Carcinogenic products and regions of incidence

List of Classifications by cancer sites with sufficient or limited evidence in humans, Volumes 1 to 124 ^a

Cancer site

Carcinogenic agents with sufficient evidence in humans

Agents with limited evidence in humans

Lip, oral cavity, and pharynx

Lip

Hydrochlorothiazide Solar radiation

Oral cavity

Alcoholic beverages Betel quid with tobacco Betel quid without tobacco Human papillomavirus type 16 Tobacco, smokeless Tobacco smoking

Human papillomavirus type 18

Salivary gland

X-radiation, gamma-radiation

Radioiodines, including Iodine-131

Tonsil

Human papillomavirus type 16

Pharynx

Alcoholic beverages Betel quid with tobacco Human papillomavirus type 16 Tobacco smoking

Asbestos (all forms)

Printing processes Tobacco smoke, secondhand

Nasopharynx

Epstein-Barr virus Formaldehyde Salted fish, Chinese-style Tobacco smoking Wood dust

Digestive tract, upper

Acetaldehyde associated with

consumption of alcoholic beverages

Digestive organs

Oesophagus

Acetaldehyde associated with

consumption of alcoholic beverages Alcoholic beverages Betel quid with tobacco Betel quid without tobacco Tobacco, smokeless Tobacco smoking X-radiation, gamma-radiation

Dry cleaning

Pickled vegetables (traditional Asian)

Rubber production industry Very hot beverages (squamous cell carcinoma)