Amen

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Primordial creation deity Egypt
Gods and Goddess Reference


AMEN.—A Hebrew form of affirmation usually translated in the LXX [Note: Septuagint.] by an equivalent Greek expression (Num_5:22, Deu_27:15 ‘so be it,’ Jer_28:6 (Jer_36:6) ‘truly’), but sometimes transliterated (1Ch_16:36) as in English. It is an indication of solemn assent, chiefly in prayer, to the words of another, on the part either of an individual (Num_5:22) or of an assembly (Deu_27:15); sometimes reduplicated (Psa_41:13), sometimes accompanied by a rubrical direction (Psa_106:48). From the synagogue it passed into the liturgical use of Christian congregations, and is so referred to in 1Co_14:16—‘the (customary) Amen at thy giving of thanks’ (? Eucharist). The use peculiar to the NT is that ascribed to our Lord in the Gospels, where the word—‘verily’ followed by ‘I say’—introduces statements which He desires to invest with special authority (Mat_5:18, Mar_3:28, Luk_4:24 etc.) as worthy of unquestioning trust. The Fourth Gospel reduplicates—a form which, though Christ may Himself have varied the phrase in this manner, is nevertheless stereotyped by this Evangelist (Joh_1:51; Joh_1:24 other places), and marks the peculiar solemnity of the utterances it introduces. The impression created by this idiom may have influenced the title of ‘the Amen’ given to the Lord in the Epistle to Laodicea (Rev_3:14). A strikingly similar phrase is used by St. Paul in 2Co_1:20—‘through him (i.e. Jesus Christ as preached) is the Amen’—the seal of God’s promises. Its use in doxologies is frequent.
J. G. Simpson.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909


("firm", "faithful", else "verily".) Jesus is "the Amen, the, faithful and true witness" (Rev_3:14). Compare 2Co_1:20; Joh_1:14; Joh_1:17; Joh_14:6. "The God of Amen" (Hebrew for "truth") (Isa_65:16). Jesus alone introduces His authoritative declarations with Amen in the beginning; in Matthew, Mark, and Luke, singly, in John (Joh_3:3; Joh_3:5; Joh_3:11; Joh_10:1) always doubled. It is most marked how the apostles and others avoid the use of it in the beginning, which is His divine prerogative. Jer_28:6 is not an exception; it is praying for the divine ratification of what preceded. In oaths those who pronounce the "Amen" bind themselves by the oath (Num_5:22; Deu_27:15-26).
God alone can seal all His declarations of promise or threat with the "Amen," verily, in its fullest sense; our assertions mostly need some qualification. As John records Christ's discourses on the deeper things of God, which man is slow to believe, the double Amen is appropriately found at the beginning of such discourses 25 times. Amen was the proper response to a prayer, an oath, or a solemn promise (1Ki_1:30; Neh_5:13; Neh_8:6; 1Ch_16:36; Jer_11:5); the God of Amen witnesses our covenants. Jewish tradition states that the people responded to the priest's prayer not "Amen," but, "Blessed be the name of the glory of His kingdom for ever." But in synagogues, as in the Christian assemblies, and in family and private prayers, Amen was the response (Mat_6:13; 1Co_14:16).
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.


A'men. Literally "true" and used as a substantive, "that which is true",. "truth", Isa_65:16, a word used in strong asseverations, fixing, as it were, the stamp of truth upon the assertion which it accompanied, and making it binding as an oath. Compare Num_5:22.
In the synagogues and private houses, it was customary for the people or members of the family who were present to say "Amen" to the prayers which were offered. Mat_6:13; 1Co_14:16. And not only public prayers, but those offered in private, and doxologies, were appropriately concluded with "Amen". Rom_9:5; Rom_11:36; Rom_15:33; Rom_16:27; 2Co_13:14; etc.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863


