inland city of Pamphylia about 12 miles from Attalia on the coast, but possessing a river harbour of its own on the Cestrus 5 miles away. Its walls date from the 3rd century b.c. It was the chief native city of Pamphylia, and never seems to have come much under Greek influence, but it had a coinage of its own from the 2nd cent. b.c. to a.d. 276. Artemis of Perga was the chief object of worship, and she resembled Diana of the Ephesians in her rites and images, being sometimes represented like the Greek Artemis as goddess of the chase, but more often by a pillar of stone, the top of which was rounded or roughly carved to represent a head. Her worship was more Asiatic than Greek. Her temple probably possessed the right of sanctuary.
St. Paul passed through Perga twice on his first missionary journey. See Pamphylia. But Christianity did not take root there easily. Perga is not mentioned in early martyrologies. When the Empire became Christian, it was the seat of a metropolitan bishop, but after the blow suffered by the Byzantine Empire at the battle of Manzikert, a.d. 1071, Perga seems to have fallen into the hands of the Turks. In a.d. 1084 we find Attalia made a metropolitan bishopric, and it is the only bishopric in Pamphylia now. The modern name of the site of Perga is Murtana.
A. E. Hillard.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
On the river Cestrus, then navigable up to the city; in Pamphylia. (See PAMPHYLIA.) The scene of John Mark's deserting Paul. Its inhabitants retreat during the unhealthy summer heats up to the cool hollows (the Yailahs) in the Pisidian hills. Paul came in May when the passes would be cleared of snow, and would join a Pamphylian company on their way to the Pisidian heights (Act_13:13), and would return with them on his way from Antioch in Pisidia (Act_14:24-25). He and Barnabas preached here.
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
Per'ga. (earthy). A city of Pamphylia, Act_13:13, situated on the river Cestius, at a distance of 60 stadia, (7 1/2 miles), from its mouth, and celebrated in antiquity, for the worship of Artemis (Diana).
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
pûr?ga (Πέργη, Pérgē):
1. Location and History:
An important city of the ancient province of Pamphylia, situated on the river Cestris, 12 miles Northeast of Attalia. According to Act_13:13, Paul, Barnabas and John Mark visited the place on their first missionary journey, and 2 years later, according to Act_14:24, Act_14:25, they may have preached there. Though the water of the river Cestris has now been diverted to the fields for irrigating purposes, in ancient times the stream was navigable, and small boats from the sea might reach the city. It is uncertain how ancient Perga is; its walls, still standing, seem to come from the Seleucidan period or from the 3rd century BC. It remained in the possession of the Seleucid kings until 189 BC, when Roman influence became strong in Asia Minor. A long series of coins, beginning in the 2nd century BC, continued until 286 AD, and upon them Perga is mentioned as a metropolis. Though the city was never a stronghold of Christianity, it was the bishopric of Western Pamphylia, and several of the early Christians were martyred there. During the 8th century under Byzantine rule the city declined; in 1084 Attalia became the metropolis, and Perga rapidly fell to decay. While Attalia was the chief Greek and Christian city of Pamphylia, Perga was the seat of the local Asiatic goddess, who corresponded to Artemis or Diana of the Ephesians, and was locally known as Leto, or the queen of Perga. She is frequently represented on the coins as a huntress, with a bow in her hand, and with sphinxes or stags at her side.
2. The Ruins:
The ruins of Perga are now called Murtana. The walls, which are flanked with towers, show the city to have been quadrangular in shape. Very broad streets, running through the town, and intersecting each other, divided the city into quarters. The sides of the streets were covered with porticos, and along their centers were water channels in which a stream was always flowing. They were covered at short intervals by bridges. Upon the higher ground was the acropolis, where the earliest city was built, but in later times the city extended to the South of the hill, where one may see the greater part of the ruins. On the acropolis is the platform of a large structure with fragments of several granite columns, probably representing the temple of the goddess Leto; others regard it as the ruin of an early church. At the base of the acropolis are the ruins of an immense theater which seated 13,000 people, the agora, the baths and the stadium. Without the walls many tombs are to be seen.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Per?ga, a town of Pamphylia, in Asia Minor, situated upon the River Cestrus, sixty stades from its estuary. On a hill near the town stood a celebrated temple of Artemis, at which the inhabitants of the surrounding country held a yearly festival in honor of the goddess. Perga was originally the capital of Pamphylia; but when that province was divided into two, Side became the chief town of the first, and Perga of the second Pamphylia. The apostle Paul was twice at this place (Act_13:13; Act_14:25). In the first instance he seems to have landed at Perga, and the Cestrus was then, in fact, navigable to the town, although the entrance to the river is now impassable, having long been closed by a bar. The site has been established by Col. Leake, as that where extensive remains of vaulted and ruined buildings were observed by General K?hler on the Cestrus, west of Stavros. It is called by the Turks Eski-kalesi.
