Agag
VIEW:49 DATA:01-04-2020
roof; upper floor
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
AGAG.1. Num_24:7, probably a copyists error: LXX [Note: Septuagint.] has Gog. 2. 1Sa_15:1-35, the king of Amalek, whom Saul defeated and spared; some Gr. MSS name his father Aser (1Sa_15:33). Whether he met his fate bravely or timidly cannot be determined from the extant text (1Sa_15:32). Samuel considered him to be under the ban of extermination, and therefore killed him as a religious act (1Sa_15:33).
J. Taylor.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
("fiery one"; compare Arabic "burn".) A common title of the Amalekite kings; as Pharaoh of the Egyptian. Num_24:7 implies their greatness at that time. Saul's sparing the Agag of his time (1Sa_15:32) contrary to God's command, both then and from the first (Exo_17:14; Deu_25:17-19), because of Amalek's having intercepted Israel in the desert, so as to defeat the purpose of God Himself concerning His people, entailed on Saul loss of his throne and life. Agag came to Samuel "delicately" (rather contentedly, pleasantly), confident of his life being spared. But Samuel executed retributive justice (as in the case of Adonibezek, Judges 1), hewing him to pieces, and so making his mother childless, as he had made other women childless by hewing their sons to pieces (in consonance with his fiery character, as Agag means). This retribution in kind explains the unusual mode of execution. Haman the Agagite (Est_3:1-10; Est_8:3-5) was thought by the Jews his descendant, whence sprung his hatred to their race.
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
A'gag. (flame). Possibly the title of the kings of Amalek, like Pharaoh of Egypt. One king of this name is mentioned in Num_24:7, and another in 1Sa_15:8-9; 1Sa_15:20; 1Sa_15:32. The latter was the king of the Amalekites, whom Saul spared contrary to Jehovah's well-known will. Exo_17:14; Exo_25:17.
For this act of disobedience, Samuel was commissioned to declare to Saul, his rejection, and he himself sent for Agag and cut him in pieces. (B.C. about 1070). See Samuel. Haman is called the Agagite in Est_3:1; Est_3:10; Est_8:3; Est_8:5. The Jews consider him a descendant of Agag, the Amalekite.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
This seems to have been a common name of the princes of Amalek, one of whom was very powerful as early as the time of Moses, Num_24:7. On account of the cruelties exercised by this king and his army against the Israelites, as they returned from Egypt a bloody and long contested battle took place between Joshua and the Amalekites, in which the former was victorious, Exo_17:8-13. At the same time, God protested with an oath to destroy Amalek, Exo_17:14-16; Deu_25:17-19, A.M. 2513. About four hundred years after this, the Lord remembered the cruel treatment of his people, and his own oath; and he commanded Saul, by the mouth of Samuel, to destroy the Amalekites. Saul mustered his army, and found it two hundred thousand strong, 1Sa_15:1, &c. Having entered into their country, he cut in pieces all he could meet with from Havilah to Shur. Agag their king, and the best of their cattle, were however spared, an act of disobedience on the part of Saul, probably dictated by covetousness. But Agag did not long, enjoy this reprieve; for Samuel no sooner heard that he was alive, than he sent for him; and notwithstanding his insinuating address, and the vain hopes with which he flattered himself that the bitterness of death was past, he caused him to be hewed to pieces in Gilgal before the Lord, saying, As
באשר , in the same identical mode as, thy sword hath made women childless, so shall thy mother be childless among women. This savage chieftain had hewed many prisoners to death; and, therefore, by command of the Judge of the whole earth, he was visited with the same punishment which he had inflicted upon others.
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.
ā?gag (אגג, 'ăghāgh, or אגג, 'ăghagh, meaning unknown, possibly ?violent,? BDB): A name, or title, applied to the king of the Amalekites, like Abimelech in Philistia and Pharaoh in Egypt. It is used of two of these kings: (1) A king of Amalek, mentioned by Balaam (Num_24:7) in his blessing of Israel; (2) A later king, in the days of King Saul (1 Sam 15). Saul was sent with his army to destroy the Amalekites, who had so violently opposed Israel in the Wilderness. He disregarded the Divine command, sparing the best of the spoil, and saving Agag the king alive (1Sa_15:8, 1Sa_15:9). After rebuking Saul, Samuel had Agag put to death for all the atrocities committed by himself and his nation (1Sa_15:32, 1Sa_15:33).
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
A?gag, the name of two kings of the Amalekites, and perhaps a common name of all their kings, like Pharaoh in Egypt (comp. Num_24:7; 1Sa_15:8-9; 1Sa_15:20; 1Sa_15:32). The first of these passages would imply that the king of the Amalekites was, then at least, a greater monarch, and his people a greater people, than is commonly imagined [AMALEKITES]. The latter references are to that king of the Amalekites who was spared by Saul, contrary to that solemn vow of devotement to destruction, whereby the nation, as such, had of old precluded itself from giving any quarter to that people (Exo_17:14; Deu_25:17-19). Hence, when Samuel arrived in the camp of Saul, he ordered Agag to be brought forth. He came 'pleasantly,' deeming secure the life which the king had spared. But the prophet ordered him to be cut in pieces; and the expression which he employed?'As thy sword hath made women childless, so shall thy mother be childless among women'?indicates that, apart from the obligations of the vow, some such example of retributive justice was intended as had been exercised in the case of Adonibezek; or, in other words, that Agag had made himself infamous by the same treatment of some prisoners of distinction (probably Israelites) as he now received from Samuel. The unusual mode in which his death was inflicted strongly supports this conclusion.
