Floor
VIEW:36 DATA:01-04-2020
FLOOR.Used in AV [Note: Authorized Version.] (a) in the primary sense of a house-floor, and (b) in the secondary sense of a threshing-floor, the Heb. words for which are quite distinct. Under (a) we have the earthen floor of the Tabernacle, Num_5:17, and the wooden floor of the Temple, 1Ki_6:15 (see House, § 4.) By from floor to floor, 1Ki_7:7 RV [Note: Revised Version.] , is meant from floor to ceiling, a sense implied in the better reading from the floor to the rafters; cf. 1Ki_6:15, wherefor walls read rafters of the ceiling. In Amo_9:3 our EV [Note: English Version.] has obscured the figure the floor of the sea.
(b) Where floor occurs in the sense of threshing-floor (see Agriculture, § 3), the latter has been substituted by RV [Note: Revised Version.] except in three passages (Gen_50:11, Isa_21:10, Joe_2:24). The same word (goren) appears as barnfloor (2Ki_6:27, RV [Note: Revised Version.] threshing-floor) and cornfloor (Hos_9:1 AV [Note: Authorized Version.] and RV [Note: Revised Version.] ).
A. R. S. Kennedy.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
Floor. See Gabbatha.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
for threshing corn, or threshing floor, is frequently mentioned in Scripture. This was a place in the open air, in which corn was threshed, by means of a cart or sledge, or some other instrument drawn by oxen. The threshing floors among the Jews were only, as they are to this day in the east, round level plats of ground in the open air, where the corn was trodden out by oxen. Thus Gideon's floor appears to have been in the open air, Jdg_6:37; and also that of Araunah the Jebusite, 2 Samuel 24, otherwise it would not have been a proper place for erecting an altar, and offering sacrifices. In Hos_13:3, we read of the chaff which is driven by the whirlwind from the floor. This circumstance of the threshing floor's being exposed to the agitation of the wind seems to be the principal reason of its Hebrew name. It appears, therefore, that a threshing floor, which is rendered in our textual translation, a void place, might well be near the entrance of the gate of Samaria, and a proper situation in which the kings of Israel and Judah might hear the prophets, 1Ki_22:10; 2Ch_18:9. An instrument sometimes used in Palestine and the east, to force the corn out of the ear, and bruise the straw, was a heavy kind of sledge made of thick boards, and furnished beneath with teeth of stone or iron, Isa_41:15. The sheaves being laid in order, the sledge was drawn over the straw by oxen, and at the same time threshed out the corn, and cut or broke the straw into a kind of chaff. An instrument in the east is still used for the same purpose. This sledge is alluded to in
2Sa_12:31; Isa_28:27; Isa_41:15; Amo_1:3. Dr. Lowth, in his notes on Isa_28:27-28, observes, that four methods of threshing are mentioned in this passage, by different instruments, the flail, the drag, the wain, and the treading of the cattle. The staff, or flail, was used for the infirmiora semina, the grain that was too tender to be treated in the other methods. The drag consisted of a sort of frame of strong planks, made rough at the bottom with hard stones or iron; it was drawn by horses or oxen over the corn sheaves on the floor, the driver sitting upon it. The wain was nearly similar to this instrument, but had wheels with iron teeth, or edges like a saw. The last method is well known from the law of Moses, which forbids the ox to be muzzled when he treadeth out the corn.
Niebuhr, in his Travels, gives the following description of a machine which the people of Egypt use at this day for threshing out their corn: This machine, says he, is called nauridsj. It has three rollers which turn on their axles; and each of them is furnished with some irons round and flat.
