Ahijah
VIEW:53 DATA:01-04-2020
brother of the Lord
(same as Ahiah)
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
AHIJAH.1. 1Sa_14:3; 1Sa_14:18 is (AV [Note: Authorized Version.] Ahiah), a priest, son of Ahitub, who had charge of the oracular ephod and consulted it for Saul [read ephod for ark at 1Sa_14:18]. Ahijah is probably to he identified with Ahimelech (1Sa_21:1). 2. 1Ki_4:3, one of Solomons secretaries, who conducted the kings correspondence and wrote out his decrees. His father Shisha seems to have held the same office under David. 3. 1Ki_11:29 f., 1Ki_12:15, 2Ch_10:15, a prophet of Shiloh, who foretold the division of the kingdom and the elevation of Jeroboam. Subsequently he predicted the death of Jeroboams son (1Ki_14:2 ff.). 4. 1Ki_15:27; 1Ki_15:33, father of Baasha. 5. 1Ch_2:25 has an Ahijah, son of Jerahmeel, but is hopelessly corrupt. The LXX [Note: Septuagint.] gets rid of the name. 6. 1Ch_8:7 (AV [Note: Authorized Version.] Ahiah), son of Ehud, a Benjamite: at 1Ch_8:4 Ahoah, but LXX [Note: Septuagint.] Ahijah, 7. 1Ch_11:36, one of Davids heroes, from Palon, an unknown locality: perhaps Giloh should be read, seeing that Palon has already been mentioned (1Ch_11:27). 8. 1Ch_26:20, a Levite, overseer of the Temple treasures. But we ought probably to substitute the words, their brethren. 9. Neh_10:26 (RV [Note: Revised Version.] Ahiah), a layman who joined Nehemiah in signing the covenant.
J. Taylor.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
1. Son of Ahitub, Ichabod's brother, son of Phinehas, Eli's son, the Lord's priest in Shiloh, wearing an ephod (1Sa_14:3; 1Sa_14:18). The ark of God was in his charge, and with it and the ephod he used to consult Jehovah. In Saul's later years, probably after the slaughter of the priests at Nob the ark was neglected as a means of consulting Jehovah. It lay in the house of Abinadab in Gibeah of Benjamin (2Sa_6:3), probably the Benjamite quarter of Kirjath-jearim, or Baale, on the borders of Judah and Benjamin (Jos_18:14; Jos_18:28). Saul's irreverent haste of spirit appears in his breaking off in the midst of consulting God through Ahijah with the ark and ephod, because he was impatient to encounter the Philistines whose approach he discerned by the tumult. Contrast David's implicit submission to Jehovah's guidance in encountering the same Philistines (2Sa_5:19-25, compare Isa_28:16 end).
His rash adjuration binding the people not to eat all day, until he was avenged on the Philistines, involved the people in the sin of ravenously eating the cattle taken, with the blood, and Jonathan in that of unwittingly sinning by tasting honey, and so incurring the penalty of death. Saul ought to have had the conscientiousness which would have led him never to take such an oath, rather than the scrupulosity which condemned the people and Jonathan instead of himself. His projected night pursuit was consequently prevented; for the priest met his proposal, which was well received by the people, by suggesting that Jehovah should be consulted. No answer having been given, owing to Jonathan's sin of ignorance for which Saul was to blame, Saul's wish was defeated. As Ahijah is evidently equates to Ahimelech the son of Ahitub (unless he was his brother), this will account for a coldness springing up on Saul's part toward Ahijah and his family, which culminated in the cruel slaughter of them at Nob on the ground of treasonous concert with David (1 Samuel 21).
2. 1Ch_8:7.
3. 1Ch_2:25.
4. 1Ch_11:36.
5. 1Ch_26:20.
6. A prophet of Shiloh. He met outside of Jerusalem in the way, and foretold to, Jeroboam, the transfer of ten tribes to him from Solomon, for Solomon's idolatries, by the symbolic action of rending the garment on him into twelve pieces, of which he gave ten to Jeroboam. Further he assured him from God of "a sure house, such as He had built for David," if only Jeroboam would "walk in God's ways," as David did. Jeroboam fled from Solomon to Shishak, king of Egypt, where he stayed until Solomon died. The other prophecy of his (1Ki_14:6-16) was given to Jeroboam's wife, who in disguise consulted him as to her son Abijah's recovery.