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
Perga
(Πέργη), an ancient and important city of Pamphylia, in Asia Minor, situated on the river Cestrus, at a distance of sixty stadia from its mouth (Strab. 14:667; Cic. Verr. 1:20; Plin. v. 26; Mela, 1:14; Ptol. v. 5, § 7). It was celebrated in antiquity for the worship of Artemis (Diaina), whose temple stood on a hill outside the town, and in whose honor annual festivals were celebrated (Callim. Hymn. in Dian. 187; Scylax, p. 39; Dion. Per. 854). The goddess and the temple are represented on the coins of Perga. Alexander the Great occupied Perga with a part of his army after quitting Phasaelis, between which two towns the road is described as long and difficult (Arrian, Anab. 1:26; comp. Polyb. v. 72; 22:25; Livy, 38:37). The Cestrus was navigable to Perga, and St. Paul landed here on his voyage from Paphos (Act_13:13). He visited the city a second time on his return from the interior of Pamphylia, and preached the Gospel there (Act_14:25). Perga was originally the capital of Pamphylia; but when that province was divided into two, Side became the chief town of the first, and Perga of the second Pamphylia. In the ecclesiastical notices, and in Hierocles (p. 679), Perga appears as the metropolis of Pamphylia (Stephlen of Byzant. s.v.; Eckhel, Docir. Num_1:3, p. 12). There are still extensive remains of Perga at a spot called by the Turks Eski-Kilesi (Leake, Asia Minor, p. 182; Fellows, Asia Minor, p. 190; Texier, Asie Minere, pl. 19; Conybeare and Howson, St. Paul, 1:160). SEE PAMPHYLIA.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
PERGA.An inland city of Pamphylia about 12 miles from Attalia on the coast, but possessing a river harbour of its own on the Cestrus 5 miles away. Its walls date from the 3rd century b.c. It was the chief native city of Pamphylia, and never seems to have come much under Greek influence, but it had a coinage of its own from the 2nd cent. b.c. to a.d. 276. Artemis of Perga was the chief object of worship, and she resembled Diana of the Ephesians in her rites and images, being sometimes represented like the Greek Artemis as goddess of the chase, but more often by a pillar of stone, the top of which was rounded or roughly carved to represent a head. Her worship was more Asiatic than Greek. Her temple probably possessed the right of sanctuary.
St. Paul passed through Perga twice on his first missionary journey. See Pamphylia. But Christianity did not take root there easily. Perga is not mentioned in early martyrologies. When the Empire became Christian, it was the seat of a metropolitan bishop, but after the blow suffered by the Byzantine Empire at the battle of Manzikert, a.d. 1071, Perga seems to have fallen into the hands of the Turks. In a.d. 1084 we find Attalia made a metropolitan bishopric, and it is the only bishopric in Pamphylia now. The modern name of the site of Perga is Murtana.
A. E. Hillard.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
On the river Cestrus, then navigable up to the city; in Pamphylia. (See PAMPHYLIA.) The scene of John Mark's deserting Paul. Its inhabitants retreat during the unhealthy summer heats up to the cool hollows (the Yailahs) in the Pisidian hills. Paul came in May when the passes would be cleared of snow, and would join a Pamphylian company on their way to the Pisidian heights (Act_13:13), and would return with them on his way from Antioch in Pisidia (Act_14:24-25). He and Barnabas preached here.
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
Per'ga. (earthy). A city of Pamphylia, Act_13:13, situated on the river Cestius, at a distance of 60 stadia, (7 1/2 miles), from its mouth, and celebrated in antiquity, for the worship of Artemis (Diana).
