Martyr
VIEW:43 DATA:01-04-2020
MARTYR.See Witness.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
Martyrs are those who stand firm in the midst of persecution and willingly suffers death rather than deny their faith (Act_7:54-60; Act_12:1-2; Act_22:20; Rev_2:13). The word martyr comes from the Greek word that is used in the New Testament for witness and testimony. People became known as martyrs when they died because of their witness, or testimony, to their Lord (Rev_6:9-11; Rev_12:11; Rev_17:6; Rev_20:4).
In the end the victors will be the martyrs, not their opponents. The basis of this assured victory is the death and resurrection of Christ, who is himself the faithful and true witness (2Ti_4:6-8; 2Ti_4:18; Rev_12:10-11; 20:4; cf. 1:5, 3:14). (See also PERSECUTION; WITNESS.)
Bridgeway Bible Dictionary by Don Fleming
PRINTER 1990.
mar?tẽr (μαρτύς, martús, Aeolic μαρτύρ, martúr): One who gives heed, and so, a ?witness,? so translated in numerous passages, both as of one bearing testimony, and also as of one who is a spectator of anything (see WITNESS). In the King James Version rendered ?martyr? in Act_22:20, ?thy martyr Stephen?; and Rev_2:13, ?Antipas my faithful martyr?; also Rev_17:6, ?the blood of the martyrs of Jesus,? where alone the American Standard Revised Version retains ?martyrs.? These 3 passages are the beginning of the use of the word ?martyr? for such witnesses as were faithful even unto death, its uniform modern use.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
This word means properly a witness, and is applied in the New Testament? 1. To judicial witnesses (Mat_18:16; Mat_26:65; Mar_14:63; Act_6:13; Act_7:58; 2Co_13:1; 1Ti_5:19; Heb_10:28). 2. To one who has testified, or can testify to the truth of what he has seen, heard, or known. This is a frequent sense in the New Testament: as in Luk_24:48; Act_1:8; Act_1:22; Rom_1:9; 2Co_1:23; 1Th_2:5; 1Th_2:10; 1Ti_6:12; 2Ti_2:2; 1Pe_5:1; Rev_1:5; Rev_3:14; Rev_11:3, and elsewhere. 3. The meaning of the word which has now become the most usual, is that in which it occurs most rarely in the Scripture, i.e., one who by his death bears witness to the truth. In this sense we only find it in Act_22:20; Rev_2:13; Rev_17:6. This now exclusive sense of the word was brought into general use by the early ecclesiastical writers, who applied it to everyone who suffered death in the Christian cause. Stephen was in this sense the first martyr [STEPHEN]; and the spiritual honors of his death tended in no small degree to raise to the most extravagant estimation, in the early church, the value of the testimony of blood. Eventually a martyr's death was supposed, on the alleged authority of the under-named texts, to cancel all the sins of the past life (Luk_12:50; Mar_10:39); to supply the place of baptism (Mat_10:39); and at once to secure admittance to the presence of the Lord in Paradise (Mat_5:10-12). In imitation of the family custom of annually commemorating at the grave the death of deceased members, the churches celebrated the deaths of their martyrs by prayer at their graves, and by love-feasts. From this high estimation of the martyrs, Christians were sometimes led to deliver themselves up voluntarily to the public authorities?thus justifying the charge of fanaticism brought against them by the heathen. For the most part, however, this practice was discountenanced, the words of Christ himself being brought against it (Mat_10:23; see Gieseler, Ecclesiastes Hist. i. 109, 110).
