Ammon
VIEW:22 DATA:01-04-2020
a people; the son of my people
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
God of air wind sun reincarnation war Egypt
Gods and Goddess Reference
A nation sprung from Ben-ammi, Lot's son by his younger daughter (Gen_19:38; Psa_83:7-8), as Moab by his elder, after Lot escaped from Sodom. Ammon and Moab appear continually together; both are said to have hired Balaam (Deu_13:4), though Moab alone is mentioned in the detailed account (Numbers 22; 23). The land from Arnon river to Jabbok is assigned to both (Jdg_11:12-18; Jdg_11:25). The Israelites dispossessed the Amorites of land which afterward Ammon occupied, between Arnon and Jabbok, but did not, as Jephthah reasons, dispossess Ammon of it, though now claiming it as theirs (Num_21:24; Num_21:26; Num_21:29). Ammon destroyed the aboriginal Rephaim or giants, named Zamzummim, and occupied their land, Jabbok being their boundary (Deu_2:20-21; Deu_2:37).
Moab was probably the more civilized half of Lot's descendants; whence we read of the plentiful fields, hay, summer fruits, vineyards, presses, songs of the grape treaders, of Moab (Isaiah 15; 16; Jeremiah 48): Ammon the more fierce, plundering, Bedouin-like half; whence we read of their threat of thrusting out the right eye of all in Jabesh Gilead (1Sa_11:2), ripping up pregnant women in Gilead (Amo_1:13), treacherously murdering, as Ishmael, Baalis' agent, did (Jer_40:14; Jer_41:5-7), suspecting and insulting their ally David to their own ruin (2Sa_10:1-5; 2Sa_12:31). Ammon's one stronghold, Rabbah, "the city of: waters" (20 cities are mentioned Jdg_11:33, perhaps some Moabite cities), forms a contrast to Moab's numerous towns with their "high places" (Jeremiah 48); their idol, Moloch, accordingly they worshipped in a tent, the token of nomad life, not a fixed temple or high place, such as was appropriated to the god of the more settled people Moab (Amo_5:26; Act_7:43).
They crossed Jordan and seized Jericho for a time (Jdg_3:13). Chephar-ha-Ammonai (the hamlet of the Ammonites), in Benjamin, at the head of the passes from the Jordan westward, marks their having temporarily been in that region. Their unwillingness to help Israel, and their joining Moab in hiring Balaam (Deu_23:2; Deu_23:46; Neh_13:2), caused their exclusion (like that of a bastard) from the Lord's congregation for ten generations; whereas Edom, who had not hired him, was only excluded for three. The exclusion was from full Israelite citizenship, not from the spiritual privileges of the covenant, if they became proselytes. Previously to David, Jephthah and Saul had sorely punished them (Jdg_11:33; 1Sa_11:11; 1Sa_14:47).
Ammon joined with Moab in the expedition for uprooting Judah from its possession, in Jehoshaphat's reign (2 Chronicles 20; Psa_83:3-7). So utterly were the confederates routed that the Jews spent three days in gathering the spoil. They had to bring gifts to Uzziah (2Ch_26:8). Jotham reduced them to pay 100 talents of silver, 10,000 measures of wheat, and 10,000 of barley. Ammon seized on the cities of Gad from which Tiglath Pileser had carried the Israelites (Jer_49:1-6; Zep_2:8-9). On the return from Jerusalem Tobiah, an Ammonite, joined with Sanballat, of Horonaim of Moab, in opposing Nehemiah's restoration of the city walls (Neh_2:10; Neh_2:19).
Naamah, Solomon's wife, mother of Rehoboam, was an Ammonite. Their idol, Moloch, appears also under the varied form Milcom and Malcham, as the Hebrew for "their king" may be rendered. Compare Zep_1:5; 2Sa_12:30. Solomon's Ammonite wives seduced him to rear an altar to this "abomination," to his own hurt (Jer_49:1; Jer_49:3). Nahash, perhaps a common title of their kings, means a serpent. Shobi, the son of David's friend, followed his father's rather than Hanun his brother's steps, showing kindness to David in adversity (2Sa_17:27).
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
Am'mon. (sons of renown, mountaineers). See Ammonites, The.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
or HAMMON, or JUPITER-AMMON, an epithet given to Jupiter in Lybia, where was a celebrated temple of that deity under the denomination of Jupiter Ammon, which was visited by Alexander the Great.
