Flowers
VIEW:40 DATA:01-04-2020
FLOWERS.1. nizzân, only Son_2:12. 2. ziz, Isa_28:1; Isa_28:4; Isa_40:6, Job_14:2, blossoms Num_17:8. 3. nizzahused of the inconspicuous flowers of vine and olive, Isa_18:5, Job_15:33. 4. perach, Exo_25:33, Isa_18:5, AV [Note: Authorized Version.] bud, RV [Note: Revised Version.] blossom, Nah_1:4. Flowers are one of the attractive features of Palestine: they come in the early spring (Son_2:12), but fade all too soon, the brilliant display being a matter of but a few short weeks. Hence they are an appropriate symbol of the evanescence of human life (Job_14:2, Psa_103:15 etc.). The lilies of the field of Mat_6:28 may have been a comprehensive term for the brilliant and many-coloured anemones, the irises, the gladioli, etc., which lend such enchantment to the hillsides in March and April.
E. W. G. Masterman.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
Very few flowers are named in the Bible. The most commonly mentioned are those of the lily family (Song of Son_2:16; Son_6:2; Hos_14:5; Mat_6:28). A kind of wild rose is also mentioned (Song of Son_2:1; Isa_35:1). The flower of the mandrake plant had a strong smell that people believed could excite sexual passion (Gen_30:14-16; Song of Son_7:13).
People have always seen beauty in flowers, and flower patterns were prominent in the decorations of the tabernacle and the temple (Exo_25:31-34; 1Ki_6:18; 1Ki_6:29-35; 1Ki_7:26; 1Ki_7:49). Although they are beautiful, flowers do not last long. Because of this the Bible sometimes refers to them as symbols of the brevity and impermanence of life (Job_14:2; Nah_1:4; Jam_1:10-11; 1Pe_1:24).
Bridgeway Bible Dictionary by Don Fleming
PRINTER 1990.
flou?ẽ̱rz (BLOOM, BLOSSOM, etc.):
(1) גּבעל, gibh‛ōl, literally, ?a small cup,? hence, calyx or corolla of a flower (Exo_9:31, ?The flax was in bloom?).
(2) נץ, nēc (Gen_40:10, נצּה, niccāh, ?a flower? or ?blossom?; Job_15:33; Isa_18:5). These words are used of the early berries of the vine or olive.
(3) נצּן, niccān, ?a flower?; plural only, נצּנים, niccānı̄m (Son_2:12, ?The flowers appear on the earth?).
(4) פרח, peraḥ, root to ?burst forth? expresses an early stage of flowering; ?blossom? (Isa_5:24; Isa_18:5); ?flower? (Nah_1:4, ?The flower of Lebanon languisheth?). Used of artificial flowers in candlesticks (Exo_25:31).
(5) ציץ, cı̄c, ?flower? (Isa_40:6); plural צצּים, ciccı̄m, flowers as architectural ornaments (1Ki_6:18); ציצה, cı̄cāh, ?the fading flower of his glorious beauty? (Isa_28:1, Isa_28:4; also Num_17:8; Job_14:2, etc.).
(6) ἄνθος, ánthos, in Septuagint equivalent of all the Hebrew words (Jam_1:10, Jam_1:11; 1Pe_1:24).
The beauty of the profusion of flowers which cover Palestine every spring receives but scant reference in the Old Testament; Son_2:12 is perhaps the only clear reference. It is noticeable that the native of Syria thinks little of flowers unless it be for their perfume. our Lord's reference to the flowers (?lilies?) is well known (Mat_6:28; Luk_12:27). For details of the flowers of modern Palestine, see BOTANY. The aptness of the expression ?flower of the field? for a type of the evanescence of human life (Job_14:2; Psa_103:15; Isa_40:6; Jam_1:10) is the more impressive in a land like Palestine where the annual display of wild flowers, so glorious for a few short weeks, is followed by such desolation. The fresh and brilliant colors fade into masses of withered leaves (not uncommonly cleared by burning), and then even these are blown, away, so that but bare, cracked and baked earth remains for long months where once all was beauty, color and life.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Lev_15:24, Lev_15:33 (b) The term is used to describe the monthly sickness, the menstrual period to which all women are subject.
Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types
press 1957.
Flowers
(נַדָּה, niddah', uncleanness, as often elsewhere rendered) stands in Lev_15:21; Lev_15:33, for the menstrual discharge of females. Flowers. 1. It was an ancient practice to strew flowers on graves. Jerome bestows the following commendation on Pammachius: While other husbands throw thorns, lilies, violets, roses, and purple flowers upon the graves of their wives, our Pammachius waters the bones and holy ashes of his wife with the balsam of alms. With these perfumes and odors he solaces the ashes of the dead that lie at rest (Epist. 26).