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
Martyr
(μάρτυς and μάρτυρ, so rendered only in Act_22:20; Rev_2:13; Rev_18:6) is properly a witness, and is applied in the New Testament
(a) to judicial witnesses (Mat_18:16; Mat_26:65; Mar_14:63; Act_6:13; Act_7:58; 2Co_13:1; 1Ti_5:19; Heb_10:28. The Septuagint also uses it for the Hebrew עֵד, ed, in Deu_17:16; Pro_24:28);
(b) To one who has testified, or can testify to the truth of what he has seen, heard, or known. This is a frequent sense in the New Testament, as in Luk_24:48; Act_1:8; Act_1:22; Rom_1:9; 2Co_1:23; 1Th_2:5; 1Th_2:10; 1Ti_6:12; 2Ti_2:2; 1Pe_5:1; Rev_1:5; Rev_3:14; Rev_11:3, and elsewhere.
(c) The meaning of the word which has now become the most usual. is that in which it occurs most rarely in the Scriptures, i.e. one who by his death bears witness to the truth. In this sense we only find it in Act_22:20; Rev_2:13; Rev_17:6. This now exclusive sense of the word was brought into general use by the early ecclesiastical writers, who applied it to every one who suffered death in the Christian cause (see Suicer, Thesaurus Eccles. sub. roc.). SEE MARTYRS.
Stephen was in this sense the first martyr, SEE STEPHEN, and the spiritual honors of his death tended in no small degree to raise to the most extravagant estimation, in the early Church, the value of the testimony of blood. Eventually a martyr's death was supposed, on the alleged authority of the under-named texts, to cancel all the sins of the past life (Luk_12:50; Mar_10:39); to supply the place of baptism (Mat_10:39), and at once to secure admittance to the presence of the Lord in Paradise (Mat_5:10-12). In imitation of the family custom of annually commemorating at the grave the death of deceased members, the churches celebrated the deaths of their martyrs by prayers at their graves, and by love-feasts. From this high estimation of the martyrs, Christians were sometimes led to deliver themselves up voluntarily to the public authorities thus justifying the charge of fanaticism brought against them by the heahen. the. For the most part, however, this practice was discountenanced, the words of Christ himself being brought against it (Mat_10:23; see Gieseler, Eccles. Hist. 1:109, 110). For monographs, see Volbeding, Index Programmatum, p. 75, 116. SEE CONFESSOR.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
Martyrs are those who stand firm in the midst of persecution and willingly suffers death rather than deny their faith (Act_7:54-60; Act_12:1-2; Act_22:20; Rev_2:13). The word martyr comes from the Greek word that is used in the New Testament for witness and testimony. People became known as martyrs when they died because of their witness, or testimony, to their Lord (Rev_6:9-11; Rev_12:11; Rev_17:6; Rev_20:4).
In the end the victors will be the martyrs, not their opponents. The basis of this assured victory is the death and resurrection of Christ, who is himself the faithful and true witness (2Ti_4:6-8; 2Ti_4:18; Rev_12:10-11; 20:4; cf. 1:5, 3:14). (See also PERSECUTION; WITNESS.)
Bridgeway Bible Dictionary by Don Fleming
PRINTER 1990.