The word Amoun, which imports shining, according to Jablonski, denoted the effects produced by the sun on attaining the equator, such as the increase of the days; a more splendid light; and above all, the fortunate presage of the inundation of the Nile, and its consequent abundance.
Ammon is by others derived from Ham, the son of Noah, who first peopled Egypt and Lybia, after the flood; and, when idolatry began to gain ground soon after this period, became the chief deity of those two countries, in which his descendants continued. A temple, it is said, was built to his honour, in the midst of the sandy deserts of Lybia, upon a spot of good ground, about two leagues broad, which formed a kind of island or oasis in a sea of sand. He was esteemed the Zeus of Greece, and the Jupiter of Latium, as well as the Ammon of the Egyptians. In process of time, these two names were joined; and he was called Jupiter Ammon. For this reason the city of Ammon, No-ammon, or the city of Ham, was called by the Greeks Diospolis, or the city of Jupiter. Plutarch says, that of all the Egyptian deities which seemed to have any correspondence with the Zeus of Greece, Amon or Ammon was the most peculiar and appropriate. From Egypt his name and worship were brought into Greece; as indeed were almost all the names of all the deities that were there worshipped. Jupiter Ammon, or the Egyptian Jupiter, was usually represented under the figure of a ram; though in some medals he appears of a human shape, having only two ram's horns growing out beneath his ears. The Egyptians, says Proclus, in the Timaeus of Plato, had a singular veneration for the ram, because the image of Ammon bore its head, and because this first sign of the zodiac was the presage of the fruits of the earth. Eusebius adds, that this symbol marked the conjunction of the sun and moon in the sign of the ram.
2. AMMON, or BEN-AMMI the son of Lot, by his youngest daughter, Gen_19:38. He was the father of the Ammonites, and dwelt on the east side of the Dead Sea, in the mountains of Gilead.
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.
In the tableland region east of the Jordan River were the sister nations of Ammon and Moab. They were descended from the two daughters of Lot, and therefore were related to Israel (Gen_19:36-38). The chief city of Ammon was Rabbah, or Rabbath-Ammon (now known as Amman, capital of the present-day nation of Jordan) (Deu_3:11; 2Sa_12:26). The national god of Ammon was Molech, or Milcom (1Ki_11:5; 1Ki_11:7; see MOLECH).
National history
Ammon was a well watered region to the east of the Jordan River, with a number of streams that flowed through deep gorges into the Jordan. The most important of these streams was the Jabbok.
In the days before Israels migration to Canaan, the Ammonites were pushed further east, away from the Jordan, by the Amorites. The Amorites overran all the land bordering the Jordan, from Bashan in the north to the Dead Sea in the south. Israel in turn conquered the Amorites, took the land for itself and divided it among the tribes of Reuben, Gad and half of Manasseh (Num_21:13; Num_21:24-26; Num_21:32-35; Num_32:1-5; Jos_13:8-12).
God approved of the Israelites conquest of this territory, for they had taken it not from the Ammonites, who were related to them, but from the Amorites, who were under Gods judgment (Deu_2:17-19; Deu_2:37; Deu_3:1-11; Jdg_11:12-23; see AMORITES). Therefore, when the Ammonites tried to repossess the area during the time of the judges, God used Jephthah to drive them out (Jdg_10:6-9; Jdg_11:32-33).
With the changes that accompanied Sauls appointment as Israels first king, the Ammonites seized the opportunity to invade Israels eastern territory once more; but they were soon driven out (1Sa_11:1-11). There were good relations between Ammon and Israel for much of Davids reign, but when a new Ammonite king became aggressive, Davids army drove the attackers back (2Sa_10:1-14). When there was another attack the next year, David invaded Ammon, captured Rabbah, took control of the nation and forced the Ammonite people to work for Israel (2Sa_11:1; 2Sa_12:26-31).
Davids successor, Solomon, took Ammonite women into his harem and worshipped the gods they brought with them (1Ki_11:1; 1Ki_11:5; 1Ki_11:7; 1Ki_11:33). Solomons son and successor, Rehoboam, was half-Ammonite, being the son of one of Solomons Ammonite wives (1Ki_14:21).