אמן , in Hebrew, signifies true, faithful, certain. It is used likewise in affirmation; and was often thus employed by our Saviour: “Amen, amen,” that is, “Verily, verily.” It is also understood as expressing a wish, “Amen! so be it!” or an affirmation, “Amen, yes, I believe it:” Num_5:22. She shall answer, “Amen! amen!” Deu_27:15-17, &c. “All the people shall answer, Amen! amen!” 1Co_14:16. “How shall he who occupieth the place of the unlearned, say, Amen! at thy giving of thanks? seeing he understandeth not what thou sayest.” “The promises of God are Amen in Christ;” that is, certain, confirmed, granted, 2Co_1:20. The Hebrews end the five books of Psalms, according to their distribution of them, with “Amen, amen;” which the Septuagint translate, Γενοιτο, γενοιτο, and the Latins, Fiat, fiat. The Gospels, &c, are ended with AMEN. The Greek, Latin, and other churches, preserve this word in their prayers, as well as alleluia and hosanna. At the conclusion of the public prayers, the people anciently answered with a loud voice, “Amen!” and Jerom says, that, at Rome, when the people answered, “Amen!” the sound was like a clap of thunder, in similitudinem caelestis tonitrui Amen reboat. [Amen rings again like a peal of thunder.] The Jews assert that the gates of heaven are opened to him who answers, “Amen!” with all his might.
The Jewish doctors give three rules for pronouncing the word:
1. That it be not pronounced too hastily and rapidly, but with a grave and distinct voice.
2. That it be not louder than the tone of him that blesses.
3. That it be expressed in faith, with a certain persuasion that God would bless them, and hear their prayers.
AMEN is a title of our Lord, “The Amen, the true and faithful witness,”
Rev_1:14.
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.


‘Amen’ is a transliteration from a Hebrew word meaning ‘surely, truly, certainly, trustworthily’. It was used as a formula expressing agreement to a variety of statements or announcements; for example, an oath (Num_5:19-22), a blessing or curse from God (Deu_27:11-26; Jer_11:5), an announcement (1Ki_1:36), a prophecy (Jer_28:6), an expression of praise (1Ch_16:36; Psa_41:13; Jud_1:24-25), a prayer (1Co_14:16), a statement (Rev_1:7) or a promise (Rev_22:20).
Since the promises of God find their true fulfilment (their ‘yes’, their ‘amen’) in Jesus Christ, he may be called ‘the Amen’. He is what the Old Testament calls ‘the God of truth’, ‘the God of the amen’ (2Co_1:20; Rev_3:14; cf. Isa_65:16). Christians acknowledge this by adding their own ‘amen’ (2Co_1:20). Jesus, by introducing many of his statements with ‘Amen’ (i.e. ‘Verily’ or ‘Truly’), guaranteed that those statements were true, certain, reliable and authoritative (Mat_8:10; Mat_10:15; Mat_10:23; Mat_10:42; Mat_11:11; Mat_13:17; etc.). (See also TRUTH.)
Bridgeway Bible Dictionary by Don Fleming
PRINTER 1990.


ā-men? (in ritual speech and in singing a-men', a'men) (אמן, 'āmēn; ἀμήν, amḗn, = ?truly,? ?verily?): Is derived from the reflexive form of a verb meaning ?to be firm,? or ?to prop.? It occurs twice as a noun in Isa_65:16, where we have (the King James Version, the Revised Version (British and American)) ?God of truth.? This rendering implies the pointing 'ōmēn or 'ēmūn i.e. ?truth,? or ?faithfulness,? a reading actually suggested by Cheyne and adopted by others. ?Amen? is generally used as an adverb of assent or confirmation - fiat, ?so let it be.? In Jer_28:6 the prophet endorses with it the words of Hananiah. Amen is employed when an individual or the whole nation confirms a covenant or oath recited in their presence (Num_5:22; Deu_27:15; Neh_5:13, etc.). It also occurs at the close of a psalm or book of psalms, or of a prayer.
That ?Amen? was appended to the doxology in the early church is evident both from Paul and Rev, and here again it took the form of a response by the hearers. The ritual of the installation of the Lamb (Rev_5:6-14) concludes with the Amen of the four beasts, and the four and twenty elders. It is also spoken after ?Yea: I come quickly? (Rev_22:20). And that Revelation reflects the practice of the church on earth, and not merely of an ideal, ascended community in heaven, may be concluded from 1Co_14:16, whence we gather that the lay brethren were expected to say ?Amen? to the address. (See Weizs?cker's The Apostolic Age of the Christian Church, English translation, II, 289.)
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.


