Adversary

VIEW:13 DATA:01-04-2020
The meaning of Satan (1Pe_5:8); also divine justice (Luk_12:58-59).
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.


ad?vẽr-sa-ri, ad?vẽr-sā̄̇-ri: This word (in the singular or plural) is used in the Old Testament to render different Hebrew words. In thirty-two cases the word corresponds to the noun צר, cār, or the verb צרר, cārař. This noun is the ordinary word for ?foe? or ?adversary.? In twelve passages the Hebrew word, of which ?adversary? is the translation, is שׂטן, sāṭān = noun or שׂטן, sāṭan = verb. This stem means ?to oppose,? or ?thwart? anyone in his purpose or claims.
The angel of Yahweh was sāṭān to Balaam (Num_22:22). The word often denotes a political adversary (1Ki_11:14, 1Ki_11:23, 1Ki_11:25). In four cases (namely, Prologue to Job; Zec_3:1, Zec_3:2; 1Ch_21:1; Psa_109:6) the King James Version retains Satan as the rendering. But it is only in 1 Chronicles that the word is used without the article, that is, strictly as a proper name. The Septuagint gives διάβολος, diábolos, as the rendering, and both in Job and Zechariah, Satan is portrayed as the ?false accuser.? In two cases ?adversary? represents two Hebrew expressions which mean the ?opponent in a suit? or ?controversy? (Job_31:35; Isa_50:8).
In the New Testament ?adversary? represents: (1) αντικειμενοι, ἀντικείμενοι, antikeı́menoi, the participle of a verb which means ?to be set over against,? ?to be opposed? (Luk_13:17; Phi_2:8). (2) ἀντίδικος, antı́dikos, ?opponent in a lawsuit,? ?prosecutor? (Mat_5:25; Luk_12:58; Luk_18:3; 1Pe_5:8). According to the last passage the devil is the ?accuser? or ?prosecutor? of believers, but according to another writer they have an ?advocate? or ?counselor for the defense? with the Father (1Jo_2:1). In one passage (Heb_10:27) ?adversary? represents a Greek word, hupenantı́os, which means ?set over against,? ?contrary to? - a word used in classical Greek and in the Septuagint.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.


Mat_5:25 (b) The adversary in this portion evidently refers to GOD who sends His porter, death, to take men from this scene to the Judge, the Lord JESUS. Being found guilty, the Lord JESUS hands this wicked sinner over to one of His angels who is the officer. The angel takes the lost sinner to hell, which is GOD's prison house. Since the prisoner can never pay the debt he must remain there forever.

1Ti_5:14 (b) The adversary in this passage refers to critics of GOD's people who in their opposition to CHRIST are quick to find fault with GOD's people, and to call attention to the failures of Christians.
Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types
press 1957.


Adversary
in Heb. properly שָׂטָן, satan’ (i.e. Satan, as it signifies, when with the article), an opponent, e.g. in war, a foe (1Ki_5:18; 1Ki_11:14; 23:25; 1Sa_29:4), in the forum, a plaintiff (Psa_109:6; comp. Zec_3:1-2), or generally a resister (2Sa_19:23), as one that blocks the way (Num_22:23; comp. Num_22:32). In Greek properly ἀντίδικος, one who speaks against us, e.g. in a suit, the complainant (Mat_5:25; Luk_12:50); or, generally, an enemy (Luk_18:3), specially, the Devil (1Pe_5:8). SEE ACCUSER.

CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.





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