Though blind with age he detected her, and announced that as Jeroboam had utterly failed in the one condition of continuance in the kingdom rent from David's house, which his former prophecy had laid down, namely, to keep God's commandments heartily as David did, Jeroboam's house should be taken away "as dung"; but that in reward for the good there was found in Abijah toward God, he alone should have an honorable burial (compare Isa_57:1-2), but that "Jehovah would smite Israel as a reed shaken in the water, and root up and scatter Israel beyond the river," Euphrates. Reference to his prophecy as one of the records of Solomon's reign is made in 2Ch_9:29. Probably it was he through whom the Lord encouraged Solomon in building the temple (1Ki_6:11).
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
Ahi'jah. See Ahiah.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
the prophet of the Lord, who dwelt in Shiloh. He is thought to be the person who spoke twice to Solomon from God, once while he was building the temple, 1Ki_6:11, at which time he promised him the divine protection; and again, 1Ki_11:11, after him falling into his irregularities, with great threatenings and reproaches. Ahijah was one of those who wrote the history or annals of this prince, 2Ch_9:29. The same prophet declared to Jeroboam, that he would usurp the kingdom, 1Ki_11:29, &c; and, about the end of Jeroboam's reign, he also predicted the death of Abijah, the only pious son of that prince, as is recorded 1Ki_14:2, &c. Ahijah, in all probability, did not long survive the delivery of this last prophecy; but we are not informed of the time and manner of his death.
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.
Ahijah the prophet is the most important of several people of that name in the Bible. He features in two incidents. The first was when he told Jeroboam that God would divide Solomons kingdom and give ten of the twelve tribes to Jeroboam (1Ki_11:28-38; see JEROBOAM). The promise was fulfilled with the division of the kingdom in 930 BC (1Ki_12:15).
Jeroboam, however, ignored Ahijahs command to walk in the ways of God (1Ki_11:38), and this resulted in the second incident involving Ahijah. Jeroboam wanted Ahijahs help, but, knowing that Ahijah was angry with him, he sent his wife disguised as someone else (1Ki_14:1-5). Ahijah was aware of Jeroboams trick, and announced that he would not escape Gods judgment. He had rebelled against God, and therefore his dynasty would be destroyed (1Ki_14:6-16). Again the words of the prophet came true (1Ki_14:17-18; 1Ki_15:29).
Bridgeway Bible Dictionary by Don Fleming
PRINTER 1990.
a-hı̄?ja (אחיּה, 'ăḥı̄yāh or אחיּהוּ, 'ăḥı̄yāhū, ?brother of Yahweh,? ?my brother is Yahweh,? ?Yah is brother.? In the King James Version the name sometimes appears as Ahiah):
(1) One of the sons of Jerahmeel the great-grandson of Judah (1Ch_2:25).
(2) A descendant of Benjamin (1Ch_8:7).
(3) The son of Ahitub, priest in the time of King Saul (1Sa_14:3, 1Sa_14:18). Either he is the same with Ahimelech, who is mentioned later, or he is the father or brother of Ahimelech. He is introduced to us when Saul has been so long on the throne that his son Jonathan is a man grown and a warrior. He is in attendance upon Saul, evidently as an official priest, ?wearing an ephod.? When Saul wishes direction from God he asks the priest to bring hither the ark; but then, without waiting for the message, Saul counts the confusion in the Philistine camp a sufficient indication of the will of Providence, and hurries off to the attack. Some copies of the Greek here read ?ephod? instead of ?ark,? but the documentary evidence in favor of that reading is far from decisive. If the Hebrew reading is correct, then the seclusion of the ark, from the time of its return from Philistia to the time of David, was not so absolute as many have supposed. See AHIMELECH I.
(4) One of David's mighty men, according to the list in 1Ch_11:36. The corresponding name in the list in 2Sa_23:34 is Eliam the son of Ahithophel the Gilonite.
(5) A Levite of David's time who had charge of certain treasures connected with the house of God (1Ch_26:20). The Greek copies presuppose the slightly different text which would give in English ?and their brethren,? instead of Ahijah. This is accepted by many scholars, and it is at least more plausible than most of the proposed corrections of the Hebrew text by the Greek.
