Asaph

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who gathers together
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary


ASAPH (‘gatherer’).—1. The father of Joah, the ‘recorder’ or chronicler at the court of Hezekiah (2Ki_18:18; 2Ki_18:37 etc.). 2. The ‘keeper of the king’s forest,’ to whom king Artaxerxes addressed a letter directing him to supply Nehemiah with timber (Neh_2:8). 3. A Korahite (1Ch_26:1), same as Abiasaph (wh. see). 4. The eponym of one of the three guilds which conducted the musical services of the Temple in the time of the Chronicler (1Ch_15:16 f., etc.). The latter traces this arrangement to the appointment of David, in whose reign Asaph, who is called ‘the seer’ (2Ch_29:30), is supposed to have lived. At first the Asaphites alone seemed to have formed the Temple choir, and in the time of Ezra and Nehemiah (wherever we have the memoirs of the latter in their original form) they are not yet reckoned among the Levites. At a later period they share the musical service with the ‘sons of Korah’ (see Korahites). Psa_50:1-23; Psa_73:1-28; Psa_74:1-23; Psa_75:1-10; Psa_76:1-12; Psa_77:1-20; Psa_78:1-72; Psa_79:1-13; Psa_80:1-19; Psa_81:1-16; Psa_82:1-8; Psa_83:1-18 have the superscription le-Asaph, which means in all probability that they once belonged to the hymn-book of the Asaphite choir (see Psalms).
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909


("assembler".)
1. A Levite, son of Berachiah; one of David's choir leaders (1Ch_6:39). An inspired seer, as well as a composer of music (2Ch_29:30; Neh_12:46). "The sons of Asaph" were poets and musical composers of the school founded by him; as Heman and Jeduthun also were heads of schools of sacred inspired music. 1Ch_25:1; 2Ch_20:14; Ezr_2:41; Psalm 50; 73; 83, are all attributed to his authorship; but 83, celebrates the victory of Jehoshaphat long after Asaph's time, therefore "Asaph" in this psalm's title must mean "one of the school of Asaph."
2. 2Ki_18:18; 2Ki_18:37.
3. Neh_2:8.
4. Neh_11:17.
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.


A'saph. (collector of the people).
1. A Levite, son of Berechiah, one of the leaders of David's choir. 1Ch_6:39. Psalms 50 and 73-83 are attributed to him; and he was, in after times, celebrated as a seer as well as a musical composer. 2Ch_29:30; Neh_12:46. (B.C. 1050).
2. The father or ancestor of Joah, the chronicler to the kingdom of Judah in the reign of Hezekiah, 2Ki_18:18; 2Ki_18:37; Isa_36:3; Isa_36:22, probably the same as Asaph, 1.
3. The keeper of the royal forest or "paradise" of Artaxerxes, Neh_2:8, a Jew, in high office at the court of Persia. (B.C. 536).
4. Ancestor of Mattaniah, the conductor of the Temple-choir after the return from Babylon. 1Ch_9:16; Neh_11:17. Most probably the same as Asaph, 1 and 2.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863


a celebrated musician in the time of David, was the son of Barachias of the tribe of Levi. Asaph, and also his descendants, presided over the musical band in the service of the temple. Several of the psalms, as the fiftieth, the seventy-third to the eighty-third, have the name of Asaph prefixed; but it is not certain whether the words or the music were composed by him. With regard to some of them, which were written during the Babylonish captivity, they cannot in any respect be ascribed to him. Perhaps they were written or set to music by his descendants, who bore his name, or by some of that class of musicians of which the family of Asaph was the head, 1Ch_6:39; 2Ch_29:30; 2Ch_35:15; Neh_12:46. The psalms which bear the name of Asaph are doctrinal or preceptive: their style, though less sweet than that of David, is more vehement, and little inferior to the grandeur of Isaiah.
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.


