Sinim
VIEW:26 DATA:01-04-2020
south country
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
SINIM.The land of Sinim (Isa_49:12) must, from the context, have been in the extreme south or east of the known world. In the south, Sin (Pelusium, Eze_30:15 f.) and Syene (Eze_29:10; Eze_30:6) have been suggested. The latter is favoured by recent discoveries of papyri (cf. Seveneh). The LXX [Note: Septuagint.] favours the view that a country in the east was intended, and some modern commentators have identified Sinim with China, the land of the Sinæ.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
Isa_49:12. The people of southern China. An inland commercial route connected the extreme East with the West very early. (See SILK.) The Sinims and the Scythians interchanged commodities as the Chinese and Russians do now. Sinae was the name of the "Chinese traders". Their town was Thinae, one of the great emporiums in western China, now Thsiu or Tin in the province of Schensi. In the eighth century B.C. the Sinae became independent in western China, their princes reigning there for 650 years before they attained dominion over the whole land; in the third century B.C. the dynasty of Tsin (from whence came "China") became supreme over the empire. The Chinese "came from far," (distinct from "the N. and the W."), namely, from the far East, answering the requirements of Isa_49:12. The western part becoming first known to India, the name of this part was given to the whole. The Chinese seldom call themselves so, being in the habit of giving themselves high sounding titles, or else naming themselves from the reigning dynasty.
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
Si'nim. A people noticed in Isa_49:12, as living at the extremity of the known world. They may be identified with the classical Sinoe, the inhabitants of the southern part of China.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
Si?nim, a people whose country, 'land of Sinim,' is mentioned only in Isa_49:12, where the context implies a remote region, situated in the eastern or southern extremity of the earth. Many Biblical geographers think this may possibly denote the Sinese or Chinese, whose country is Sina, China. This view is not void of probability, but objections to it are obvious and considerable. Some, therefore, think that by the Sinim the inhabitants of Pelusium (Sin) are, by synecdoche, denoted for the Egyptians. But as the text seems to point to a region more distant, others have upheld the claims of the people of Syene, taken to represent the Ethiopians [SYENE].
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
(Heb. Sinim', סַינַי, prob. of foreign etymology; Sept. Πέρσαι; Vulg. australis), a people whose country (the land of Sinim) is noticed in Isa_49:12 as being at the extremity of the known world, either in the south or east. The majority of the early interpreters adopted the former view, but the Sept., in giving Persians, favors the latter, and the weight of modern authority is thrown into the same scale, the name being identified by Gesenius, Hitzig, Knobel, and others with the classical Sinoe, the inhabitants of the southern part of China. No locality in the south equally commends itself to the judgment. Sin, the classical Pelusium, which Bochart (Phaleg, 4, 27) suggests, is too near, and Syene (Michaelis, Spicil. 2, 32) would have been given in its well known Hebrew form.
There is no a priori improbability in the name of the Sinae being known to the inhabitants of Western Asia in the age of Isaiah; for though it is not mentioned by the Greek geographers until the age of Ptolemy, it is certain that an inland commercial route connected the extreme east with the west at a very early period, and that a traffic was maintained on the frontier of China between the Sinae and the Scythians, in the manner still followed by the Chinese and the Russians at Kiachta. If any name for these Chinese traders traveled westward, it would probably be that of the Sinae, whose town Thinae (another form of the Sinae) was one of the great emporiums in the western part of China, and is represented by the modern Tsin or Tin, in the province of Shensi. The Sinae attained an independent position in Western China as early as the 8th century B.C., and in the 3d century B.C. established their sway under the dynasty of Tsin over the whole of the empire. The Rabbinical name of China, Tsin, as well as China itself, was derived from this dynasty (Gesenius, Thesaur. s.v.). This ancient people were known to the Arabians by the name of Sin, and to the Syrians by that of Tsini; and a Hebrew writer may well have heard of them, especially if sojourning at Babylon, the metropolis, as it were, of all Asia. This name appears to have been given to the Chinese by other Asiatics; for the Chinese themselves, though not unacquainted with it, do not employ it, either adopting the names of the reigning dynasties, or ostentatiously assuming high sounding titles, e.g. Tchungkue, central empire. But when the name was thus given by other nations, and whence it was derived, is uncertain. The opinion of those writers is possibly correct Who suppose that the name, סיני, Sineses, came from the fourth dynasty, called Tshin, which held the throne from B.C. 249 to 206 (Du Halde, Descript. de la Chine,1, 1, 306; A. Rdmusat, Nouv. MAlanges Asiatiques, 2, 334 sq.; Klaproth, Journ. Asiat. 10, 53 sq.). A people called Tshinas are spoken of in the laws of Menu, and the name of this dynasty may have been known among foreign nations long before it acquired the sovereign power over all China. See the Zeitschr. fur wissensch. Theol. 1863, vol. 4. SEE CHINA.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
SINIM.The land of Sinim (Isa_49:12) must, from the context, have been in the extreme south or east of the known world. In the south, Sin (Pelusium, Eze_30:15 f.) and Syene (Eze_29:10; Eze_30:6) have been suggested. The latter is favoured by recent discoveries of papyri (cf. Seveneh). The LXX [Note: Septuagint.] favours the view that a country in the east was intended, and some modern commentators have identified Sinim with China, the land of the Sinæ.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
Isa_49:12. The people of southern China. An inland commercial route connected the extreme East with the West very early. (See SILK.) The Sinims and the Scythians interchanged commodities as the Chinese and Russians do now. Sinae was the name of the "Chinese traders". Their town was Thinae, one of the great emporiums in western China, now Thsiu or Tin in the province of Schensi. In the eighth century B.C. the Sinae became independent in western China, their princes reigning there for 650 years before they attained dominion over the whole land; in the third century B.C. the dynasty of Tsin (from whence came "China") became supreme over the empire. The Chinese "came from far," (distinct from "the N. and the W."), namely, from the far East, answering the requirements of Isa_49:12. The western part becoming first known to India, the name of this part was given to the whole. The Chinese seldom call themselves so, being in the habit of giving themselves high sounding titles, or else naming themselves from the reigning dynasty.