2. The practice of decorating churches with flowers is very common in the Roman, and some of the Protestant churches of the Continent, and exists in various parts of England. It probably arose out of a desire to honor the first-fruits of nature's most beautiful productions, and may therefore be retained among things in themselves indifferent. The modern Ritualists, however, carry this, as other things, to excess.Bingham, Orig. Eccles. book 23, chapter 3, § 20; Walcot, Sacred Archaeology, page 280; Barrett, Flowers and Festivals, or Directions for the Floral Decoration of Churches (London, 1868).
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
E. W. G. Masterman.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
Very few flowers are named in the Bible. The most commonly mentioned are those of the lily family (Song of Son_2:16; Son_6:2; Hos_14:5; Mat_6:28). A kind of wild rose is also mentioned (Song of Son_2:1; Isa_35:1). The flower of the mandrake plant had a strong smell that people believed could excite sexual passion (Gen_30:14-16; Song of Son_7:13).
People have always seen beauty in flowers, and flower patterns were prominent in the decorations of the tabernacle and the temple (Exo_25:31-34; 1Ki_6:18; 1Ki_6:29-35; 1Ki_7:26; 1Ki_7:49). Although they are beautiful, flowers do not last long. Because of this the Bible sometimes refers to them as symbols of the brevity and impermanence of life (Job_14:2; Nah_1:4; Jam_1:10-11; 1Pe_1:24).
Bridgeway Bible Dictionary by Don Fleming
PRINTER 1990.
flou?ẽ̱rz (BLOOM, BLOSSOM, etc.):
(1) גּבעל, gibh‛ōl, literally, ?a small cup,? hence, calyx or corolla of a flower (Exo_9:31, ?The flax was in bloom?).
(2) נץ, nēc (Gen_40:10, נצּה, niccāh, ?a flower? or ?blossom?; Job_15:33; Isa_18:5). These words are used of the early berries of the vine or olive.
(3) נצּן, niccān, ?a flower?; plural only, נצּנים, niccānı̄m (Son_2:12, ?The flowers appear on the earth?).
(4) פרח, peraḥ, root to ?burst forth? expresses an early stage of flowering; ?blossom? (Isa_5:24; Isa_18:5); ?flower? (Nah_1:4, ?The flower of Lebanon languisheth?). Used of artificial flowers in candlesticks (Exo_25:31).
(5) ציץ, cı̄c, ?flower? (Isa_40:6); plural צצּים, ciccı̄m, flowers as architectural ornaments (1Ki_6:18); ציצה, cı̄cāh, ?the fading flower of his glorious beauty? (Isa_28:1, Isa_28:4; also Num_17:8; Job_14:2, etc.).
(6) ἄνθος, ánthos, in Septuagint equivalent of all the Hebrew words (Jam_1:10, Jam_1:11; 1Pe_1:24).
The beauty of the profusion of flowers which cover Palestine every spring receives but scant reference in the Old Testament; Son_2:12 is perhaps the only clear reference. It is noticeable that the native of Syria thinks little of flowers unless it be for their perfume. our Lord's reference to the flowers (?lilies?) is well known (Mat_6:28; Luk_12:27). For details of the flowers of modern Palestine, see BOTANY. The aptness of the expression ?flower of the field? for a type of the evanescence of human life (Job_14:2; Psa_103:15; Isa_40:6; Jam_1:10) is the more impressive in a land like Palestine where the annual display of wild flowers, so glorious for a few short weeks, is followed by such desolation. The fresh and brilliant colors fade into masses of withered leaves (not uncommonly cleared by burning), and then even these are blown, away, so that but bare, cracked and baked earth remains for long months where once all was beauty, color and life.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Lev_15:24, Lev_15:33 (b) The term is used to describe the monthly sickness, the menstrual period to which all women are subject.
Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types
press 1957.
Flowers
(נַדָּה, niddah', uncleanness, as often elsewhere rendered) stands in Lev_15:21; Lev_15:33, for the menstrual discharge of females. Flowers. 1. It was an ancient practice to strew flowers on graves. Jerome bestows the following commendation on Pammachius: While other husbands throw thorns, lilies, violets, roses, and purple flowers upon the graves of their wives, our Pammachius waters the bones and holy ashes of his wife with the balsam of alms. With these perfumes and odors he solaces the ashes of the dead that lie at rest (Epist. 26).
2. The practice of decorating churches with flowers is very common in the Roman, and some of the Protestant churches of the Continent, and exists in various parts of England. It probably arose out of a desire to honor the first-fruits of nature's most beautiful productions, and may therefore be retained among things in themselves indifferent. The modern Ritualists, however, carry this, as other things, to excess.Bingham, Orig. Eccles. book 23, chapter 3, § 20; Walcot, Sacred Archaeology, page 280; Barrett, Flowers and Festivals, or Directions for the Floral Decoration of Churches (London, 1868).
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
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