(6) Son of Sinsha and brother of Elihoreph (1Ki_4:3). The two brothers were scribes of Solomon. Can the scribes Ahijah and Shemaiah (1Ch_24:6) be identified with the men of the same names who, later, were known as distinguished prophets? Sinsha is probably the same with Shavsha (1Ch_18:16; compare 2Sa_8:17; 2Sa_20:25), who was scribe under David, the office in this case descending from father to son.
(7) The distinguished prophet of Shiloh, who was interested in Jeroboam I. In Solomon's lifetime Ahijah clothed himself with a new robe, met Jeroboam outside Jerusalem, tore the robe into twelve pieces, and gave him ten, in token that he should become king of the ten tribes (1Ki_11:29-39). Later, when Jeroboam had proved unfaithful to Yahweh, he sent his wife to Ahijah to ask in regard to their sick son. The prophet received her harshly, foretold the death of the son, and threatened the extermination of the house of Jeroboam (1 Ki 14). The narrative makes the impression that Ahijah was at this time a very old man (1Ki_14:4). These incidents are differently narrated in the long addition at 1Ki_12:24 found in some of the Greek copies. In that addition the account of the sick boy precedes that of the rent garment, and both are placed between the account of Jeroboam's return from Egypt and that of the secession of the ten tribes, an order in which it is impossible to think that the events occurred. Further, this addition attributes the incident of the rent garment to Shemaiah and not to Ahijah, and says that Ahijah was 60 years old.
Other notices speak of the fulfillment of the threatening prophecies spoken by Ahijah (2Ch_10:15; 1Ki_12:15; 1Ki_15:29). In 2 Ch ?the prophecy of Ahijah the Shilonite? is referred to as a source for the history of Solomon (2Ch_9:29).
(8) The father of Baasha king of Israel (1Ki_15:27, 1Ki_15:33; 1Ki_21:22; 2Ki_9:9).
(9) A Levite of Nehemiah's time, who sealed the covenant (Neh_10:26 the King James Version).
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Ahi?jah (same name as Ahiah), a prophet residing in Shiloh in the times of Solomon and Jeroboam. He appears to have put on record some of the transactions of the former reign (2Ch_9:29). It devolved on him to announce and sanction the separation of the ten tribes from the house of David, as well as the foundation (1Ki_11:29-39), and, after many years, the subversion of the dynasty of Jeroboam (1Ki_14:7-11) [JEROBOAM].
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
Ahijah
(Hebrew Achiyah', אֲחַיָּה, brother [i.e. friend] of Jehovah, also in the prolonged form Achiya'hu, חַיָּהוּ1Ki_14:4-6; 1Ki_14:18; 2Ch_10:5; Sept. Α᾿χιά or Α᾿χία, but omits in 1Ch_2:25, οἱ Λευϊvται ἀδελφοὶ αὐτῶν in 1Ch_26:20, Α᾿ϊvα in Neh_10:26; Auth. Vers. "Ahiah" in 1Sa_14:3; 1Sa_14:18; 1Ki_4:3; 1Ch_8:7), the name of several men.
1. The second named of the three earlier sons of Bela son of Benjamin (1Ch_8:7), [SEE SHAHARAIM,] elsewhere (1Ch_8:4) called AHOAH SEE AHOAH (q.v.).
