Familiar
VIEW:46 DATA:01-04-2020
FAMILIAR.The expression familiar spirit was taken into the AV [Note: Authorized Version.] from the Geneva Version, as the trans. of Heb. obh. See Magic, etc. The word is also used as a subst. in Jer_20:10 All my familiars watched for my halting (RV [Note: Revised Version.] familiar friends, Heb. men of my place).
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
fa-mil?yar: Is found as an adjective qualifying ?friend? and ?spirit.?
(1) Used, in a number of Old Testament passages, of spirits which were supposed to come at the call of one who had power over them. אוב, 'ōbh, literally, something ?hollow?; compare אוב, 'ōbh, ?bottle? (Job_32:19 the King James Version); because the voice of the spirit might have been supposed to come from the one possessed, as from a bottle, or because of the hollow sound which characterized the utterance, as out of the ground (Isa_29:4); or, as some have conjectured, akin to אוּב, 'ūbh, ?return? (νεκρόμαντις, nekrómantis). Probably called ?familiar? because it was regarded as a servant (famulus), belonging to the family (familiaris), who might be summoned to do the commands of the one possessing it. The practice of consulting familiar spirits was forbidden by the Mosaic law (Lev_19:31; Lev_20:6, Lev_20:27; Deu_18:11). King Saul put this away early in his reign, but consulted the witch of Endor, who ?had a familiar spirit? (1Sa_28:3, 1Sa_28:7, 1Sa_28:8, 1Sa_28:9; 1Ch_10:13). King Manasseh fell into the same sin (2Ki_21:6; 2Ch_33:6); but Josiah put those who dealt with familiar spirits out of the land (2Ki_23:24).
It seems probable, however, that the practice prevailed more or less among the people till the exile (Isa_8:19; Isa_19:3). See ?Divination by the 'Ôb? in Expository Times, IX, 157; ASTROLOGY, 1; COMMUNION WITH DEMONS.
(2) ?Familiars,? ?familiar friend,? from ידע, yādha‛, ?to know,? hence, ?acquaintance,? one intimately attached (Job_19:14); but more frequently of 'ĕnōsh shālōm, ?man of (my or thy) peace,? that is, one to whom the salutation of peace is given (Psa_41:9; Jer_20:10; Jer_38:22; also in Oba_1:7, rendered ?the men that were at peace with thee?).
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
1Sa_28:7 (a) It was generally thought that certain witches, necromancers, soothsayers, magicians and astrologers were in intimate association with certain spirits in the other world. This group of people taught that those with whom they communicated in the other world would listen to their call and come back to earth with a message. These folk claimed to be able to reach out into eternity and call for the appearance of anyone they desired. It was a devilish program which was condemned severely by GOD. The Lord said, "Should the living seek to the dead?" Isa_8:19. We cannot be on familiar terms with anyone who has died except our Lord JESUS CHRIST for He came back from the dead and called on us to have fellowship with Him.
Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types
press 1957.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
fa-mil?yar: Is found as an adjective qualifying ?friend? and ?spirit.?
(1) Used, in a number of Old Testament passages, of spirits which were supposed to come at the call of one who had power over them. אוב, 'ōbh, literally, something ?hollow?; compare אוב, 'ōbh, ?bottle? (Job_32:19 the King James Version); because the voice of the spirit might have been supposed to come from the one possessed, as from a bottle, or because of the hollow sound which characterized the utterance, as out of the ground (Isa_29:4); or, as some have conjectured, akin to אוּב, 'ūbh, ?return? (νεκρόμαντις, nekrómantis). Probably called ?familiar? because it was regarded as a servant (famulus), belonging to the family (familiaris), who might be summoned to do the commands of the one possessing it. The practice of consulting familiar spirits was forbidden by the Mosaic law (Lev_19:31; Lev_20:6, Lev_20:27; Deu_18:11). King Saul put this away early in his reign, but consulted the witch of Endor, who ?had a familiar spirit? (1Sa_28:3, 1Sa_28:7, 1Sa_28:8, 1Sa_28:9; 1Ch_10:13). King Manasseh fell into the same sin (2Ki_21:6; 2Ch_33:6); but Josiah put those who dealt with familiar spirits out of the land (2Ki_23:24).
It seems probable, however, that the practice prevailed more or less among the people till the exile (Isa_8:19; Isa_19:3). See ?Divination by the 'Ôb? in Expository Times, IX, 157; ASTROLOGY, 1; COMMUNION WITH DEMONS.
(2) ?Familiars,? ?familiar friend,? from ידע, yādha‛, ?to know,? hence, ?acquaintance,? one intimately attached (Job_19:14); but more frequently of 'ĕnōsh shālōm, ?man of (my or thy) peace,? that is, one to whom the salutation of peace is given (Psa_41:9; Jer_20:10; Jer_38:22; also in Oba_1:7, rendered ?the men that were at peace with thee?).
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
1Sa_28:7 (a) It was generally thought that certain witches, necromancers, soothsayers, magicians and astrologers were in intimate association with certain spirits in the other world. This group of people taught that those with whom they communicated in the other world would listen to their call and come back to earth with a message. These folk claimed to be able to reach out into eternity and call for the appearance of anyone they desired. It was a devilish program which was condemned severely by GOD. The Lord said, "Should the living seek to the dead?" Isa_8:19. We cannot be on familiar terms with anyone who has died except our Lord JESUS CHRIST for He came back from the dead and called on us to have fellowship with Him.
Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types
press 1957.
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