Mint

VIEW:26 DATA:01-04-2020
MINT (Gr. hçdyosmon, Mat_23:23, Luk_11:42).—One of the trifles which were tithed; primarily, perhaps, peppermint (Mentha piperita), but including also allied plants, such as the horse mint, (M. sylvestris), which grows wild all over Palestine.
E. W. G. Masterman.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909


Greek mintha hedu osmon ("sweet-smelling herb"), of the order Labiatae. A carminative in medicine and a condiment in cookery. Tithed scrupulously by the Pharisees (Mat_23:23; Luk_11:42). Our use of mint with roast; lamb may be a relic of Israel's eating the Passover with bitter herbs.
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.


Mint. This name occurs only in Mat_23:23 and Luk_11:42, as one of those herbs, the tithe of which the Jews were most scrupulously exact in paying. The horse mint, Mentha sylvestris, and several other species of mint are common in Syria.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863


Mat_23:23; Luk_11:42; a garden herb well known. The law did not oblige the Jews to give the tithe of this sort of herbs; it only required it of those things which could be comprehended under the name of income or revenue. But the Pharisees, desirous of distinguishing themselves by a more scrupulous and literal observance of the law than others, gave the tithes “of mint, anise, and cummin,” Mat_23:23. Christ reproved them because that, while they were so precise in these lesser matters, they neglected the more essential commandments of the law, and substituted observances, frivolous and insignificant, in the place of justice, mercy, and truth.
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.


mint (ἡδύοσμον, hēdúosmon): Mentioned (Mat_23:23; Luk_11:42) as one of the small things which were tithed. The cultivated variety (Mentha piperita), ?peppermint,? was doubtless primarily intended, but the wild Mentha silvestris or horsemint, which flourishes all over the mountains of Palestine, is probably included.

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.


Mint is mentioned in Mat_23:23 : 'Woe unto you, Scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye pay tithe of mint and anise (properly dill) and cummin, and have omitted the weightier matters of the law;' and, again, in Luk_11:42; 'But woe unto you, Pharisees! for ye tithe mint and rue, and all manner of herbs, and pass over judgment and the love of God: these ought ye to have done, and not to leave the other undone.' All the plants mentioned in the above passages belong to the smaller ones cultivated in gardens in Europe, and which usually come under the denomination of sweet herbs. Lady Calcott inquires whether mint was one of the bitter herbs which the Israelites ate with the Paschal Lamb; and infers the probability of its being so from our own practice of eating lamb with mint sauce. Dr. Harris argues that mint, anise, and cummin were not tithed, and that the Pharisees only paid tithes of these plants from an overstrained interpretation of the law. But, in the article 'Dill,' it 'may be seen that dill was tithed, and it is one of the herbs mentioned along with mint. The meaning, therefore, seems to be, that the Pharisees, while, in conformity with the law, they paid these minute tithes, neglected the most important moral duties?truth, justice, and mercy; for it is added, 'these ought ye to have done, and not to leave the other undone.'
The species of mint most common in Syria is Mentha sylvestris, found by Russell at Aleppo, and mentioned by him as one of the herbs cultivated in the gardens there. It also occurs in Greece, Taurus, Caucasus, the Altai Range, and as far as Cashmere, whence we have obtained specimens. Mint is highly esteemed in Eastern countries, and apparently was so also by the Jews. It was much esteemed by the ancients, as Pliny testifies. Dioscorides also mentions it as useful to the stomach, and peculiarly grateful as a condiment. Mint was employed by the ancients in the preparation of many dishes.
It is difficult to determine the exact species or variety of mint employed by the ancients. There are numerous species very nearly allied to one another. They usually grow in moist situations, and are herbaceous, perennial, of powerful odor, especially when bruised, and have small reddish-colored flowers, arranged in spikes or whorls. The taste of these plants is bitter, warm, and pungent, but leaving a sensation of coolness on the tongue: in their properties they are so similar to each other, that either in medicine, or as a condiment, one species may safely be substituted for another.




The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.


Mint
(ἡδύοσμον, sweet-scented) occurs (Mat_23:23; Luk_11:42) among the smaller garden herbs which the Pharisees punctiliously tithed. SEE ANISE; SEE DILL. It was much esteemed as a warming condiment by the ancients (Pliny, 19:47; 20:53; 21:18; Dioscor. 3:41; Martial, 10:48,8 sq.; the Romans calling it mentha, and the Greeks μίνθη) as well as the Jews (Mishna, Okzim. 1:2; Ohol. 8:1; also the Talmudical tracts. Shem ve- Jobel, 7:2; Sheb. 7:1; the rabbins call it מַינְתָא; it was even strewed, for the sake of its odor, upon the floors of houses and synagogues, Buxtorf, Lex. Rab. page 1228), and as it still is in Eastern countries (Raffenau Delile, Flora Aegypt. in the Descr. de l'Egypte, 19). “Some commentators have supposed that such herbs as mint, anise (dill), and cumin, were not tithable by law, and that the Pharisees solely from an overstrained zeal paid tithes for them; but as dill was subject to tithe (Masseroth, 4:5), it is most probable that the other herbs mentioned with it were also tithed, and this is fully corroborated by our Lord's own words: ‘These ought ye to have done.' The Pharisees, therefore, are not censured for paying tithes of things untithable by law, but for paying more regard to a scrupulous exactness in these minor duties than to important moral obligations.”
“It is difficult to determine the exact species or variety of mint employed by the ancients. There are numerous species very nearly allied to one another. They usually grow in moist situations, and are herbaceous, perennial, of powerful odor, especially when bruised, and have small reddish-colored flowers, arranged in spikes or whorls. The taste of these plants is bitter, warm, and pungent, but leaving a sensation of coolness on the tongue; in their properties they are so similar to each other, that, either in medicine or as a condiment, one species may safely be substituted for another. The species most common in Syria is Mentha sylvestris, found by Russell at Aleppo, and mentioned by him as one of the herbs cultivated in the gardens there. It also occurs in Greece, Taurus, Caucasus, the Altai Range, and as far as Cashmere. Marvensis is also a widely-diffused species, being found in Greece, in parts of Caucasus, in the Altai Range, and in Cashmere.” (See Celsii Hierob. 1:543 sq.) Lady Calcott (Script. Herb. page 280) makes the following ingenious remark: “I know not whether mint were originally one of the bitter herbs with which the Israelites eat the Paschal lamb, but our use of it with roast lamb, particularly about Easter time, inclines me to suppose it was.” The same writer also observes that the modern Jews eat horseradish and chervil with lamb. The wood-cut represents the horse mint (M. sylvestris), which is common in Syria, and, according to Russell (Nat. Hist. of Aleppo, page 39), found in the gardens at Aleppo: M. sativa is generally supposed to be only a variety of M. arvensis, another species of mint; perhaps all these were known to the ancients. The mints belong to the large natural order Labiatae.

CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.





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