2. The last named of the five sons of Jerahmeel (great-grandson of Judah) by his first wife (1Ch_2:25), B.C. cir. 1612.
3. A son of Ahitub, and high-priest in the reign of Saul (1Sa_14:3; 1Sa_14:18); hence probably the same as AHIMELECH SEE AHIMELECH (q.v.) the son of Ahitub, who was high-priest at Nob in the same reign, and was slain by Saul for assisting David (1Sa_22:11). SEE HIGH PRIEST. In the former passage Ahijah is described as being the Lord's priest in Shiloh, wearing an ephod. And it appears that the ark of God was under his care, and that he inquired of the Lord by means of it and the ephod (comp. 1Ch_13:3). There is, however, some difficulty in reconciling this statement concerning the ark being used for inquiring by Ahijah at Sauls bidding and the statement elsewhere (1Ch_13:3), that they inquired not at the ark in the days of Saul, if we understand the latter expression in the strictest sense. This difficulty seems to have led to the reading in the Vatican copy of the Sept. at 1Sa_14:18, of "ephod" instead of ark" (τὸ ἐφούδ instead of τὴν κιβωτόν, or rather, perhaps, of אֵפוֹרinstead of אָרוֹן, in the Hebrew codex from which that version was made). Others avoid the difficulty by interpreting the ark in this case to mean a chest for carrying about the ephod in. But all difficulty will disappear if we apply the expression only to all the latter years of the reign of Saul, when we know that the priestly establishment was at Nob, and not at Kirjath-jearim, or Baale of Judah, where the ark was. The narrative in 1 Samuel 14 is entirely favorable to the mention of the ark; for it appears that Saul was at the time in Gibeah of Benjamin, so near the place where the house of Abinadab was situated (2Sa_6:3) as to be almost a quarter of Kirjath-jearim, which lay on the very borders of Judah and Benjamin (see Jos_18:14; Jos_18:28). Whether it was the encroachments of the Philistines, or an incipient schism between the tribes of Benjamin and Judah, or any other cause, which led to the disuse of the ark during the latter years of Saul's reign, is difficult to say. But probably the last time that Ahijah inquired of the Lord before the ark was on the occasion related 1Sa_14:36, when Saul marred his victory over the Philistines by his rash oath, which nearly cost Jonathan his life; for we there read that when Saul proposed a night-pursuit of the Philistines, the priest, Ahijah, said, Let us draw near hither unto God," for the purpose, namely, of asking counsel of God. But God returned no answer, in consequence, as it seems, of Saul's rash curse. If, as is commonly thought, and as seems most likely, Ahijah is the same person as Ahimelech the son of Ahitub, this failure to obtain an answer from the priest, followed as it was by a rising of the people to save Jonathan out of Saul's hands, may have led to an estrangement between the king and the high-priest, and predisposed him to suspect Ahimelech's loyalty, and to take that terrible revenge upon him for his favor to David. Such changes of name as Ahi-melech and Ahi-jah are not uncommon. However, it is not impossible that, as Gesenius supposes (Thes. Heb. p. 65), Ahimelech may have been brother to Ahijah, and that they officiated simultaneously, the one at Gibeah or Kirjath-jearim, and the other at Nob. SEE ARK.
4. A Pelonite, one of David's famous heroes (1Ch_11:36); apparently the same called ELIAM SEE ELIAM (q.v.) the son of Ahithophel the Gilonite in the parallel passage (2Sa_23:34). SEE DAVID.
5. A Levite appointed over the sacred treasury of dedicated things at the Temple in the arrangement by David (1Ch_26:20), B.C. 1014.
6. The last named of the two sons of Shisha, secretaries of King Solomon
(1Ki_4:3), B.C. 1014.
7. A prophet of Shiloh (1Ki_14:2), hence called the Shilonite (1Ki_11:29), in the days of Rehoboam, of whom we have two remarkable prophecies extant: the one in 1Ki_11:31-39, addressed to Jeroboam, announcing the rending of the ten tribes from Solomon, in punishment of his idolatries, and the transfer of the kingdom to Jeroboam, B.C. 973. This prophecy, though delivered privately, became known to Solomon, and excited his wrath against Jeroboam, who fled for his life into Egypt, to Shishak, and remained there till Solomon's death. The other prophecy, in 1Ki_14:6-16, was delivered in the prophet's extreme old age to Jeroboam's wife, in which he foretold the death of Abijah (q.v.), the king's son, who was sick, and to inquire concerning whom the queen had come in disguise, and then went on to denounce the destruction of Jeroboam's house on account of the images which he had set up, and to foretell the captivity of Israel "beyond the river" Euphrates, B.C. 952. These prophecies give us a high idea of the faithfulness and boldness of Ahijah, and of the eminent rank which he attained as a prophet. Jeroboam's speech concerning him (1Ki_14:2-3) shows the estimation in which he held his truth and prophetic powers. In 2Ch_9:29, reference is made to a record of the events of Solomon's reign contained in the prophecy of Ahijah the Shilonite." If there were a larger work of Ahijah's, the passage in 1 Kings 11, is doubtless an extract from it. SEE JEROBOAM.
