Tubal-cain
VIEW:22 DATA:01-04-2020
worldly possession; possessed of confusion
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
TUBAL-CAIN.In Gen_4:22 the father of every forger of copper and iron (so read, with slight textual correction), i.e. the founder of the guild or profession of metal-workers. The name seems to be made up of Tubal (or the Tibareni, noted for production of bronze articles (Eze_27:13)) and Cain (smith), as the ancestor of the Kenites or Smiths.
J. F. McCurdy.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
Tu'bal-cain. The son of Lamech, the Cainite, by his wife, Zillah, Gen_4:22. (B.C. about 3000). He is called "a furbisher of every cutting instrument of copper and iron."
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
or THUBAL-CAIN, son of Lamech the bigamous, and of Zillah, Gen_9:29. The Scriptures tell us, that he was the father and inventor, or master, of the art of forging and managing iron, and of making all kinds of iron-work. There is great reason to believe that this was the Vulcan of the Heathens.
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.
tū?bal-kān (קין תּוּבל, tūbhal ḳayin): One of the sons of Lamech (Gen_4:22). He is a brother of Jabal and Jubal, who appear to have been the founders of several industries and articles The text (וברזל נחשת כל־חרש לטש, lōṭēsh kol ḥōrēsh neḥōsheth ū-bharzel) has been the cause of endless dispute. Holzinger and Gunkel hold that לטש, lōṭēsh was a marginal gloss to חרש, ḥōrēsh, and that, as in Gen_4:20 and Gen_4:21, there stood before כל־, kol originally אבי היה הוא, hū hāyāh 'ăbhı̄. This would make Tubal-cain the founder of the metal industry, and place him in a class similar to that of his brothers. The Septuagint, however, has no equivalent of קיז, ḳayin. This omission leads Dillmann, Wellhausen, and others to the position that ?Tubal? originally stood alone, and קיז, ḳayin, being a later addition, was translated ?smith.? Many commentators identify Tubal with the Assyrian Tubal, a people living Southwest of the Black Sea; in later times they were called ?Tibareni? (Eze_27:13). Tubal may be the eponymous ancestor of these people, whose principal industry seems to have been the manufacture of vessels of bronze and iron.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Tu?bal-Ca?in, son of Lamech and Zillah, to whom the invention of the art of forging metals is ascribed in Gen_4:22 [SMITH].
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
(Heb. Tu'bal Ka'yin, תּוּבִל קִיַן, apparently of foreign etymology; Sept. ὁ θοβέλ; Vulg. Tubal cain), the son of Lamech the Cainite by his wife Zillah (Gen_4:22). B.C. cir. 3700. He is called a furbisher of every cutting instrument of copper and iron. The Jewish legend of later times associates him with his father's song. Lamech was blind, says the story as told by Rashi, and Tubal-cain was leading him; and he saw Cain, and he appeared to him like a wild beast, so he told his father to draw his bow, and he slew him. And when he knew that it was Cain his ancestor, he smote his hands together and struck his son between them. So he slew him, and his wives withdraw from him and he conciliates them. In this story Tubal-cain is the young man of the song. Rashi apparently considers the name of Tubal- cain as an appellative, for he makes him director of the works of Cain for making weapons of war, and connects Tubal with תִּבֵּל, tabbel, to season, and so to prepare skillfully. He appears, moreover, to have pointed it תּוֹבֵלtobel, which seems to have been the reading of the Sept. and Josephus. According to the writer last mentioned (Ant. 1, 2, 2), Tubal- cain was distinguished for his prodigious strength and his success in war.
The derivation of the name is extremely obscure. Hasse (Entdeckungen, 2, 37, quoted by Knobel on Gen_4:22) identifies Tubal-cain with Vulcan; and Buttmann (Mythol. 1, 164) not only compares these names, but adds to the comparison the Τελχῖνες of Rhodes, the first workers in copper and iron (Strabo, 14:654), and Dwalinn, the daemon smith of the Scandinavian mythology. Gesenius proposed to consider it a hybrid word, compounded of the Pers. tupal, iron slag, or scoria, and the Arab. kain, a smith; but this etymology is more than doubtful. The Scythian race Tubal, who were coppersmiths (Eze_27:13), naturally suggest themselves in connection with Tubal-cain.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
TUBAL-CAIN.In Gen_4:22 the father of every forger of copper and iron (so read, with slight textual correction), i.e. the founder of the guild or profession of metal-workers. The name seems to be made up of Tubal (or the Tibareni, noted for production of bronze articles (Eze_27:13)) and Cain (smith), as the ancestor of the Kenites or Smiths.