Ammon had repeated conflicts with Israel and Judah over the next two hundred years (2Ch_20:10-11; 2Ch_26:8; 2Ch_27:5). When Assyria conquered Israel and took its people into captivity (722 BC), Ammon again took the opportunity to seize some of Israels eastern territory. But the Ammonites violence, cruelty and arrogance were inexcusable, and Gods prophets assured them of a fitting punishment (Jer_49:1-6; Amo_1:13-15; Zep_2:8-11). The Ammonites also joined the attackers to help with the final destruction of Judah, but their treachery only made their own destruction more certain (2Ki_24:1-2; Jer_40:13-14; Jer_41:1-3; Jer_41:10; Eze_25:1-7).
As a result of conquests, first by Babylon and then by Persia, the nation of Ammon ceased to exist. Individual Ammonites continued to be a source of trouble to the Jews (Neh_2:10; Neh_4:7-9), but eventually the separate racial identity of the Ammonites disappeared.
Bridgeway Bible Dictionary by Don Fleming
PRINTER 1990.
Am?mon [THEBES]
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
Ammon
(Heb., Ammon', עִמּוֹן, another form of the name Ben-Ammi; Sept. Α᾿μμάν), the son of Lot by his younger daughter (Gen_19:38), B.C. 2063. SEE BEN-AMMI. It also stands for his posterity (comp. Psa_83:7-8), usually in the phrase children of Ammon. SEE AMMONITE. The expression most commonly employed for this nation is (in the original) Bene-Ammon; next in frequency comes Ammoni or Ammonim; and least often Ammon. The translators of the Auth. Vers. have, as usual, neglected these minute differences, and have employed the three terms, children of Ammon, Ammonites, Ammon, indiscriminately. For No- Ammon, SEE AMON, and SEE NO. The name is perpetuated in the modern ruins called Amman, which represent RABBAH-AMMON SEE RABBAH-AMMON (q.v.).
Ammon
is likewise the name of another Egyptian of the same century, a bishop, to whom St. Athanasius addressed his Letter on Chastity.
Ammon
is the name of several other saints:
(1) commemorated in the Hoieronymian martyrology on Feb. 7;
(2) commemorated in Jerome's and Bede's martyrology on Feb. 9;
(3) the deacon, with the forty women, his disciples, martyrs, is commemorated in the Byzantine calendar on Sept. 1;
(4) commemorated in Jerome's and Bede's martyrology on Sept. 10;
(5) martyr at Alexandria, according to the old Roman and Bede's martyrology, on Dec. 20.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
God of air wind sun reincarnation war Egypt
Gods and Goddess Reference
A nation sprung from Ben-ammi, Lot's son by his younger daughter (Gen_19:38; Psa_83:7-8), as Moab by his elder, after Lot escaped from Sodom. Ammon and Moab appear continually together; both are said to have hired Balaam (Deu_13:4), though Moab alone is mentioned in the detailed account (Numbers 22; 23). The land from Arnon river to Jabbok is assigned to both (Jdg_11:12-18; Jdg_11:25). The Israelites dispossessed the Amorites of land which afterward Ammon occupied, between Arnon and Jabbok, but did not, as Jephthah reasons, dispossess Ammon of it, though now claiming it as theirs (Num_21:24; Num_21:26; Num_21:29). Ammon destroyed the aboriginal Rephaim or giants, named Zamzummim, and occupied their land, Jabbok being their boundary (Deu_2:20-21; Deu_2:37).
Moab was probably the more civilized half of Lot's descendants; whence we read of the plentiful fields, hay, summer fruits, vineyards, presses, songs of the grape treaders, of Moab (Isaiah 15; 16; Jeremiah 48): Ammon the more fierce, plundering, Bedouin-like half; whence we read of their threat of thrusting out the right eye of all in Jabesh Gilead (1Sa_11:2), ripping up pregnant women in Gilead (Amo_1:13), treacherously murdering, as Ishmael, Baalis' agent, did (Jer_40:14; Jer_41:5-7), suspecting and insulting their ally David to their own ruin (2Sa_10:1-5; 2Sa_12:31). Ammon's one stronghold, Rabbah, "the city of: waters" (20 cities are mentioned Jdg_11:33, perhaps some Moabite cities), forms a contrast to Moab's numerous towns with their "high places" (Jeremiah 48); their idol, Moloch, accordingly they worshipped in a tent, the token of nomad life, not a fixed temple or high place, such as was appropriated to the god of the more settled people Moab (Amo_5:26; Act_7:43).