8. An Issacharite, father of Baasha, king of Israel (1Ki_15:27; 1Ki_15:33; 1Ki_21:2; 2Ki_9:9), B.C. ante 950.
9. One of the chief Israelites who subscribed the sacred covenant drawn up by Nehemiah (Neh_10:26), B.C. cir. 410.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
(same as Ahiah)
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
AHIJAH.1. 1Sa_14:3; 1Sa_14:18 is (AV [Note: Authorized Version.] Ahiah), a priest, son of Ahitub, who had charge of the oracular ephod and consulted it for Saul [read ephod for ark at 1Sa_14:18]. Ahijah is probably to he identified with Ahimelech (1Sa_21:1). 2. 1Ki_4:3, one of Solomons secretaries, who conducted the kings correspondence and wrote out his decrees. His father Shisha seems to have held the same office under David. 3. 1Ki_11:29 f., 1Ki_12:15, 2Ch_10:15, a prophet of Shiloh, who foretold the division of the kingdom and the elevation of Jeroboam. Subsequently he predicted the death of Jeroboams son (1Ki_14:2 ff.). 4. 1Ki_15:27; 1Ki_15:33, father of Baasha. 5. 1Ch_2:25 has an Ahijah, son of Jerahmeel, but is hopelessly corrupt. The LXX [Note: Septuagint.] gets rid of the name. 6. 1Ch_8:7 (AV [Note: Authorized Version.] Ahiah), son of Ehud, a Benjamite: at 1Ch_8:4 Ahoah, but LXX [Note: Septuagint.] Ahijah, 7. 1Ch_11:36, one of Davids heroes, from Palon, an unknown locality: perhaps Giloh should be read, seeing that Palon has already been mentioned (1Ch_11:27). 8. 1Ch_26:20, a Levite, overseer of the Temple treasures. But we ought probably to substitute the words, their brethren. 9. Neh_10:26 (RV [Note: Revised Version.] Ahiah), a layman who joined Nehemiah in signing the covenant.
J. Taylor.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
1. Son of Ahitub, Ichabod's brother, son of Phinehas, Eli's son, the Lord's priest in Shiloh, wearing an ephod (1Sa_14:3; 1Sa_14:18). The ark of God was in his charge, and with it and the ephod he used to consult Jehovah. In Saul's later years, probably after the slaughter of the priests at Nob the ark was neglected as a means of consulting Jehovah. It lay in the house of Abinadab in Gibeah of Benjamin (2Sa_6:3), probably the Benjamite quarter of Kirjath-jearim, or Baale, on the borders of Judah and Benjamin (Jos_18:14; Jos_18:28). Saul's irreverent haste of spirit appears in his breaking off in the midst of consulting God through Ahijah with the ark and ephod, because he was impatient to encounter the Philistines whose approach he discerned by the tumult. Contrast David's implicit submission to Jehovah's guidance in encountering the same Philistines (2Sa_5:19-25, compare Isa_28:16 end).
His rash adjuration binding the people not to eat all day, until he was avenged on the Philistines, involved the people in the sin of ravenously eating the cattle taken, with the blood, and Jonathan in that of unwittingly sinning by tasting honey, and so incurring the penalty of death. Saul ought to have had the conscientiousness which would have led him never to take such an oath, rather than the scrupulosity which condemned the people and Jonathan instead of himself. His projected night pursuit was consequently prevented; for the priest met his proposal, which was well received by the people, by suggesting that Jehovah should be consulted. No answer having been given, owing to Jonathan's sin of ignorance for which Saul was to blame, Saul's wish was defeated. As Ahijah is evidently equates to Ahimelech the son of Ahitub (unless he was his brother), this will account for a coldness springing up on Saul's part toward Ahijah and his family, which culminated in the cruel slaughter of them at Nob on the ground of treasonous concert with David (1 Samuel 21).
2. 1Ch_8:7.
3. 1Ch_2:25.
4. 1Ch_11:36.
5. 1Ch_26:20.
6. A prophet of Shiloh. He met outside of Jerusalem in the way, and foretold to, Jeroboam, the transfer of ten tribes to him from Solomon, for Solomon's idolatries, by the symbolic action of rending the garment on him into twelve pieces, of which he gave ten to Jeroboam. Further he assured him from God of "a sure house, such as He had built for David," if only Jeroboam would "walk in God's ways," as David did. Jeroboam fled from Solomon to Shishak, king of Egypt, where he stayed until Solomon died. The other prophecy of his (1Ki_14:6-16) was given to Jeroboam's wife, who in disguise consulted him as to her son Abijah's recovery.