At the beginning of June, Mr. Forskall and I several times saw, in the environs of Dsjise, how corn was threshed in Egypt. Every peasant chose for himself, in the open field, a smooth plat of ground from eighty to a hundred paces in circumference. Hither was brought on camels or asses the corn in sheaves, of which was formed a ring of six or eight feet wide, and two high. Two oxen were made to draw over it again and again the sledge, traineau, above mentioned; and this was done with the greatest convenience to the driver; for he was seated in a chair fixed on the sledge. Two such parcels or layers of corn are threshed out in a day, and they move each of them as many as eight times, with a wooden fork of five prongs, which they call meddre. Afterward they throw the straw into the middle of the ring, where it forms a heap, which grows bigger and bigger. When the first layer is threshed they replace the straw in the ring, and thresh it as before. Thus the straw becomes every time smaller, till at last it resembles chopped straw. After this, with the fork just described, they cast the whole some yards from thence, and against the wind; which driving back the straw, the corn and the ears not threshed out fall apart from it, and make another heap. A man collects the clods of dirt, and other impurities to which any corn adheres, and throws them into a sieve. They afterward place in a ring the heaps, in which a good many entire ears are still found, and drive over them for four or five hours together ten couple of oxen joined two and two, till by absolute trampling they have separated the grains, which they throw into the air with a shovel to cleanse them.
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.
flōr. See HOUSE; THRESHING-FLOOR
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
1Ki_6:30 (c) The floor of the tabernacle was the dirt and the soil of the desert. This reminded Israel of their pilgrim character. The floor of the temple was covered with gold to remind His people that they were pilgrims on the way home to the eternal glory of GOD.
Isa_21:10 (c) This is a heart cry concerning the loss of that which had been gathered in from the harvest, but was never enjoyed.
Jer_51:33 (a) Here is a type of the severe threshing that GOD would give Babylon when He sent the enemy to destroy it.
Dan_2:35 (a) This is typical of the day of GOD's judgment when the saved and the unsaved will be separated as the farmer separates the wheat and the chaff on the threshing floor. (See also Mat_3:12).
Hos_13:3 (a) The judgment of Israel is described by this figure. The people are the chaff to be destroyed because they are of no value to GOD, and have no interest in GOD's affairs. (See also Mic_4:12; Luk_3:17).
Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types
press 1957.
Floor
(גֹּרֶן, go'ren; ἄλων), prop. a level or open area (as the place or square around the gates of Oriental cities, 1Ki_22:10; 2Ch_18:9); hence usually the spot, well-beaten and smooth, on which grain is trodden out by cattle in the East, i.e., the barn-floor, or threshing- floor. SEE THRESHING. For the floor of rooms, SEE HOUSE; for that of court-yards, SEE PAVEMENT.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
(b) Where floor occurs in the sense of threshing-floor (see Agriculture, § 3), the latter has been substituted by RV [Note: Revised Version.] except in three passages (Gen_50:11, Isa_21:10, Joe_2:24). The same word (goren) appears as barnfloor (2Ki_6:27, RV [Note: Revised Version.] threshing-floor) and cornfloor (Hos_9:1 AV [Note: Authorized Version.] and RV [Note: Revised Version.] ).
A. R. S. Kennedy.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
Floor. See Gabbatha.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
for threshing corn, or threshing floor, is frequently mentioned in Scripture. This was a place in the open air, in which corn was threshed, by means of a cart or sledge, or some other instrument drawn by oxen. The threshing floors among the Jews were only, as they are to this day in the east, round level plats of ground in the open air, where the corn was trodden out by oxen. Thus Gideon's floor appears to have been in the open air, Jdg_6:37; and also that of Araunah the Jebusite, 2 Samuel 24, otherwise it would not have been a proper place for erecting an altar, and offering sacrifices. In Hos_13:3, we read of the chaff which is driven by the whirlwind from the floor. This circumstance of the threshing floor's being exposed to the agitation of the wind seems to be the principal reason of its Hebrew name. It appears, therefore, that a threshing floor, which is rendered in our textual translation, a void place, might well be near the entrance of the gate of Samaria, and a proper situation in which the kings of Israel and Judah might hear the prophets, 1Ki_22:10; 2Ch_18:9. An instrument sometimes used in Palestine and the east, to force the corn out of the ear, and bruise the straw, was a heavy kind of sledge made of thick boards, and furnished beneath with teeth of stone or iron, Isa_41:15. The sheaves being laid in order, the sledge was drawn over the straw by oxen, and at the same time threshed out the corn, and cut or broke the straw into a kind of chaff. An instrument in the east is still used for the same purpose. This sledge is alluded to in
2Sa_12:31; Isa_28:27; Isa_41:15; Amo_1:3. Dr. Lowth, in his notes on Isa_28:27-28, observes, that four methods of threshing are mentioned in this passage, by different instruments, the flail, the drag, the wain, and the treading of the cattle. The staff, or flail, was used for the infirmiora semina, the grain that was too tender to be treated in the other methods. The drag consisted of a sort of frame of strong planks, made rough at the bottom with hard stones or iron; it was drawn by horses or oxen over the corn sheaves on the floor, the driver sitting upon it. The wain was nearly similar to this instrument, but had wheels with iron teeth, or edges like a saw. The last method is well known from the law of Moses, which forbids the ox to be muzzled when he treadeth out the corn.
