Quaternion
VIEW:28 DATA:01-04-2020
QUATERNION.A guard of four soldiers (Act_12:4).
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
"A guard of four soldiers", two attached to the prisoner, two outside his cell door. Four quaternions took by turns the guard over Peter for the four night watches (Act_12:4).
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
Quaternion. A military term, signifying a guard of four soldiers, two of whom were attached to the person of a prisoner, while the other two kept watch, outside the door of his cell. Act_12:4.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
kwa-tûr?ni-un (τετράδιον, tetrádion): The name given to a company of four soldiers of Herod's army (Act_12:4). To four such companies Peter had been handed over, who would take their turn of acting as guard over the prisoner, each of the four watches of the night according to Roman reckoning, which Herod Agrippa I would follow. In the castle of Antonia Peter was thus closely secured, in order that Herod, who had already killed James, the brother of John, with the sword (Act_12:2), might, after the solemnities of the Passover, make sure of his death likewise. On the night before his intended execution he was sleeping in his cell between two soldiers, ?bound with two chains,? his left hand chained to one and his right to the other. The other two soldiers of the quaternion mounted guard before the door, and are spoken of as ?the first and the second guard? (Act_12:10) whom Peter and his angel guide had to pass on the way to liberty. The Greek word thus rendered is not found in the Septuagint or anywhere else in the New Testament.
.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Quarternion
Quarter?nion. A 'quaternion of soldiers' (Act_12:4) was a detachment of four men, which was the usual number of a Roman night-watch. Peter, therefore, was guarded by four soldiers, two within the prison, and two outside the doors; and as the watch was usually changed every three hours, it was necessary that the 'four quaternions' mentioned in the text should be appointed for the purpose.
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
Quaternion
(τετράδιον, a body of fl.bur). A quaternion of soldiers (Act_12:4) was a detachment of four men, which was the usual number of a Roman night-watch (Veget. De Re de Milit. iii, 8; Philo, 2 In Flacc. p. 98; Polyb. 6:33, 37). SEE SOLDIER. Peter, therefore, was guarded by four soldiers, two within the prison, probably attached to his person, and two outside the doors; and, as the watch was usually changed every three hours, it was necessary that the four quaternions mentioned in the text should be appointed for the purpose. SEE PRISON. Or one set of sentinels may have been posted at the door of the cell (which was probably thought to be so secure as not to require a guard within), and another at the outer or street gate (Walch, De Vinclis Petri, in his Dissert. ad loc.). SEE PETER.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
"A guard of four soldiers", two attached to the prisoner, two outside his cell door. Four quaternions took by turns the guard over Peter for the four night watches (Act_12:4).
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
Quaternion. A military term, signifying a guard of four soldiers, two of whom were attached to the person of a prisoner, while the other two kept watch, outside the door of his cell. Act_12:4.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
kwa-tûr?ni-un (τετράδιον, tetrádion): The name given to a company of four soldiers of Herod's army (Act_12:4). To four such companies Peter had been handed over, who would take their turn of acting as guard over the prisoner, each of the four watches of the night according to Roman reckoning, which Herod Agrippa I would follow. In the castle of Antonia Peter was thus closely secured, in order that Herod, who had already killed James, the brother of John, with the sword (Act_12:2), might, after the solemnities of the Passover, make sure of his death likewise. On the night before his intended execution he was sleeping in his cell between two soldiers, ?bound with two chains,? his left hand chained to one and his right to the other. The other two soldiers of the quaternion mounted guard before the door, and are spoken of as ?the first and the second guard? (Act_12:10) whom Peter and his angel guide had to pass on the way to liberty. The Greek word thus rendered is not found in the Septuagint or anywhere else in the New Testament.
.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Quarternion
Quarter?nion. A 'quaternion of soldiers' (Act_12:4) was a detachment of four men, which was the usual number of a Roman night-watch. Peter, therefore, was guarded by four soldiers, two within the prison, and two outside the doors; and as the watch was usually changed every three hours, it was necessary that the 'four quaternions' mentioned in the text should be appointed for the purpose.
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
Quaternion
(τετράδιον, a body of fl.bur). A quaternion of soldiers (Act_12:4) was a detachment of four men, which was the usual number of a Roman night-watch (Veget. De Re de Milit. iii, 8; Philo, 2 In Flacc. p. 98; Polyb. 6:33, 37). SEE SOLDIER. Peter, therefore, was guarded by four soldiers, two within the prison, probably attached to his person, and two outside the doors; and, as the watch was usually changed every three hours, it was necessary that the four quaternions mentioned in the text should be appointed for the purpose. SEE PRISON. Or one set of sentinels may have been posted at the door of the cell (which was probably thought to be so secure as not to require a guard within), and another at the outer or street gate (Walch, De Vinclis Petri, in his Dissert. ad loc.). SEE PETER.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
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