Adoniram
VIEW:16 DATA:01-04-2020
my Lord is most high; Lord of might and elevation
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
Son of Abda; over the tribute for about 47 years under David, Solomon, and Rehoboam; also over Solomon's levy of 30,000 sent by ten thousands monthly to cut timber in Lebanon (1Ki_4:6). Contracted into ADORAM (2Sa_20:24) and HADORAM. Stoned by the people of Israel when sent by Rehoboam to collect the tribute which had been their chief ground of complaint against the king (1Ki_12:18; 2Ch_10:18).
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
Adoni'ram. (lord of heights). 1Ki_4:6. By an unusual contraction, Adoram, 2Sa_20:24; 1Ki_12:18, also Hadoram, 2Ch_10:18, chief receiver of the tribute during the reigns of David, 2Sa_20:24, Solomon, 1Ki_4:6, and Rehoboam. 1Ki_12:18. This last monarch sent him to collect the tribute from the rebellious Israelites, by whom he was stoned to death, (B.C. 1014-973).
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
ad-ō-nı̄?ram (אדניום, 'ădhōnı̄rām, ?my lord is exalted?): An official of Solomon (1Ki_4:6; 1Ki_5:14). Near the close of the reign of David, and at the opening of the reign of Rehoboam, the same office was held by Adoram (2Sa_20:24; 1Ki_12:18). The name Adoram seems to be a contraction of Adoniram, and doubtless the same person held the office in all the three reigns. The name also appears as Hadoram (2Ch_10:18). In the King James Version and the Revised Version (British and American) the office is variantly described as ?over the tribute,? which is misleading, and ?over the levy,? which is correct, though obscure. In the American Standard Revised Version it is uniformly ?over the men subject to taskwork.? Adoniram was at the head of the department of forced labor for the government. The record is to the effect that peoples conquered by Israel, except the Canaanites, were to be spared, subject to the obligation to forced labor on the public works (Deu_20:11); that this law was actually extended to the Canaanites (Jos_16:10; Jos_17:13; Jdg_1:28); that David, in his preparations for the temple, organized and handed over to Solomon a service of forced labor (1Ch_22:2, 1Ch_22:15, etc.); that under Solomon this service was elaborately maintained (1Ki_5:13; 1Ki_9:15; 2Ch_8:7). It was not for the temple only, but for all Solomon's numerous building enterprises. In theory men of Israelite blood were free from this burden, but practically they found it a burden and a grievance. At the accession of Rehoboam they protested against it (1 Ki 12; 2 Ch 10). Nothing in the account is more indicative of Rehoboam's utter lack of good judgment than his sending his veteran superintendent of the forced labor department to confer with the people. The murder of Adoniram, and the ignominious flight of Rehoboam, were natural consequences.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Adoni?ram (lord of height, that is, high lord) 1Ki_4:6. This name is exhibited in the contracted form of Adoram in 2Sa_20:24; 1Ki_12:18; and of Hadoram in 2Ch_10:18.
Adoniram, 1
Adoniram or Hadoram, son of Toi, king of Hamath, who was sent by his father to congratulate David on his victory over their common enemy Hadarezer, king of Syria (1Ch_18:10). This prince is called Joram in 2Sa_8:10.
Adoniram, 2
A person of this name is mentioned as receiver-general of the imposts in the reigns of David, Solomon, and Rehoboam. Only one incident is recorded in connection with this person when the ten tribes seceded from the house of David, and made Jeroboam king, Rehoboam sent Adoniram among them, for the purpose, we may presume, of collecting the usual imposts, which had become very heavy. Perhaps he had been rigid in his invidious office under Solomon: at all events the collector of the imposts which had occasioned the revolt was not the person whose presence was the most likely to soothe the exasperated passions of the people. They rose upon him, and stoned him till he died (1Ki_12:18).
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
Son of Abda; over the tribute for about 47 years under David, Solomon, and Rehoboam; also over Solomon's levy of 30,000 sent by ten thousands monthly to cut timber in Lebanon (1Ki_4:6). Contracted into ADORAM (2Sa_20:24) and HADORAM. Stoned by the people of Israel when sent by Rehoboam to collect the tribute which had been their chief ground of complaint against the king (1Ki_12:18; 2Ch_10:18).
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
Adoni'ram. (lord of heights). 1Ki_4:6. By an unusual contraction, Adoram, 2Sa_20:24; 1Ki_12:18, also Hadoram, 2Ch_10:18, chief receiver of the tribute during the reigns of David, 2Sa_20:24, Solomon, 1Ki_4:6, and Rehoboam. 1Ki_12:18. This last monarch sent him to collect the tribute from the rebellious Israelites, by whom he was stoned to death, (B.C. 1014-973).
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
ad-ō-nı̄?ram (אדניום, 'ădhōnı̄rām, ?my lord is exalted?): An official of Solomon (1Ki_4:6; 1Ki_5:14). Near the close of the reign of David, and at the opening of the reign of Rehoboam, the same office was held by Adoram (2Sa_20:24; 1Ki_12:18). The name Adoram seems to be a contraction of Adoniram, and doubtless the same person held the office in all the three reigns. The name also appears as Hadoram (2Ch_10:18). In the King James Version and the Revised Version (British and American) the office is variantly described as ?over the tribute,? which is misleading, and ?over the levy,? which is correct, though obscure. In the American Standard Revised Version it is uniformly ?over the men subject to taskwork.? Adoniram was at the head of the department of forced labor for the government. The record is to the effect that peoples conquered by Israel, except the Canaanites, were to be spared, subject to the obligation to forced labor on the public works (Deu_20:11); that this law was actually extended to the Canaanites (Jos_16:10; Jos_17:13; Jdg_1:28); that David, in his preparations for the temple, organized and handed over to Solomon a service of forced labor (1Ch_22:2, 1Ch_22:15, etc.); that under Solomon this service was elaborately maintained (1Ki_5:13; 1Ki_9:15; 2Ch_8:7). It was not for the temple only, but for all Solomon's numerous building enterprises. In theory men of Israelite blood were free from this burden, but practically they found it a burden and a grievance. At the accession of Rehoboam they protested against it (1 Ki 12; 2 Ch 10). Nothing in the account is more indicative of Rehoboam's utter lack of good judgment than his sending his veteran superintendent of the forced labor department to confer with the people. The murder of Adoniram, and the ignominious flight of Rehoboam, were natural consequences.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Adoni?ram (lord of height, that is, high lord) 1Ki_4:6. This name is exhibited in the contracted form of Adoram in 2Sa_20:24; 1Ki_12:18; and of Hadoram in 2Ch_10:18.
Adoniram, 1
Adoniram or Hadoram, son of Toi, king of Hamath, who was sent by his father to congratulate David on his victory over their common enemy Hadarezer, king of Syria (1Ch_18:10). This prince is called Joram in 2Sa_8:10.
Adoniram, 2
A person of this name is mentioned as receiver-general of the imposts in the reigns of David, Solomon, and Rehoboam. Only one incident is recorded in connection with this person when the ten tribes seceded from the house of David, and made Jeroboam king, Rehoboam sent Adoniram among them, for the purpose, we may presume, of collecting the usual imposts, which had become very heavy. Perhaps he had been rigid in his invidious office under Solomon: at all events the collector of the imposts which had occasioned the revolt was not the person whose presence was the most likely to soothe the exasperated passions of the people. They rose upon him, and stoned him till he died (1Ki_12:18).
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
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