mar?tẽr (μαρτύς, martús, Aeolic μαρτύρ, martúr): One who gives heed, and so, a ?witness,? so translated in numerous passages, both as of one bearing testimony, and also as of one who is a spectator of anything (see WITNESS). In the King James Version rendered ?martyr? in Act_22:20, ?thy martyr Stephen?; and Rev_2:13, ?Antipas my faithful martyr?; also Rev_17:6, ?the blood of the martyrs of Jesus,? where alone the American Standard Revised Version retains ?martyrs.? These 3 passages are the beginning of the use of the word ?martyr? for such witnesses as were faithful even unto death, its uniform modern use.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
This word means properly a witness, and is applied in the New Testament? 1. To judicial witnesses (Mat_18:16; Mat_26:65; Mar_14:63; Act_6:13; Act_7:58; 2Co_13:1; 1Ti_5:19; Heb_10:28). 2. To one who has testified, or can testify to the truth of what he has seen, heard, or known. This is a frequent sense in the New Testament: as in Luk_24:48; Act_1:8; Act_1:22; Rom_1:9; 2Co_1:23; 1Th_2:5; 1Th_2:10; 1Ti_6:12; 2Ti_2:2; 1Pe_5:1; Rev_1:5; Rev_3:14; Rev_11:3, and elsewhere. 3. The meaning of the word which has now become the most usual, is that in which it occurs most rarely in the Scripture, i.e., one who by his death bears witness to the truth. In this sense we only find it in Act_22:20; Rev_2:13; Rev_17:6. This now exclusive sense of the word was brought into general use by the early ecclesiastical writers, who applied it to everyone who suffered death in the Christian cause. Stephen was in this sense the first martyr [STEPHEN]; and the spiritual honors of his death tended in no small degree to raise to the most extravagant estimation, in the early church, the value of the testimony of blood. Eventually a martyr's death was supposed, on the alleged authority of the under-named texts, to cancel all the sins of the past life (Luk_12:50; Mar_10:39); to supply the place of baptism (Mat_10:39); and at once to secure admittance to the presence of the Lord in Paradise (Mat_5:10-12). In imitation of the family custom of annually commemorating at the grave the death of deceased members, the churches celebrated the deaths of their martyrs by prayer at their graves, and by love-feasts. From this high estimation of the martyrs, Christians were sometimes led to deliver themselves up voluntarily to the public authorities?thus justifying the charge of fanaticism brought against them by the heathen. For the most part, however, this practice was discountenanced, the words of Christ himself being brought against it (Mat_10:23; see Gieseler, Ecclesiastes Hist. i. 109, 110).
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
Martyr
(μάρτυς and μάρτυρ, so rendered only in Act_22:20; Rev_2:13; Rev_18:6) is properly a witness, and is applied in the New Testament
(a) to judicial witnesses (Mat_18:16; Mat_26:65; Mar_14:63; Act_6:13; Act_7:58; 2Co_13:1; 1Ti_5:19; Heb_10:28. The Septuagint also uses it for the Hebrew עֵד, ed, in Deu_17:16; Pro_24:28);
(b) To one who has testified, or can testify to the truth of what he has seen, heard, or known. This is a frequent sense in the New Testament, as in Luk_24:48; Act_1:8; Act_1:22; Rom_1:9; 2Co_1:23; 1Th_2:5; 1Th_2:10; 1Ti_6:12; 2Ti_2:2; 1Pe_5:1; Rev_1:5; Rev_3:14; Rev_11:3, and elsewhere.
(c) The meaning of the word which has now become the most usual. is that in which it occurs most rarely in the Scriptures, i.e. one who by his death bears witness to the truth. In this sense we only find it in Act_22:20; Rev_2:13; Rev_17:6. This now exclusive sense of the word was brought into general use by the early ecclesiastical writers, who applied it to every one who suffered death in the Christian cause (see Suicer, Thesaurus Eccles. sub. roc.). SEE MARTYRS.
Stephen was in this sense the first martyr, SEE STEPHEN, and the spiritual honors of his death tended in no small degree to raise to the most extravagant estimation, in the early Church, the value of the testimony of blood. Eventually a martyr's death was supposed, on the alleged authority of the under-named texts, to cancel all the sins of the past life (Luk_12:50; Mar_10:39); to supply the place of baptism (Mat_10:39), and at once to secure admittance to the presence of the Lord in Paradise (Mat_5:10-12). In imitation of the family custom of annually commemorating at the grave the death of deceased members, the churches celebrated the deaths of their martyrs by prayers at their graves, and by love-feasts. From this high estimation of the martyrs, Christians were sometimes led to deliver themselves up voluntarily to the public authorities thus justifying the charge of fanaticism brought against them by the heahen. the. For the most part, however, this practice was discountenanced, the words of Christ himself being brought against it (Mat_10:23; see Gieseler, Eccles. Hist. 1:109, 110). For monographs, see Volbeding, Index Programmatum, p. 75, 116. SEE CONFESSOR.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
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