Couch

VIEW:41 DATA:01-04-2020

COUCH.—See House, § 8. The verb ‘to couch’ occurs in Deu_33:13 ‘the deep that coucheth beneath.’ The word means simply to lie down, but it is used almost exclusively of animals, as is the Heb. word also. The subterranean deep, says Driver, is perhaps pictured as a gigantic monster.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909

Couch. See Bed.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863

kouch (substantive.). See BED.
Couch (verb): רבץ, rābhac, ?to crouch,? ?lurk,? as a beast in readiness to spring on its prey. ?If thou doest not well, sin coucheth at the door? (Gen_4:7, the King James Version ?lieth?), waiting for it to open. Cain is warned to beware of the first temptations to evil, in his case especially a sullen and jealous disposition (compare Dante, Inferno, I, 30). See ABEL; CAIN. The tribe of Judah is compared for its bravery to a recumbent lion or lioness (Gen_49:9; compare Num_24:9 f); and Issachar to ?a strong ass, couching down between the sheepfolds? (Gen_49:14, the King James Version ?between two burdens?; compare Jdg_5:16). ?The deep that coucheth beneath? (Deu_33:13), probably the springs of water, or possibly, as Driver suggests, ?the subterranean deep, pictured as a gigantic monster.? See ABYSS.

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.

Couch [BEDS]
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.

Couch
(יָצוּעִ, yatsu'd, something spread, Gen_49:4; “bed,” 1Ch_5:1; Job_17:13; Psa_63:6; Psa_132:3; מַשְׁכָּב, mishkab', something to lie upon, Job_7:13, elsewhere “bed;” עֶרֶשׂ, eres, something erected, Psa_6:6; Amo_3:12; Amo_6:4; “bed,” Job_7:13; Psa_41:3; Psa_132:3; Pro_7:16; Son_1:16; “bedstead,” Deu_3:11; κλινίδιον, a little bed, Luk_5:19; Luk_5:24; κράββατος, a pallet, Act_5:15, elsewhere “bed”). Feather-beds, as among us, are unknown in the East, as indeed generally in southern climates. The poor sleep on mats or wrapped in their overclothes (Exo_22:27; Deu_24:13; comp. Theocr. 18:19; Stobaei Serm. 72, p. 404: as to Rth_3:9; Eze_16:8, see Biel in the Miscell. Lips. Nov. v. 209 sq.), and, in the open air, sometimes have only a stone for a pillow (Arvieux, 3, 216; comp. Gen_9:21; Gen_9:23; Gen_28:11). The wealthy use bolsters or mattresses (Russel, Aleppo, 1:195), stuffed with wool or cotton. These are not laid upon a bedstead, but on a raised portion (divan, q.v.) along the side of the room, which by day serves for a seat (Harmar, 1:134; 2:71; Rosenmüller, Morgenl. 3, 211; 6:14; Lorent, Wander. p. 32). Whether the couches of the ancient Hebrews for the sick or sleeping, which are usually termed מַטָּה, mittah' (Gen_47:31; 1Sa_19:13 : 2Sa_4:7; 2Ki_1:4), מַשְׁכָּב, mishkab' (Exo_21:18; 2Sa_13:5; Son_3:1), עֶרֶשׂ, e'res (Job_7:13; Son_1:16; Pro_7:11; properly a bedstead, see Deu_3:11), were upon such a platform, is uncertain, as they appear to have been movable (1Sa_19:15), and were probably used in the daytime, like sofas, for sitting down and repose (1Sa_28:23; Eze_23:41; Amo_3:12; Amo_6:4; yet compare 2Ki_4:10). Costly carpets graced the houses of the rich (Pro_7:16 sq.; Eze_23:41; Amo_3:12); those who lay upon them covered themselves with similar tapestry, and placed a soft fur under their head (l Samuel 19:13). A canopy, or bed with a tester, is names in the Apocrypha (Jdt_16:23), and elsewhere a hanging bed or hammock (מְלוּנָה, Isa_24:20), such as watchers in gardens used (Gesenius, Thes. Heb. p. 750; comp. Niebuhr, Beschr. p. 158). In the Mishna various kinds of beds or couches are referred to; e.g. the דּ — רְגָּשׁ, dargash' (Nedar. 7:5). The couches (κλίνη, κράββατος) for the sick, named in the N.T. (Mat_9:6; Mar_2:4; Mar_6:55; Luk_5:18; Act_5:5, etc.) were movable (Becker, Charicl. 2:72). SEE BED.

CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.

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