HEAVE-OFFERING.See Sacrifice and Offering.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
Heave-offering
(תְּרוּמָה, terumiah', from רוּם, to be high; Sept. usually ἀφαίρεμα), a term including all that the Israelites voluntarily (Exo_25:2 sq.; Exo_35:24; Exo_36:3) or according to' a precept (Exo_30:15; Lev_7:14; Num_15:19 sq.; Num_18:27 sq.; Num_21:29 sq.; comp. Eze_45:13) contributed of their own property to Jehovah (not as an offering in the usual sense, but) as a present (Isa_40:20), to be applied to the regular cultus, i.e. for the establishment and maintenance of the sanctuary and its accessories (Exo_25:2 sq.; Exo_30:13 sq.; Exo_25:5 sq., Exo_25:21; Exo_25:24; Exo_26:3; Exo_26:6; Ezr_8:25, etc.), or for the support of the priests (Exo_29:28; Num_18:8 sq. Num_18:5; Num_18:9). Prescribed contributions were, in addition to the annual temple-tax SEE TEMPLE, chiefly that share of the booty taken in war which be' longed to the priests (Num_21:29 sq.), the yearly first-fruits (Num_15:19 sq.; comp. 2Sa_1:21), and the tenths which the Levites were required to make over to the priests out of the natural tithes paid to them (Num_18:25 sq.; what the Levites retained for their own use not being thus styled). The term תְּרוּמָהseems to stand in a narrower sense in Neh_10:37; Neh_12:44; Neh_13:3, SEE FIRSTLING, and the Talmudists so call only the agricultural first-fruits appropriate to human use, together with the Levitical tenths (see the tract Terumoth in the Mishna, 1, 6). Heave-offerings are coupled with first fruits in Eze_20:40, and with tithes in Mal_3:8. In Eze_45:1; Eze_48:8; Ezekiel cf., Eze_12:20 sq., the same word is applied to that portion of the Holy Land which is represented as set apart for the maintenance of the sanctuary and the priests. For the care of all such contributions, as well as for voluntary offerings and tithes in general, a special class of officers was (from the time of king Hezekiah) detailed, of whom a higher priest had the superintendence (2Ch_21:11-12; 2Ch_21:14; Neh_12:44; Neh_13:5). Heave-offerings could be used or consumed only by the priests and their children (Num_18:19; Lev_22:10). Latei regulations are detailed in the Talmudical tract Terumolth. SEE WAVE-OFFERING.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.