Rama

VIEW:15 DATA:01-04-2020
RAMA or RAMAH ("an elevated spot".)
1. In Benjamin (Jer_31:15; Mat_2:18). The cry of the weeping mothers and of Rachel is poetically represented as heard as far as Rama, on the E. side of the N. road between Jerusalem and Bethel; Rama where Nebuzaradan gathered the captive Jews to take them to Babylon. Not far from Gibeah of Saul (1Sa_22:6; Hos_5:8; Isa_10:28-32). Now Er Ram, five miles from Jerusalem (Jdg_4:5; Jdg_19:13; Jos_18:25). There is an Er Ram one mile and a half E. of Bethlehem; but explain Jer_31:15 as above.
Baasha fortified it, to prevent his subjects from going S. to Jerusalem to the great feasts, and so joining the kingdom of Judah (1Ki_15:17-21; 2Ch_16:1-5). (See BAASHA; ASA.) The coincidence is dear between Rama's being built by Israel, its overthrow by Judah, and the emigration from Israel to Judah owing to Jeroboam's idolatry (1Ki_12:26; 2Ch_11:14-17); yet the events are named separately, and their connection only inferred by comparison of distinct passages, a minute proof of genuineness. Its people returned after the captivity (Ezr_2:26; Neh_7:30). The Rama, Neh_11:33, was further W.
2. The house of Elkanah, Samuel's father (1Sa_1:19; 1Sa_2:11). Samuel's birthplace, residence, and place of burial. Here he built an altar to Jehovah (1Sa_7:17; 1Sa_8:4; 1Sa_15:34; 1Sa_16:13; 1Sa_19:18; 1Sa_25:1; 1Sa_28:3). Contracted from Ramathaim Zophim, in Mount Ephraim (which included under its name the northern parts of Benjamin, Bethel, and Ataroth: 2Ch_13:19; 2Ch_15:8; Jdg_4:5; 1Sa_1:1). Muslim, Jewish, and Christian tradition places Samuel's home on the height Neby Samwil, four miles N.W. of Jerusalem, than which it is loftier. Arculf (A.D. 700) identifies it as "Saint Samuel."
The professed tomb is a wooden box; below it is a cave excavated like Abraham's burial place at Hebron, from the rock, and dosed against entrance except by a narrow opening in the top, through which pilgrims pass their lamps and petitions to the sacred vault beneath. The city where Samuel anointed Saul (1 Samuel 9-10) was probably not Samuel's own city Rama, for the city of Saul's anointing was near Rachel's sepulchre adjoining Bethlehem (1Sa_10:2), whereas Mount Ephraim wherein was Ramathaim Zophim did not reach so far S. Near Neby Samwil, the probable site of Samuel's Rama, is the well of Sechu to which Saul came on his way to Rama, now "Samuel's fountain" near Beit Isku. Beit Haninah (probably Naioth) is near (1Sa_19:18-24). Hosea (Hos_5:8) refers to Rama. The appended "Zophim" distinguishes it from Rama of Benjamin. Elkanah's ancestor Zuph may have been the origin of the "Zophim."
3. A fortress of Naphtali in the mountainous region N.W. of the sea, of Galilee. Now Rameh, eight miles E.S.E. of Safed, on the main track between Akka and the N. of the sea of Galilee, on the slope of a lofty hill.
4. On Asher's boundary between Tyre and Sidon; a Rama is still three miles E. of Tyre.
5. Ramoth Gilead (2Ki_8:29; 2Ch_22:6).
6. Re-occupied by Benjamin on the return from Babylon (Neh_11:33). Identified by Grove with Ramleh.
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.


Ra'ma. Mat_2:15 referring to Jer_31:15. It is the Greek form of Ramah. See Ramah.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863


rā?ma (Ῥαμᾶ, Rhamá): the King James Version; Greek form of RAMAH (which see) (Mat_2:18).

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.


Rama
Ραμᾶ, the Greek form of Ramah. found in Mat_2:18, referring to Jer_31:15. The original passage alludes to a massacre of Benjamites or Eph-raimites (comp. Jer_31:9; Jer_31:18) at the Ramah in Benjamin or in Mount Ephraim. This is seized by the evangelist and turned into a touching reference to the slaughter of the innocents at Bethlehem, near to which was (and is) the sepulchre of Rachel. The name of Rama is alleged to have been lately discovered attached to a spot close to the sepulchre. If it existed there in Matthew's day, it may have prompted his allusion, though it is not necessary to suppose this, since the point of the quotation does not lie in the name Ramah, but in the lamentation of Rachel for the children, as is shown by the change of the υἱοῖς of the original to τέκνα. The allusion is doubtless to Ramah, one of the leading cities of Benjamin, and not, as many have supposed, to some place of that name near Bethlehem. The passage is a difficult one, but the difficulty may be solved by a careful examination of the topography of the district. The difficulties are these:
1. Why is Rachel, the mother of Benjamin, represented as weeping for her children, seeing that Bethlehem was in Judah and not in Benjamin? The reply is, Rachel died and was buried near Bethlehem (Gen_35:19); the border of the tribe of Benjamin reached to her sepulchre (1Sa_10:2); not only were the children of Bethlehem slain, but also those "in all the coast thereof," thus including part of Benjamin. The spirit of the departed Rachel is then represented as rising from the tomb and mourning her slaughtered children.
2. But why was the voice of lamentation heard in Ramah nearly ten miles distant? The answer is now easy. So deep was the impression made by the cruel massacre, that the cry of distress went through the whole land of Benjamin, reaching to the capital of the tribe.

CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.





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