Though blind with age he detected her, and announced that as Jeroboam had utterly failed in the one condition of continuance in the kingdom rent from David's house, which his former prophecy had laid down, namely, to keep God's commandments heartily as David did, Jeroboam's house should be taken away "as dung"; but that in reward for the good there was found in Abijah toward God, he alone should have an honorable burial (compare Isa_57:1-2), but that "Jehovah would smite Israel as a reed shaken in the water, and root up and scatter Israel beyond the river," Euphrates. Reference to his prophecy as one of the records of Solomon's reign is made in 2Ch_9:29. Probably it was he through whom the Lord encouraged Solomon in building the temple (1Ki_6:11).
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
Ahi'jah. See Ahiah.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
the prophet of the Lord, who dwelt in Shiloh. He is thought to be the person who spoke twice to Solomon from God, once while he was building the temple, 1Ki_6:11, at which time he promised him the divine protection; and again, 1Ki_11:11, after him falling into his irregularities, with great threatenings and reproaches. Ahijah was one of those who wrote the history or annals of this prince, 2Ch_9:29. The same prophet declared to Jeroboam, that he would usurp the kingdom, 1Ki_11:29, &c; and, about the end of Jeroboam's reign, he also predicted the death of Abijah, the only pious son of that prince, as is recorded 1Ki_14:2, &c. Ahijah, in all probability, did not long survive the delivery of this last prophecy; but we are not informed of the time and manner of his death.
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.
Ahijah the prophet is the most important of several people of that name in the Bible. He features in two incidents. The first was when he told Jeroboam that God would divide Solomons kingdom and give ten of the twelve tribes to Jeroboam (1Ki_11:28-38; see JEROBOAM). The promise was fulfilled with the division of the kingdom in 930 BC (1Ki_12:15).
Jeroboam, however, ignored Ahijahs command to walk in the ways of God (1Ki_11:38), and this resulted in the second incident involving Ahijah. Jeroboam wanted Ahijahs help, but, knowing that Ahijah was angry with him, he sent his wife disguised as someone else (1Ki_14:1-5). Ahijah was aware of Jeroboams trick, and announced that he would not escape Gods judgment. He had rebelled against God, and therefore his dynasty would be destroyed (1Ki_14:6-16). Again the words of the prophet came true (1Ki_14:17-18; 1Ki_15:29).
Bridgeway Bible Dictionary by Don Fleming
PRINTER 1990.
a-hı̄?ja (אחיּה, 'ăḥı̄yāh or אחיּהוּ, 'ăḥı̄yāhū, ?brother of Yahweh,? ?my brother is Yahweh,? ?Yah is brother.? In the King James Version the name sometimes appears as Ahiah):
(1) One of the sons of Jerahmeel the great-grandson of Judah (1Ch_2:25).
(2) A descendant of Benjamin (1Ch_8:7).
(3) The son of Ahitub, priest in the time of King Saul (1Sa_14:3, 1Sa_14:18). Either he is the same with Ahimelech, who is mentioned later, or he is the father or brother of Ahimelech. He is introduced to us when Saul has been so long on the throne that his son Jonathan is a man grown and a warrior. He is in attendance upon Saul, evidently as an official priest, ?wearing an ephod.? When Saul wishes direction from God he asks the priest to bring hither the ark; but then, without waiting for the message, Saul counts the confusion in the Philistine camp a sufficient indication of the will of Providence, and hurries off to the attack. Some copies of the Greek here read ?ephod? instead of ?ark,? but the documentary evidence in favor of that reading is far from decisive. If the Hebrew reading is correct, then the seclusion of the ark, from the time of its return from Philistia to the time of David, was not so absolute as many have supposed. See AHIMELECH I.
(4) One of David's mighty men, according to the list in 1Ch_11:36. The corresponding name in the list in 2Sa_23:34 is Eliam the son of Ahithophel the Gilonite.
(5) A Levite of David's time who had charge of certain treasures connected with the house of God (1Ch_26:20). The Greek copies presuppose the slightly different text which would give in English ?and their brethren,? instead of Ahijah. This is accepted by many scholars, and it is at least more plausible than most of the proposed corrections of the Hebrew text by the Greek.