They crossed Jordan and seized Jericho for a time (Jdg_3:13). Chephar-ha-Ammonai (the hamlet of the Ammonites), in Benjamin, at the head of the passes from the Jordan westward, marks their having temporarily been in that region. Their unwillingness to help Israel, and their joining Moab in hiring Balaam (Deu_23:2; Deu_23:46; Neh_13:2), caused their exclusion (like that of a bastard) from the Lord's congregation for ten generations; whereas Edom, who had not hired him, was only excluded for three. The exclusion was from full Israelite citizenship, not from the spiritual privileges of the covenant, if they became proselytes. Previously to David, Jephthah and Saul had sorely punished them (Jdg_11:33; 1Sa_11:11; 1Sa_14:47).
Ammon joined with Moab in the expedition for uprooting Judah from its possession, in Jehoshaphat's reign (2 Chronicles 20; Psa_83:3-7). So utterly were the confederates routed that the Jews spent three days in gathering the spoil. They had to bring gifts to Uzziah (2Ch_26:8). Jotham reduced them to pay 100 talents of silver, 10,000 measures of wheat, and 10,000 of barley. Ammon seized on the cities of Gad from which Tiglath Pileser had carried the Israelites (Jer_49:1-6; Zep_2:8-9). On the return from Jerusalem Tobiah, an Ammonite, joined with Sanballat, of Horonaim of Moab, in opposing Nehemiah's restoration of the city walls (Neh_2:10; Neh_2:19).
Naamah, Solomon's wife, mother of Rehoboam, was an Ammonite. Their idol, Moloch, appears also under the varied form Milcom and Malcham, as the Hebrew for "their king" may be rendered. Compare Zep_1:5; 2Sa_12:30. Solomon's Ammonite wives seduced him to rear an altar to this "abomination," to his own hurt (Jer_49:1; Jer_49:3). Nahash, perhaps a common title of their kings, means a serpent. Shobi, the son of David's friend, followed his father's rather than Hanun his brother's steps, showing kindness to David in adversity (2Sa_17:27).
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
Am'mon. (sons of renown, mountaineers). See Ammonites, The.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
or HAMMON, or JUPITER-AMMON, an epithet given to Jupiter in Lybia, where was a celebrated temple of that deity under the denomination of Jupiter Ammon, which was visited by Alexander the Great.
The word Amoun, which imports shining, according to Jablonski, denoted the effects produced by the sun on attaining the equator, such as the increase of the days; a more splendid light; and above all, the fortunate presage of the inundation of the Nile, and its consequent abundance.
Ammon is by others derived from Ham, the son of Noah, who first peopled Egypt and Lybia, after the flood; and, when idolatry began to gain ground soon after this period, became the chief deity of those two countries, in which his descendants continued. A temple, it is said, was built to his honour, in the midst of the sandy deserts of Lybia, upon a spot of good ground, about two leagues broad, which formed a kind of island or oasis in a sea of sand. He was esteemed the Zeus of Greece, and the Jupiter of Latium, as well as the Ammon of the Egyptians. In process of time, these two names were joined; and he was called Jupiter Ammon. For this reason the city of Ammon, No-ammon, or the city of Ham, was called by the Greeks Diospolis, or the city of Jupiter. Plutarch says, that of all the Egyptian deities which seemed to have any correspondence with the Zeus of Greece, Amon or Ammon was the most peculiar and appropriate. From Egypt his name and worship were brought into Greece; as indeed were almost all the names of all the deities that were there worshipped. Jupiter Ammon, or the Egyptian Jupiter, was usually represented under the figure of a ram; though in some medals he appears of a human shape, having only two ram's horns growing out beneath his ears. The Egyptians, says Proclus, in the Timaeus of Plato, had a singular veneration for the ram, because the image of Ammon bore its head, and because this first sign of the zodiac was the presage of the fruits of the earth. Eusebius adds, that this symbol marked the conjunction of the sun and moon in the sign of the ram.
2. AMMON, or BEN-AMMI the son of Lot, by his youngest daughter, Gen_19:38. He was the father of the Ammonites, and dwelt on the east side of the Dead Sea, in the mountains of Gilead.
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.
In the tableland region east of the Jordan River were the sister nations of Ammon and Moab. They were descended from the two daughters of Lot, and therefore were related to Israel (Gen_19:36-38). The chief city of Ammon was Rabbah, or Rabbath-Ammon (now known as Amman, capital of the present-day nation of Jordan) (Deu_3:11; 2Sa_12:26). The national god of Ammon was Molech, or Milcom (1Ki_11:5; 1Ki_11:7; see MOLECH).