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
1Sa_15:9 (c) This King of Amalek is a type of some wicked habit or evil way which is promoted and cultivated in the life of one who knows better. Haman was a descendant of the Agag family, and caused Israel great trouble in the time of Queen Esther. Saul should have killed Agag. In that he spared his life, he is a picture of the believer who spares things in his life that are hurtful to his own soul. We should never permit any Agag to remain in our lives.
Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types
press 1957.
Agag
(Heb. Agag, אֲגִג, perh. flame, from an Arab. root, in 1 Samuel always written אֲגָג; Sept. Α᾿γάγ, but Γώγ in Numbers.), the name of two kings of the Amalekites, and probably a common name of all their kings (Hengstenberg, Pentat. 2, 307), like Pharaoh in Egypt, and Achish or Abimelech among the Philistines. SEE AGAGITE.
1. The king apparently of one of the hostile neighboring nations, at the time of the Exode (B.C. 1618), referred to by Balaam (Num_24:7) in a manner implying that the king of the Amalekites was, then at least, a greater monarch, and his people a greater people, than is commonly imagined. SEE AMALEKITE.
2. A king of the Amalekites, who was spared by Saul, contrary to the solemn vow of devotement to destruction, SEE ANATHEMA, whereby the nation, as such, had of old precluded itself from giving any quarter to that people (Exo_17:14; Num_14:45). Hence when Samuel arrived in the camp of Saul he ordered Agag to be brought forth. He came pleasantly, deeming secure the life which the king had spared. But the prophet ordered him to be cut in pieces; and the expression which he employed As thy sword hath made women childless, so shall thy mother be childless among women indicates that apart from the obligations of the vow, some such example of retributive justice was intended as had been exercised in the case of Adonibezek; or, in other words, that Agag had made himself infamous by the same treatment of some prisoners of distinction (probably Israelites) as he now received from Samuel (see Diedrichs, Hinrichtung Agags, Gott. 1776). The unusual mode in which his death was inflicted strongly supports this conclusion (1Sa_15:8-33). B.C. cir. 1070. SEE SAMUEL.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
AGAG.1. Num_24:7, probably a copyists error: LXX [Note: Septuagint.] has Gog. 2. 1Sa_15:1-35, the king of Amalek, whom Saul defeated and spared; some Gr. MSS name his father Aser (1Sa_15:33). Whether he met his fate bravely or timidly cannot be determined from the extant text (1Sa_15:32). Samuel considered him to be under the ban of extermination, and therefore killed him as a religious act (1Sa_15:33).
J. Taylor.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
("fiery one"; compare Arabic "burn".) A common title of the Amalekite kings; as Pharaoh of the Egyptian. Num_24:7 implies their greatness at that time. Saul's sparing the Agag of his time (1Sa_15:32) contrary to God's command, both then and from the first (Exo_17:14; Deu_25:17-19), because of Amalek's having intercepted Israel in the desert, so as to defeat the purpose of God Himself concerning His people, entailed on Saul loss of his throne and life. Agag came to Samuel "delicately" (rather contentedly, pleasantly), confident of his life being spared. But Samuel executed retributive justice (as in the case of Adonibezek, Judges 1), hewing him to pieces, and so making his mother childless, as he had made other women childless by hewing their sons to pieces (in consonance with his fiery character, as Agag means). This retribution in kind explains the unusual mode of execution. Haman the Agagite (Est_3:1-10; Est_8:3-5) was thought by the Jews his descendant, whence sprung his hatred to their race.
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
A'gag. (flame). Possibly the title of the kings of Amalek, like Pharaoh of Egypt. One king of this name is mentioned in Num_24:7, and another in 1Sa_15:8-9; 1Sa_15:20; 1Sa_15:32. The latter was the king of the Amalekites, whom Saul spared contrary to Jehovah's well-known will. Exo_17:14; Exo_25:17.