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
pûr?ga (Πέργη, Pérgē):
1. Location and History:
An important city of the ancient province of Pamphylia, situated on the river Cestris, 12 miles Northeast of Attalia. According to Act_13:13, Paul, Barnabas and John Mark visited the place on their first missionary journey, and 2 years later, according to Act_14:24, Act_14:25, they may have preached there. Though the water of the river Cestris has now been diverted to the fields for irrigating purposes, in ancient times the stream was navigable, and small boats from the sea might reach the city. It is uncertain how ancient Perga is; its walls, still standing, seem to come from the Seleucidan period or from the 3rd century BC. It remained in the possession of the Seleucid kings until 189 BC, when Roman influence became strong in Asia Minor. A long series of coins, beginning in the 2nd century BC, continued until 286 AD, and upon them Perga is mentioned as a metropolis. Though the city was never a stronghold of Christianity, it was the bishopric of Western Pamphylia, and several of the early Christians were martyred there. During the 8th century under Byzantine rule the city declined; in 1084 Attalia became the metropolis, and Perga rapidly fell to decay. While Attalia was the chief Greek and Christian city of Pamphylia, Perga was the seat of the local Asiatic goddess, who corresponded to Artemis or Diana of the Ephesians, and was locally known as Leto, or the queen of Perga. She is frequently represented on the coins as a huntress, with a bow in her hand, and with sphinxes or stags at her side.
2. The Ruins:
The ruins of Perga are now called Murtana. The walls, which are flanked with towers, show the city to have been quadrangular in shape. Very broad streets, running through the town, and intersecting each other, divided the city into quarters. The sides of the streets were covered with porticos, and along their centers were water channels in which a stream was always flowing. They were covered at short intervals by bridges. Upon the higher ground was the acropolis, where the earliest city was built, but in later times the city extended to the South of the hill, where one may see the greater part of the ruins. On the acropolis is the platform of a large structure with fragments of several granite columns, probably representing the temple of the goddess Leto; others regard it as the ruin of an early church. At the base of the acropolis are the ruins of an immense theater which seated 13,000 people, the agora, the baths and the stadium. Without the walls many tombs are to be seen.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Per?ga, a town of Pamphylia, in Asia Minor, situated upon the River Cestrus, sixty stades from its estuary. On a hill near the town stood a celebrated temple of Artemis, at which the inhabitants of the surrounding country held a yearly festival in honor of the goddess. Perga was originally the capital of Pamphylia; but when that province was divided into two, Side became the chief town of the first, and Perga of the second Pamphylia. The apostle Paul was twice at this place (Act_13:13; Act_14:25). In the first instance he seems to have landed at Perga, and the Cestrus was then, in fact, navigable to the town, although the entrance to the river is now impassable, having long been closed by a bar. The site has been established by Col. Leake, as that where extensive remains of vaulted and ruined buildings were observed by General K?hler on the Cestrus, west of Stavros. It is called by the Turks Eski-kalesi.
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
Perga
(Πέργη), an ancient and important city of Pamphylia, in Asia Minor, situated on the river Cestrus, at a distance of sixty stadia from its mouth (Strab. 14:667; Cic. Verr. 1:20; Plin. v. 26; Mela, 1:14; Ptol. v. 5, § 7). It was celebrated in antiquity for the worship of Artemis (Diaina), whose temple stood on a hill outside the town, and in whose honor annual festivals were celebrated (Callim. Hymn. in Dian. 187; Scylax, p. 39; Dion. Per. 854). The goddess and the temple are represented on the coins of Perga. Alexander the Great occupied Perga with a part of his army after quitting Phasaelis, between which two towns the road is described as long and difficult (Arrian, Anab. 1:26; comp. Polyb. v. 72; 22:25; Livy, 38:37). The Cestrus was navigable to Perga, and St. Paul landed here on his voyage from Paphos (Act_13:13). He visited the city a second time on his return from the interior of Pamphylia, and preached the Gospel there (Act_14:25). Perga was originally the capital of Pamphylia; but when that province was divided into two, Side became the chief town of the first, and Perga of the second Pamphylia. In the ecclesiastical notices, and in Hierocles (p. 679), Perga appears as the metropolis of Pamphylia (Stephlen of Byzant. s.v.; Eckhel, Docir. Num_1:3, p. 12). There are still extensive remains of Perga at a spot called by the Turks Eski-Kilesi (Leake, Asia Minor, p. 182; Fellows, Asia Minor, p. 190; Texier, Asie Minere, pl. 19; Conybeare and Howson, St. Paul, 1:160). SEE PAMPHYLIA.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
BUSCADAVERDADE
Visite o nosso canal youtube.com/buscadaverdade e se INSCREVA agora mesmo! Lá temos uma diversidade de temas interessantes sobre: Saúde, Receitas Saudáveis, Benefícios dos Alimentos, Benefícios das Vitaminas e Sais Minerais... Dê uma olhadinha, você vai gostar! E não se esqueça, dê o seu like e se INSCREVA! Clique abaixo e vá direto ao canal!
Saiba Mais
-
Nutrição
Vegetarianismo e a Vitamina B12 -
Receita
Como preparar a Proteína Vegetal Texturizada -
Arqueologia
Livro de Enoque é um livro profético?
Tags