(6) Son of Sinsha and brother of Elihoreph (1Ki_4:3). The two brothers were scribes of Solomon. Can the scribes Ahijah and Shemaiah (1Ch_24:6) be identified with the men of the same names who, later, were known as distinguished prophets? Sinsha is probably the same with Shavsha (1Ch_18:16; compare 2Sa_8:17; 2Sa_20:25), who was scribe under David, the office in this case descending from father to son.
(7) The distinguished prophet of Shiloh, who was interested in Jeroboam I. In Solomon's lifetime Ahijah clothed himself with a new robe, met Jeroboam outside Jerusalem, tore the robe into twelve pieces, and gave him ten, in token that he should become king of the ten tribes (1Ki_11:29-39). Later, when Jeroboam had proved unfaithful to Yahweh, he sent his wife to Ahijah to ask in regard to their sick son. The prophet received her harshly, foretold the death of the son, and threatened the extermination of the house of Jeroboam (1 Ki 14). The narrative makes the impression that Ahijah was at this time a very old man (1Ki_14:4). These incidents are differently narrated in the long addition at 1Ki_12:24 found in some of the Greek copies. In that addition the account of the sick boy precedes that of the rent garment, and both are placed between the account of Jeroboam's return from Egypt and that of the secession of the ten tribes, an order in which it is impossible to think that the events occurred. Further, this addition attributes the incident of the rent garment to Shemaiah and not to Ahijah, and says that Ahijah was 60 years old.
Other notices speak of the fulfillment of the threatening prophecies spoken by Ahijah (2Ch_10:15; 1Ki_12:15; 1Ki_15:29). In 2 Ch ?the prophecy of Ahijah the Shilonite? is referred to as a source for the history of Solomon (2Ch_9:29).
(8) The father of Baasha king of Israel (1Ki_15:27, 1Ki_15:33; 1Ki_21:22; 2Ki_9:9).
(9) A Levite of Nehemiah's time, who sealed the covenant (Neh_10:26 the King James Version).
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Ahi?jah (same name as Ahiah), a prophet residing in Shiloh in the times of Solomon and Jeroboam. He appears to have put on record some of the transactions of the former reign (2Ch_9:29). It devolved on him to announce and sanction the separation of the ten tribes from the house of David, as well as the foundation (1Ki_11:29-39), and, after many years, the subversion of the dynasty of Jeroboam (1Ki_14:7-11) [JEROBOAM].
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
Ahijah
(Hebrew Achiyah', אֲחַיָּה, brother [i.e. friend] of Jehovah, also in the prolonged form Achiya'hu, חַיָּהוּ1Ki_14:4-6; 1Ki_14:18; 2Ch_10:5; Sept. Α᾿χιά or Α᾿χία, but omits in 1Ch_2:25, οἱ Λευϊvται ἀδελφοὶ αὐτῶν in 1Ch_26:20, Α᾿ϊvα in Neh_10:26; Auth. Vers. "Ahiah" in 1Sa_14:3; 1Sa_14:18; 1Ki_4:3; 1Ch_8:7), the name of several men.
1. The second named of the three earlier sons of Bela son of Benjamin (1Ch_8:7), [SEE SHAHARAIM,] elsewhere (1Ch_8:4) called AHOAH SEE AHOAH (q.v.).