Niebuhr, in his Travels, gives the following description of a machine which the people of Egypt use at this day for threshing out their corn: This machine, says he, is called nauridsj. It has three rollers which turn on their axles; and each of them is furnished with some irons round and flat.
At the beginning of June, Mr. Forskall and I several times saw, in the environs of Dsjise, how corn was threshed in Egypt. Every peasant chose for himself, in the open field, a smooth plat of ground from eighty to a hundred paces in circumference. Hither was brought on camels or asses the corn in sheaves, of which was formed a ring of six or eight feet wide, and two high. Two oxen were made to draw over it again and again the sledge, traineau, above mentioned; and this was done with the greatest convenience to the driver; for he was seated in a chair fixed on the sledge. Two such parcels or layers of corn are threshed out in a day, and they move each of them as many as eight times, with a wooden fork of five prongs, which they call meddre. Afterward they throw the straw into the middle of the ring, where it forms a heap, which grows bigger and bigger. When the first layer is threshed they replace the straw in the ring, and thresh it as before. Thus the straw becomes every time smaller, till at last it resembles chopped straw. After this, with the fork just described, they cast the whole some yards from thence, and against the wind; which driving back the straw, the corn and the ears not threshed out fall apart from it, and make another heap. A man collects the clods of dirt, and other impurities to which any corn adheres, and throws them into a sieve. They afterward place in a ring the heaps, in which a good many entire ears are still found, and drive over them for four or five hours together ten couple of oxen joined two and two, till by absolute trampling they have separated the grains, which they throw into the air with a shovel to cleanse them.
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.
flōr. See HOUSE; THRESHING-FLOOR
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
1Ki_6:30 (c) The floor of the tabernacle was the dirt and the soil of the desert. This reminded Israel of their pilgrim character. The floor of the temple was covered with gold to remind His people that they were pilgrims on the way home to the eternal glory of GOD.
Isa_21:10 (c) This is a heart cry concerning the loss of that which had been gathered in from the harvest, but was never enjoyed.
Jer_51:33 (a) Here is a type of the severe threshing that GOD would give Babylon when He sent the enemy to destroy it.
Dan_2:35 (a) This is typical of the day of GOD's judgment when the saved and the unsaved will be separated as the farmer separates the wheat and the chaff on the threshing floor. (See also Mat_3:12).
Hos_13:3 (a) The judgment of Israel is described by this figure. The people are the chaff to be destroyed because they are of no value to GOD, and have no interest in GOD's affairs. (See also Mic_4:12; Luk_3:17).
Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types
press 1957.
Floor
(גֹּרֶן, go'ren; ἄλων), prop. a level or open area (as the place or square around the gates of Oriental cities, 1Ki_22:10; 2Ch_18:9); hence usually the spot, well-beaten and smooth, on which grain is trodden out by cattle in the East, i.e., the barn-floor, or threshing- floor. SEE THRESHING. For the floor of rooms, SEE HOUSE; for that of court-yards, SEE PAVEMENT.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
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