Compel
VIEW:15 DATA:01-04-2020
The Greek angareuein is a Tartar word adopted by the Persians for impressing into the government service men and horses to carry the dispatches without interruption, by relays of men and horses stationed at intervals (Mat_5:41; Mar_15:21).
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
kom-pel?: Our English word always has in it now the flavor of force, not always, however, physical. It may be strong moral urgency, though ?constrain? better expresses this.
1. In the Old Testament
There are several words indicative of such strong pressure: (1) אנס, 'ānaṣ ?to press?: ?none could compel? to drink (Est_1:8); (2) נדח, nādhaḥ, ?to drive,? ?force?: ?compelled Judah thereto? (the King James Version, the Revised Version, margin); ?led Judah astray? the Revised Version (British and American) (2Ch_21:11). The same word rendered ?force,? as the adulteress by flattering words her victim (Pro_7:21); (3) עבד, ‛ābhadh, ?to serve?: not to compel him to serve as a bond servant (Lev_25:39 the King James Version, the Revised Version (British and American) ?make him serve?); (4) פרץ, pārac, ?to break forth upon,? ?urge?: ?his servants compelled him? (1Sa_28:23 the King James Version, the Revised Version (British and American) ?constrained?).
2. In the New Testament
In the New Testament two words are found: (1) ἀγγαρεύω, aggareúō̌: The word is of Persian origin and means to employ a courier. The Aggaroi were public couriers stationed by appointment of the kings of Persia, at fixed localities, with horses ready for use, to transmit speedily from one to another the royal messages. These couriers had authority to press into their service, in case of need, horses, vessels, and even men, they might meet (Josephus, Ant, XIII ii, 3); ?compel thee to go a mile? (Mat_5:41 the King James Version; the Revised Version, margin ?impress?); ?compelled Simon to bear his cross? (Mat_27:32; Mar_15:21 the King James Version; the Revised Version, margin ?impressed?). (2) ἀναγκάζω, anagkázō, ?to constrain,? whether by force, threats, entreaties, persuasion, etc.: ?compel them to come in? (Luk_14:23 the King James Version; the Revised Version (British and American) ?constrain?). This has been a favorite text of religious persecutors. As Robertson says in his history of Charles V, ?As they could not persuade, they tried to compel men to believe.? But it simply means that utmost zeal and moral urgency should be used by Christians to induce sinners to enter the Kingdom of God. Compare Act_26:11.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Compel
in Mat_5:41; Mat_27:32; Mar_15:21, is the rendering of the A. V. for the technical term ἀγγαρεύω, to impress into public service, SEE ANGAREUO; in Luk_14:23 (ἀναλκάζω, often to constrain), it has a milder sense, i.e. urge, rather than the full meaning of coercion (as elsewhere).
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
kom-pel?: Our English word always has in it now the flavor of force, not always, however, physical. It may be strong moral urgency, though ?constrain? better expresses this.
1. In the Old Testament
There are several words indicative of such strong pressure: (1) אנס, 'ānaṣ ?to press?: ?none could compel? to drink (Est_1:8); (2) נדח, nādhaḥ, ?to drive,? ?force?: ?compelled Judah thereto? (the King James Version, the Revised Version, margin); ?led Judah astray? the Revised Version (British and American) (2Ch_21:11). The same word rendered ?force,? as the adulteress by flattering words her victim (Pro_7:21); (3) עבד, ‛ābhadh, ?to serve?: not to compel him to serve as a bond servant (Lev_25:39 the King James Version, the Revised Version (British and American) ?make him serve?); (4) פרץ, pārac, ?to break forth upon,? ?urge?: ?his servants compelled him? (1Sa_28:23 the King James Version, the Revised Version (British and American) ?constrained?).
2. In the New Testament
In the New Testament two words are found: (1) ἀγγαρεύω, aggareúō̌: The word is of Persian origin and means to employ a courier. The Aggaroi were public couriers stationed by appointment of the kings of Persia, at fixed localities, with horses ready for use, to transmit speedily from one to another the royal messages. These couriers had authority to press into their service, in case of need, horses, vessels, and even men, they might meet (Josephus, Ant, XIII ii, 3); ?compel thee to go a mile? (Mat_5:41 the King James Version; the Revised Version, margin ?impress?); ?compelled Simon to bear his cross? (Mat_27:32; Mar_15:21 the King James Version; the Revised Version, margin ?impressed?). (2) ἀναγκάζω, anagkázō, ?to constrain,? whether by force, threats, entreaties, persuasion, etc.: ?compel them to come in? (Luk_14:23 the King James Version; the Revised Version (British and American) ?constrain?). This has been a favorite text of religious persecutors. As Robertson says in his history of Charles V, ?As they could not persuade, they tried to compel men to believe.? But it simply means that utmost zeal and moral urgency should be used by Christians to induce sinners to enter the Kingdom of God. Compare Act_26:11.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Compel
in Mat_5:41; Mat_27:32; Mar_15:21, is the rendering of the A. V. for the technical term ἀγγαρεύω, to impress into public service, SEE ANGAREUO; in Luk_14:23 (ἀναλκάζω, often to constrain), it has a milder sense, i.e. urge, rather than the full meaning of coercion (as elsewhere).
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
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