2. The last named of the five sons of Jerahmeel (great-grandson of Judah) by his first wife (1Ch_2:25), B.C. cir. 1612.
3. A son of Ahitub, and high-priest in the reign of Saul (1Sa_14:3; 1Sa_14:18); hence probably the same as AHIMELECH SEE AHIMELECH (q.v.) the son of Ahitub, who was high-priest at Nob in the same reign, and was slain by Saul for assisting David (1Sa_22:11). SEE HIGH PRIEST. In the former passage Ahijah is described as being the Lord's priest in Shiloh, wearing an ephod. And it appears that the ark of God was under his care, and that he inquired of the Lord by means of it and the ephod (comp. 1Ch_13:3). There is, however, some difficulty in reconciling this statement concerning the ark being used for inquiring by Ahijah at Sauls bidding and the statement elsewhere (1Ch_13:3), that they inquired not at the ark in the days of Saul, if we understand the latter expression in the strictest sense. This difficulty seems to have led to the reading in the Vatican copy of the Sept. at 1Sa_14:18, of "ephod" instead of ark" (τὸ ἐφούδ instead of τὴν κιβωτόν, or rather, perhaps, of אֵפוֹרinstead of אָרוֹן, in the Hebrew codex from which that version was made). Others avoid the difficulty by interpreting the ark in this case to mean a chest for carrying about the ephod in. But all difficulty will disappear if we apply the expression only to all the latter years of the reign of Saul, when we know that the priestly establishment was at Nob, and not at Kirjath-jearim, or Baale of Judah, where the ark was. The narrative in 1 Samuel 14 is entirely favorable to the mention of the ark; for it appears that Saul was at the time in Gibeah of Benjamin, so near the place where the house of Abinadab was situated (2Sa_6:3) as to be almost a quarter of Kirjath-jearim, which lay on the very borders of Judah and Benjamin (see Jos_18:14; Jos_18:28). Whether it was the encroachments of the Philistines, or an incipient schism between the tribes of Benjamin and Judah, or any other cause, which led to the disuse of the ark during the latter years of Saul's reign, is difficult to say. But probably the last time that Ahijah inquired of the Lord before the ark was on the occasion related 1Sa_14:36, when Saul marred his victory over the Philistines by his rash oath, which nearly cost Jonathan his life; for we there read that when Saul proposed a night-pursuit of the Philistines, the priest, Ahijah, said, Let us draw near hither unto God," for the purpose, namely, of asking counsel of God. But God returned no answer, in consequence, as it seems, of Saul's rash curse. If, as is commonly thought, and as seems most likely, Ahijah is the same person as Ahimelech the son of Ahitub, this failure to obtain an answer from the priest, followed as it was by a rising of the people to save Jonathan out of Saul's hands, may have led to an estrangement between the king and the high-priest, and predisposed him to suspect Ahimelech's loyalty, and to take that terrible revenge upon him for his favor to David. Such changes of name as Ahi-melech and Ahi-jah are not uncommon. However, it is not impossible that, as Gesenius supposes (Thes. Heb. p. 65), Ahimelech may have been brother to Ahijah, and that they officiated simultaneously, the one at Gibeah or Kirjath-jearim, and the other at Nob. SEE ARK.
4. A Pelonite, one of David's famous heroes (1Ch_11:36); apparently the same called ELIAM SEE ELIAM (q.v.) the son of Ahithophel the Gilonite in the parallel passage (2Sa_23:34). SEE DAVID.
5. A Levite appointed over the sacred treasury of dedicated things at the Temple in the arrangement by David (1Ch_26:20), B.C. 1014.
6. The last named of the two sons of Shisha, secretaries of King Solomon
(1Ki_4:3), B.C. 1014.
7. A prophet of Shiloh (1Ki_14:2), hence called the Shilonite (1Ki_11:29), in the days of Rehoboam, of whom we have two remarkable prophecies extant: the one in 1Ki_11:31-39, addressed to Jeroboam, announcing the rending of the ten tribes from Solomon, in punishment of his idolatries, and the transfer of the kingdom to Jeroboam, B.C. 973. This prophecy, though delivered privately, became known to Solomon, and excited his wrath against Jeroboam, who fled for his life into Egypt, to Shishak, and remained there till Solomon's death. The other prophecy, in 1Ki_14:6-16, was delivered in the prophet's extreme old age to Jeroboam's wife, in which he foretold the death of Abijah (q.v.), the king's son, who was sick, and to inquire concerning whom the queen had come in disguise, and then went on to denounce the destruction of Jeroboam's house on account of the images which he had set up, and to foretell the captivity of Israel "beyond the river" Euphrates, B.C. 952. These prophecies give us a high idea of the faithfulness and boldness of Ahijah, and of the eminent rank which he attained as a prophet. Jeroboam's speech concerning him (1Ki_14:2-3) shows the estimation in which he held his truth and prophetic powers. In 2Ch_9:29, reference is made to a record of the events of Solomon's reign contained in the prophecy of Ahijah the Shilonite." If there were a larger work of Ahijah's, the passage in 1 Kings 11, is doubtless an extract from it. SEE JEROBOAM.
8. An Issacharite, father of Baasha, king of Israel (1Ki_15:27; 1Ki_15:33; 1Ki_21:2; 2Ki_9:9), B.C. ante 950.
9. One of the chief Israelites who subscribed the sacred covenant drawn up by Nehemiah (Neh_10:26), B.C. cir. 410.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
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