This word is strictly an adjective, signifying 'firm,'and, metaphorically, 'faithful.' Thus in Rev_3:14, our Lord is called 'the amen, the faithful and true witness.' In Isa_65:16, the Hebrews has 'the God of amen,' which our version renders 'the God of truth,' i.e. of fidelity. In its adverbial sense Amen means certainly, truly, surely. It is used in the beginning of a sentence by way of emphasis?rarely in the Old Testament (Jer_28:6), but often by our Savior in the New, where it is commonly translated 'Verily.' In John's gospel alone it is often used by him in this way double, i.e.'verily, verily.' In the end of a sentence it often occurs singly or repeated, especially at the end of hymns or prayers, as 'amen and amen' (Psa_41:13; Psa_72:19; Psa_89:52). The proper signification of it in this position is to confirm the words which have preceded, and invoke the fulfillment of them: 'so be it.' Hence in oaths, after the priest has repeated the words of the covenant or imprecation, all those who pronounced the amen bound themselves by the oath (Num_5:22; Deu_27:15; Deu_27:26; Neh_5:13; Neh_8:6; 1Ch_16:36; comp. Psa_106:48).
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.


Rev_3:14 (a) This word is a word of finality. Its actual meaning is "so be it." CHRIST takes this name to indicate the permanence of His decisions, the certainty of His program, and the finality of His judgment. The angels sang a song which begins and ends with this word. It is found in Rev_7:12. There are seven glories in this prayer or song, and these describe the perfections of GOD. Nothing can be added to this revelation, and certainly nothing may be taken from it.
Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types
press 1957.


Amen
(Hebrew amen', אָמֵן, ἀμήν), a particle of attestation adopted into all the languages of Christendom.
I. This word is strictly an adjective, signifying "firm," and, metaphorically, "faithful." Thus, in Rev_3:14, our Lord is called "the amen, the faithful and true witness." In Isa_65:16, the Hebrew has "the God of amen," which our version renders "the God of truth," i e. of fidelity. In its adverbial sense amen means certainly, truly, surely. It is used in the beginning of a sentence- by way of emphasis — rarely in the Old Test. (Jer_28:6), but often by our Savior in the New, where it is commonly translated "verily." In John's Gospel alone it is often used by him in this way double, i.e. "verily, verily." In the end of a sentence it often occurs singly or repeated, especially at the end of hymns or prayers, as "amen and amen" (Psalm 41:14; Psa_72:19; Psa 89:53). The proper signification of it in this position is to confirm the words which have preceded, and invoke the fulfillment of them: "so be it,! fiat; Sept. γένοιτο. Hence in oaths, after the priest has repeated the words of the covenant or imprecation, all those who pronounce the amen bind themselves by the oath (Num_5:22; Deu_27:15; Deu_27:17 : Neh_5:13; Neh_8:6; 1Ch_16:36; comp. Psa_106:48). SEE OATH.
II. In the public worship of the primitive churches it was customary for the assembly at large to say Amen at the close of the prayer; a custom derived from apostolic times (1Co_14:16). Several of the fathers refer to it. Jerome says that in his time, at the conclusion of public prayer, the united voice of the people sounded like the fall of water or the noise of thunder. Great importance was attached to the use of this word at the celebration of the eucharist. At the delivery of the bread the bishop or presbyter, according to the Apostolical Constitutions, is directed to say, "The body of Christ;" at the giving of the cup the deacon is instructed to say, "The blood of Christ, the cup of life;" the communicant is directed on each occasion to say "Amen."' This answer was universally given in the early Church. SEE RESPONSE.
III. It is used as an emphatic affirmation, in the Sense "so be it," at the end of all the prayers of the Church of England. It is sometimes said in token of undoubting assent, as at the end of the creed, Amen, "So I believe." The order of the Church of England directs that the people shall, at the end of all prayers, answer Amen." — Bingham, bk. 15, ch. 3, § 25.
Special treatises on the subject are Kleinschmidt, De particula Amen (Rint. 1696); Weber, De voce Amen. (Jen. 1734); Wernsdorf, De Amen, liturgico (Viteb. 1779); Brunner, De voce Amen (Helmst. 1678); Fogelmark, Potestas verbi אָמֵן (Upsal. 1761); Meier, Horoe philol. in Amen (Viteb. 1687); Treffentlich, De אָמֵן (Lips. 1700); Vejel, De vocula Amen (Argent. 1681); Bechler, Horoe philol. in Amen (Wittemb. 1687).



CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.





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