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
Si'nim. A people noticed in Isa_49:12, as living at the extremity of the known world. They may be identified with the classical Sinoe, the inhabitants of the southern part of China.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
Si?nim, a people whose country, 'land of Sinim,' is mentioned only in Isa_49:12, where the context implies a remote region, situated in the eastern or southern extremity of the earth. Many Biblical geographers think this may possibly denote the Sinese or Chinese, whose country is Sina, China. This view is not void of probability, but objections to it are obvious and considerable. Some, therefore, think that by the Sinim the inhabitants of Pelusium (Sin) are, by synecdoche, denoted for the Egyptians. But as the text seems to point to a region more distant, others have upheld the claims of the people of Syene, taken to represent the Ethiopians [SYENE].
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
(Heb. Sinim', סַינַי, prob. of foreign etymology; Sept. Πέρσαι; Vulg. australis), a people whose country (the land of Sinim) is noticed in Isa_49:12 as being at the extremity of the known world, either in the south or east. The majority of the early interpreters adopted the former view, but the Sept., in giving Persians, favors the latter, and the weight of modern authority is thrown into the same scale, the name being identified by Gesenius, Hitzig, Knobel, and others with the classical Sinoe, the inhabitants of the southern part of China. No locality in the south equally commends itself to the judgment. Sin, the classical Pelusium, which Bochart (Phaleg, 4, 27) suggests, is too near, and Syene (Michaelis, Spicil. 2, 32) would have been given in its well known Hebrew form.
There is no a priori improbability in the name of the Sinae being known to the inhabitants of Western Asia in the age of Isaiah; for though it is not mentioned by the Greek geographers until the age of Ptolemy, it is certain that an inland commercial route connected the extreme east with the west at a very early period, and that a traffic was maintained on the frontier of China between the Sinae and the Scythians, in the manner still followed by the Chinese and the Russians at Kiachta. If any name for these Chinese traders traveled westward, it would probably be that of the Sinae, whose town Thinae (another form of the Sinae) was one of the great emporiums in the western part of China, and is represented by the modern Tsin or Tin, in the province of Shensi. The Sinae attained an independent position in Western China as early as the 8th century B.C., and in the 3d century B.C. established their sway under the dynasty of Tsin over the whole of the empire. The Rabbinical name of China, Tsin, as well as China itself, was derived from this dynasty (Gesenius, Thesaur. s.v.). This ancient people were known to the Arabians by the name of Sin, and to the Syrians by that of Tsini; and a Hebrew writer may well have heard of them, especially if sojourning at Babylon, the metropolis, as it were, of all Asia. This name appears to have been given to the Chinese by other Asiatics; for the Chinese themselves, though not unacquainted with it, do not employ it, either adopting the names of the reigning dynasties, or ostentatiously assuming high sounding titles, e.g. Tchungkue, central empire. But when the name was thus given by other nations, and whence it was derived, is uncertain. The opinion of those writers is possibly correct Who suppose that the name, סיני, Sineses, came from the fourth dynasty, called Tshin, which held the throne from B.C. 249 to 206 (Du Halde, Descript. de la Chine,1, 1, 306; A. Rdmusat, Nouv. MAlanges Asiatiques, 2, 334 sq.; Klaproth, Journ. Asiat. 10, 53 sq.). A people called Tshinas are spoken of in the laws of Menu, and the name of this dynasty may have been known among foreign nations long before it acquired the sovereign power over all China. See the Zeitschr. fur wissensch. Theol. 1863, vol. 4. SEE CHINA.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
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