Beggar
VIEW:17 DATA:01-04-2020
Beggar. The poor, among the Hebrews, were much favored. They were allowed to glean in the fields, and to gather whatever the land produced, in the year in which it was not tilled Lev_19:10; Lev_25:5-6; Lev_24:19. They were also invited to feasts. Deu_14:29, and Deu_26:12.
The Israelite could not be an absolute pauper. His land was inalienable, except for a certain term, when it reverted to him, or his posterity. And, if this resource were insufficient, he could pledge the services of himself and family for a valuable sum. Those who were indigent through bodily infirmities were usually taken care of by their kindred.
A beggar was sometimes seen, however, and was regarded and abhorred as a vagabond. Psa_109:10. In later times, beggars were accustomed, it would seem, to have a fixed place at the corners of the streets, Mar_10:46, or at the gates of the Temple, Act_3:2, or of private houses. Luk_16:20.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
1Sa_2:8 (b) This unfortunate person warming himself on the dung heap in the backyard is a type of the sinner who seeks to find comfort from the wretched and miserable things offered by this world. He begs the dunghill for warmth and comfort, and obtains some. He is willing to endure the offensive surroundings to obtain some temporary help. When GOD comes into a man's life, He changes him by means of the new birth, so that he no longer wants the dung heap of this world, but sits in the presence of GOD in a glorious atmosphere of heavenly association.
Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types
press 1957.
Beggar
(אֶבְיוֹן, ebyon', 1Sa_2:8; πτωχός, Luk_16:20; Luk_16:22; Gal_4:9; both terms elsewhere poor, etc.). The laws of Moses furnish abundant evidence that great inequality of condition existed in his time among the Hebrews, for recommendations to the rich to be liberal to their poorer brethren are frequently met with (Exo_23:11; Deu_15:11), but no mention is made of persons who lived as mendicants. The poor were allowed to glean in the fields, and to gather whatever the land produced in the year in which it was not tilled (Lev_19:10; Lev_25:5-6; Deu_24:19). They were also invited to feasts (Deu_12:12; Deu_14:29; Deu_26:12). The Hebrew could not be an absolute pauper. His land was inalienable, except for a certain term, when it reverted to him or his posterity. And if this resource was insufficient, he could pledge the services of himself or his family for a valuable sum. Those who were indigent through bodily infirmity were usually taken care of by their kindred. See POOR. In the song of Hannah (1Sa_2:8), however, beggars are spoken of, and such a fate is predicted to the posterity of the wicked, while it shall never befall the seed of the righteous, in the Psalms (Psa_37:35; Psa_104:10); so that the practice was probably then not uncommon. In the New Testament, also, we read of beggars that were blind, diseased, and maimed, who lay at the doors of the rich, by the waysides, and also before the gate of the Temple (Mar_10:46; Luk_16:20-21; Act_3:2). But we have no reason to suppose that there existed in the time of Christ that class of persons called vagrant beggars, who present their supplications for alms from door to door, and who are found at the present day in the East, although less frequently than in the countries of Europe. That the custom of seeking alms by sounding a trumpet or horn, which prevails among a class of Mohammedan monastics, called kalendar or karendal, prevailed also in the time of Christ, has been by some inferred from the peculiar construction of the original in Mat_6:2. There is one thing characteristic of those Orientals who follow the vocation of mendicants which is worthy of being mentioned; they do not appeal to the pity or to the almsgiving spirit, but to the justice of their benefactors (Job_22:7; Job_31:16; Pro_3:27-28). Roberts, in his Orient. Illustrations, p. 564, says on Luk_16:3 (I cannot dig; to beg I am ashamed), How often are we reminded of this passage by beggars when we tell them to work. They can scarcely believe their ears; and the religious mendicants, who swarm in every part of the East, look upon you with the most sovereign contempt when you give them such advice. I work! why, I never have done such a thing; I am not able. SEE ALMS.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
The Israelite could not be an absolute pauper. His land was inalienable, except for a certain term, when it reverted to him, or his posterity. And, if this resource were insufficient, he could pledge the services of himself and family for a valuable sum. Those who were indigent through bodily infirmities were usually taken care of by their kindred.
A beggar was sometimes seen, however, and was regarded and abhorred as a vagabond. Psa_109:10. In later times, beggars were accustomed, it would seem, to have a fixed place at the corners of the streets, Mar_10:46, or at the gates of the Temple, Act_3:2, or of private houses. Luk_16:20.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
1Sa_2:8 (b) This unfortunate person warming himself on the dung heap in the backyard is a type of the sinner who seeks to find comfort from the wretched and miserable things offered by this world. He begs the dunghill for warmth and comfort, and obtains some. He is willing to endure the offensive surroundings to obtain some temporary help. When GOD comes into a man's life, He changes him by means of the new birth, so that he no longer wants the dung heap of this world, but sits in the presence of GOD in a glorious atmosphere of heavenly association.
Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types
press 1957.
Beggar
(אֶבְיוֹן, ebyon', 1Sa_2:8; πτωχός, Luk_16:20; Luk_16:22; Gal_4:9; both terms elsewhere poor, etc.). The laws of Moses furnish abundant evidence that great inequality of condition existed in his time among the Hebrews, for recommendations to the rich to be liberal to their poorer brethren are frequently met with (Exo_23:11; Deu_15:11), but no mention is made of persons who lived as mendicants. The poor were allowed to glean in the fields, and to gather whatever the land produced in the year in which it was not tilled (Lev_19:10; Lev_25:5-6; Deu_24:19). They were also invited to feasts (Deu_12:12; Deu_14:29; Deu_26:12). The Hebrew could not be an absolute pauper. His land was inalienable, except for a certain term, when it reverted to him or his posterity. And if this resource was insufficient, he could pledge the services of himself or his family for a valuable sum. Those who were indigent through bodily infirmity were usually taken care of by their kindred. See POOR. In the song of Hannah (1Sa_2:8), however, beggars are spoken of, and such a fate is predicted to the posterity of the wicked, while it shall never befall the seed of the righteous, in the Psalms (Psa_37:35; Psa_104:10); so that the practice was probably then not uncommon. In the New Testament, also, we read of beggars that were blind, diseased, and maimed, who lay at the doors of the rich, by the waysides, and also before the gate of the Temple (Mar_10:46; Luk_16:20-21; Act_3:2). But we have no reason to suppose that there existed in the time of Christ that class of persons called vagrant beggars, who present their supplications for alms from door to door, and who are found at the present day in the East, although less frequently than in the countries of Europe. That the custom of seeking alms by sounding a trumpet or horn, which prevails among a class of Mohammedan monastics, called kalendar or karendal, prevailed also in the time of Christ, has been by some inferred from the peculiar construction of the original in Mat_6:2. There is one thing characteristic of those Orientals who follow the vocation of mendicants which is worthy of being mentioned; they do not appeal to the pity or to the almsgiving spirit, but to the justice of their benefactors (Job_22:7; Job_31:16; Pro_3:27-28). Roberts, in his Orient. Illustrations, p. 564, says on Luk_16:3 (I cannot dig; to beg I am ashamed), How often are we reminded of this passage by beggars when we tell them to work. They can scarcely believe their ears; and the religious mendicants, who swarm in every part of the East, look upon you with the most sovereign contempt when you give them such advice. I work! why, I never have done such a thing; I am not able. SEE ALMS.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
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