ā?saf (אסף, 'āṣāph): Is the name of three men in the Old Testament, of whom one is the reputed author of Psalms 50 and 73 through 83. He was one of David's three chief musicians, the other two being Heman, and Ethan or Jeduthun, and we first hear of him when the ark was taken to Jerusalem (1Ch_15:16-19). He conducted with cymbals the music performed in the tent where the ark was housed (1Ch_16:4, 1Ch_16:5, 1Ch_16:7, 1Ch_16:37), while his two coadjutors discharged the same office at Gibeon (1Ch_16:41, 1Ch_16:42). In 1Ch_25:1 we are told that four of his sons were appointed to conduct under him detachments of the great chorus, the families of Heman and Jeduthun also furnishing leaders, and all took part at the dedication of the temple (2Ch_5:12). A., H., and J. were called the king's seers (1 Ch 25; 2Ch_35:15), no doubt an official title of rank or dignity. The ?Sons of Asaph? are mentioned in later times. They formed a guild, and played a prominent part at each revival of the national religion. See MUSIC; PSALMS.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.


A?saph (assembler), a Levite, son of Barachias (1Ch_6:39; 1Ch_15:17), eminent as a musician, and appointed by David to preside over the sacred choral services which he organized. The 'sons of Asaph' are afterwards mentioned as choristers of the temple (1Ch_25:1-2; 2Ch_20:14; 2Ch_29:13; Ezr_2:41; Ezr_3:10; Neh_7:44; Neh_11:22): and this office appears to have been made hereditary in his family (1Ch_25:1-2). Asaph was celebrated in after times as a prophet and poet (2Ch_29:30; Neh_12:46), and the titles of twelve of the Psalms (Psalms 73-83) bear his name. The merits of this appropriation are elsewhere examined [PSALMS, BOOK OF].
There were two other persons named Asaph: one who occupied the distinguished post of 'recorder' to king Hezekiah (2Ki_18:18; Isa_36:3); another who was keeper of the royal forests under Artaxerxes (Neh_2:8).
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.


Asaph
(Heb. Asaph', אָסָŠ, assembler; Sept. Α᾿σάφ), the names of three persons. SEE EBIASAPH.
1. A Levite of the family of Gershom (see below), son of Barachiah (1Ch_6:39; 1Ch_15:17), eminent as a musician, and appointed by David to preside over the sacred choral services which he organized (1Ch_16:5), B.C. 1014. The "sons of Asaph" are afterward mentioned as choristers. of the Temple (1Ch_25:1-2; 2Ch_20:14; 2Ch_29:13; Ezr_2:41; Ezr_3:10; Neh_7:44; Neh_11:22); and this office appears to have been made hereditary in his family (1Ch_25:1-2). Asaph was celebrated in after times as a prophet (הֹזֶה, seer) and poet (2Ch_29:30; Neh_12:46), and the titles of twelve of the Psalms (50, 73, to 83) bear his name, in some of which he evidently stands (as a patronymic, Neh_11:17) for the Levites generally (see Huetii Demonstr. ev. p. 332; Bertholdt, v, 1956; Herder, Ebr. Poesie, ii, 331; comp. Niemeyer, Charakterist. 4:356 sq.; Carpzov, Introd. 103 sq.; Eichhorn, Einl. v, 17 sq.); or he may have been the founder of a school of poets and musical composers, who were called after him " the sons of Asaph" (comp. the Homeridae). SEE PSALMS. The following is his ancestry (see Reinhard, De Asapho, Vien. 1742).

Name
1 Chronicles 6
1 Chronicles 6
Born, cir. B.C.
Levi
1
16
1917
Gershom
20
43
1860?
Libni
20
17
1805?
Jahath
20
43
1750?
Shimei

42
1695?
Zimmah
20
42
1640?
Joah
21


or Ethan

42
1585?
Adaiah

41

or Iddo
21

1530?
Zerah
21
41
1475?
Ethni

41

or Jeaterai
21

1420?
Malchiah

40
1365?
Baaseiah

40
1310?
Michael

40
1255?
Shimea

39
1200?
Berachiah

39
1145?
Asaph

39
1090?

2. The "father" of Joah, which latter was "recorder" in the time of Hezekiah (2Ki_18:18; 2Ki_18:37; Isa_36:3; Isa_36:22). B.C. ante 726. Perhaps i. q. No. 1. 3. A "keeper of the king's forests" (prob. in Lebanon), to whom Nehemiah requested of Artaxerxes Longimanus an order for timber to rebuild the Temple at Jerusalem (Neh_2:8). B.C. 446.



CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.





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