J. F. McCurdy.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
Tu'bal-cain. The son of Lamech, the Cainite, by his wife, Zillah, Gen_4:22. (B.C. about 3000). He is called "a furbisher of every cutting instrument of copper and iron."
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
or THUBAL-CAIN, son of Lamech the bigamous, and of Zillah, Gen_9:29. The Scriptures tell us, that he was the father and inventor, or master, of the art of forging and managing iron, and of making all kinds of iron-work. There is great reason to believe that this was the Vulcan of the Heathens.
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.
tū?bal-kān (קין תּוּבל, tūbhal ḳayin): One of the sons of Lamech (Gen_4:22). He is a brother of Jabal and Jubal, who appear to have been the founders of several industries and articles The text (וברזל נחשת כל־חרש לטש, lōṭēsh kol ḥōrēsh neḥōsheth ū-bharzel) has been the cause of endless dispute. Holzinger and Gunkel hold that לטש, lōṭēsh was a marginal gloss to חרש, ḥōrēsh, and that, as in Gen_4:20 and Gen_4:21, there stood before כל־, kol originally אבי היה הוא, hū hāyāh 'ăbhı̄. This would make Tubal-cain the founder of the metal industry, and place him in a class similar to that of his brothers. The Septuagint, however, has no equivalent of קיז, ḳayin. This omission leads Dillmann, Wellhausen, and others to the position that ?Tubal? originally stood alone, and קיז, ḳayin, being a later addition, was translated ?smith.? Many commentators identify Tubal with the Assyrian Tubal, a people living Southwest of the Black Sea; in later times they were called ?Tibareni? (Eze_27:13). Tubal may be the eponymous ancestor of these people, whose principal industry seems to have been the manufacture of vessels of bronze and iron.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Tu?bal-Ca?in, son of Lamech and Zillah, to whom the invention of the art of forging metals is ascribed in Gen_4:22 [SMITH].
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
(Heb. Tu'bal Ka'yin, תּוּבִל קִיַן, apparently of foreign etymology; Sept. ὁ θοβέλ; Vulg. Tubal cain), the son of Lamech the Cainite by his wife Zillah (Gen_4:22). B.C. cir. 3700. He is called a furbisher of every cutting instrument of copper and iron. The Jewish legend of later times associates him with his father's song. Lamech was blind, says the story as told by Rashi, and Tubal-cain was leading him; and he saw Cain, and he appeared to him like a wild beast, so he told his father to draw his bow, and he slew him. And when he knew that it was Cain his ancestor, he smote his hands together and struck his son between them. So he slew him, and his wives withdraw from him and he conciliates them. In this story Tubal-cain is the young man of the song. Rashi apparently considers the name of Tubal- cain as an appellative, for he makes him director of the works of Cain for making weapons of war, and connects Tubal with תִּבֵּל, tabbel, to season, and so to prepare skillfully. He appears, moreover, to have pointed it תּוֹבֵלtobel, which seems to have been the reading of the Sept. and Josephus. According to the writer last mentioned (Ant. 1, 2, 2), Tubal- cain was distinguished for his prodigious strength and his success in war.
The derivation of the name is extremely obscure. Hasse (Entdeckungen, 2, 37, quoted by Knobel on Gen_4:22) identifies Tubal-cain with Vulcan; and Buttmann (Mythol. 1, 164) not only compares these names, but adds to the comparison the Τελχῖνες of Rhodes, the first workers in copper and iron (Strabo, 14:654), and Dwalinn, the daemon smith of the Scandinavian mythology. Gesenius proposed to consider it a hybrid word, compounded of the Pers. tupal, iron slag, or scoria, and the Arab. kain, a smith; but this etymology is more than doubtful. The Scythian race Tubal, who were coppersmiths (Eze_27:13), naturally suggest themselves in connection with Tubal-cain.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
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