National history
Ammon was a well watered region to the east of the Jordan River, with a number of streams that flowed through deep gorges into the Jordan. The most important of these streams was the Jabbok.
In the days before Israels migration to Canaan, the Ammonites were pushed further east, away from the Jordan, by the Amorites. The Amorites overran all the land bordering the Jordan, from Bashan in the north to the Dead Sea in the south. Israel in turn conquered the Amorites, took the land for itself and divided it among the tribes of Reuben, Gad and half of Manasseh (Num_21:13; Num_21:24-26; Num_21:32-35; Num_32:1-5; Jos_13:8-12).
God approved of the Israelites conquest of this territory, for they had taken it not from the Ammonites, who were related to them, but from the Amorites, who were under Gods judgment (Deu_2:17-19; Deu_2:37; Deu_3:1-11; Jdg_11:12-23; see AMORITES). Therefore, when the Ammonites tried to repossess the area during the time of the judges, God used Jephthah to drive them out (Jdg_10:6-9; Jdg_11:32-33).
With the changes that accompanied Sauls appointment as Israels first king, the Ammonites seized the opportunity to invade Israels eastern territory once more; but they were soon driven out (1Sa_11:1-11). There were good relations between Ammon and Israel for much of Davids reign, but when a new Ammonite king became aggressive, Davids army drove the attackers back (2Sa_10:1-14). When there was another attack the next year, David invaded Ammon, captured Rabbah, took control of the nation and forced the Ammonite people to work for Israel (2Sa_11:1; 2Sa_12:26-31).
Davids successor, Solomon, took Ammonite women into his harem and worshipped the gods they brought with them (1Ki_11:1; 1Ki_11:5; 1Ki_11:7; 1Ki_11:33). Solomons son and successor, Rehoboam, was half-Ammonite, being the son of one of Solomons Ammonite wives (1Ki_14:21).
Ammon had repeated conflicts with Israel and Judah over the next two hundred years (2Ch_20:10-11; 2Ch_26:8; 2Ch_27:5). When Assyria conquered Israel and took its people into captivity (722 BC), Ammon again took the opportunity to seize some of Israels eastern territory. But the Ammonites violence, cruelty and arrogance were inexcusable, and Gods prophets assured them of a fitting punishment (Jer_49:1-6; Amo_1:13-15; Zep_2:8-11). The Ammonites also joined the attackers to help with the final destruction of Judah, but their treachery only made their own destruction more certain (2Ki_24:1-2; Jer_40:13-14; Jer_41:1-3; Jer_41:10; Eze_25:1-7).
As a result of conquests, first by Babylon and then by Persia, the nation of Ammon ceased to exist. Individual Ammonites continued to be a source of trouble to the Jews (Neh_2:10; Neh_4:7-9), but eventually the separate racial identity of the Ammonites disappeared.
Bridgeway Bible Dictionary by Don Fleming
PRINTER 1990.
Am?mon [THEBES]
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
Ammon
(Heb., Ammon', עִמּוֹן, another form of the name Ben-Ammi; Sept. Α᾿μμάν), the son of Lot by his younger daughter (Gen_19:38), B.C. 2063. SEE BEN-AMMI. It also stands for his posterity (comp. Psa_83:7-8), usually in the phrase children of Ammon. SEE AMMONITE. The expression most commonly employed for this nation is (in the original) Bene-Ammon; next in frequency comes Ammoni or Ammonim; and least often Ammon. The translators of the Auth. Vers. have, as usual, neglected these minute differences, and have employed the three terms, children of Ammon, Ammonites, Ammon, indiscriminately. For No- Ammon, SEE AMON, and SEE NO. The name is perpetuated in the modern ruins called Amman, which represent RABBAH-AMMON SEE RABBAH-AMMON (q.v.).
Ammon
is likewise the name of another Egyptian of the same century, a bishop, to whom St. Athanasius addressed his Letter on Chastity.
Ammon
is the name of several other saints:
(1) commemorated in the Hoieronymian martyrology on Feb. 7;
(2) commemorated in Jerome's and Bede's martyrology on Feb. 9;
(3) the deacon, with the forty women, his disciples, martyrs, is commemorated in the Byzantine calendar on Sept. 1;
(4) commemorated in Jerome's and Bede's martyrology on Sept. 10;
(5) martyr at Alexandria, according to the old Roman and Bede's martyrology, on Dec. 20.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
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