For this act of disobedience, Samuel was commissioned to declare to Saul, his rejection, and he himself sent for Agag and cut him in pieces. (B.C. about 1070). See Samuel. Haman is called the Agagite in Est_3:1; Est_3:10; Est_8:3; Est_8:5. The Jews consider him a descendant of Agag, the Amalekite.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
This seems to have been a common name of the princes of Amalek, one of whom was very powerful as early as the time of Moses, Num_24:7. On account of the cruelties exercised by this king and his army against the Israelites, as they returned from Egypt a bloody and long contested battle took place between Joshua and the Amalekites, in which the former was victorious, Exo_17:8-13. At the same time, God protested with an oath to destroy Amalek, Exo_17:14-16; Deu_25:17-19, A.M. 2513. About four hundred years after this, the Lord remembered the cruel treatment of his people, and his own oath; and he commanded Saul, by the mouth of Samuel, to destroy the Amalekites. Saul mustered his army, and found it two hundred thousand strong, 1Sa_15:1, &c. Having entered into their country, he cut in pieces all he could meet with from Havilah to Shur. Agag their king, and the best of their cattle, were however spared, an act of disobedience on the part of Saul, probably dictated by covetousness. But Agag did not long, enjoy this reprieve; for Samuel no sooner heard that he was alive, than he sent for him; and notwithstanding his insinuating address, and the vain hopes with which he flattered himself that the bitterness of death was past, he caused him to be hewed to pieces in Gilgal before the Lord, saying, As
באשר , in the same identical mode as, thy sword hath made women childless, so shall thy mother be childless among women. This savage chieftain had hewed many prisoners to death; and, therefore, by command of the Judge of the whole earth, he was visited with the same punishment which he had inflicted upon others.
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.
ā?gag (אגג, 'ăghāgh, or אגג, 'ăghagh, meaning unknown, possibly ?violent,? BDB): A name, or title, applied to the king of the Amalekites, like Abimelech in Philistia and Pharaoh in Egypt. It is used of two of these kings: (1) A king of Amalek, mentioned by Balaam (Num_24:7) in his blessing of Israel; (2) A later king, in the days of King Saul (1 Sam 15). Saul was sent with his army to destroy the Amalekites, who had so violently opposed Israel in the Wilderness. He disregarded the Divine command, sparing the best of the spoil, and saving Agag the king alive (1Sa_15:8, 1Sa_15:9). After rebuking Saul, Samuel had Agag put to death for all the atrocities committed by himself and his nation (1Sa_15:32, 1Sa_15:33).
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
A?gag, the name of two kings of the Amalekites, and perhaps a common name of all their kings, like Pharaoh in Egypt (comp. Num_24:7; 1Sa_15:8-9; 1Sa_15:20; 1Sa_15:32). The first of these passages would imply that the king of the Amalekites was, then at least, a greater monarch, and his people a greater people, than is commonly imagined [AMALEKITES]. The latter references are to that king of the Amalekites who was spared by Saul, contrary to that solemn vow of devotement to destruction, whereby the nation, as such, had of old precluded itself from giving any quarter to that people (Exo_17:14; Deu_25:17-19). Hence, when Samuel arrived in the camp of Saul, he ordered Agag to be brought forth. He came 'pleasantly,' deeming secure the life which the king had spared. But the prophet ordered him to be cut in pieces; and the expression which he employed?'As thy sword hath made women childless, so shall thy mother be childless among women'?indicates that, apart from the obligations of the vow, some such example of retributive justice was intended as had been exercised in the case of Adonibezek; or, in other words, that Agag had made himself infamous by the same treatment of some prisoners of distinction (probably Israelites) as he now received from Samuel. The unusual mode in which his death was inflicted strongly supports this conclusion.
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
1Sa_15:9 (c) This King of Amalek is a type of some wicked habit or evil way which is promoted and cultivated in the life of one who knows better. Haman was a descendant of the Agag family, and caused Israel great trouble in the time of Queen Esther. Saul should have killed Agag. In that he spared his life, he is a picture of the believer who spares things in his life that are hurtful to his own soul. We should never permit any Agag to remain in our lives.
Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types
press 1957.
Agag
(Heb. Agag, אֲגִג, perh. flame, from an Arab. root, in 1 Samuel always written אֲגָג; Sept. Α᾿γάγ, but Γώγ in Numbers.), the name of two kings of the Amalekites, and probably a common name of all their kings (Hengstenberg, Pentat. 2, 307), like Pharaoh in Egypt, and Achish or Abimelech among the Philistines. SEE AGAGITE.
1. The king apparently of one of the hostile neighboring nations, at the time of the Exode (B.C. 1618), referred to by Balaam (Num_24:7) in a manner implying that the king of the Amalekites was, then at least, a greater monarch, and his people a greater people, than is commonly imagined. SEE AMALEKITE.
2. A king of the Amalekites, who was spared by Saul, contrary to the solemn vow of devotement to destruction, SEE ANATHEMA, whereby the nation, as such, had of old precluded itself from giving any quarter to that people (Exo_17:14; Num_14:45). Hence when Samuel arrived in the camp of Saul he ordered Agag to be brought forth. He came pleasantly, deeming secure the life which the king had spared. But the prophet ordered him to be cut in pieces; and the expression which he employed As thy sword hath made women childless, so shall thy mother be childless among women indicates that apart from the obligations of the vow, some such example of retributive justice was intended as had been exercised in the case of Adonibezek; or, in other words, that Agag had made himself infamous by the same treatment of some prisoners of distinction (probably Israelites) as he now received from Samuel (see Diedrichs, Hinrichtung Agags, Gott. 1776). The unusual mode in which his death was inflicted strongly supports this conclusion (1Sa_15:8-33). B.C. cir. 1070. SEE SAMUEL.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
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