Philip

VIEW:31 DATA:01-04-2020

warlike; a lover of horses
(same as Philippi, in the singular)
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary


PHILIP (Apocr. [Note: Apocrypha, Apocryphal.] ).—1. Father of Alexander the Great (1Ma_1:1; 1Ma_6:2). 2. A friend or foster-brother (2Ma_9:29) of Antiochus Epiphanes, who received the charge (previously given to Lysias) of bringing up the young Antiochus Eupator (1Ma_6:14). On the death of Antiochus Epiphanes, Lysias took upon himself to proclaim young Eupator king (b.c. 164). The jealousy over this matter led to open hostilitles between Lysias and Philip. Philip was overcome by Lysias at Antioch and put to death. He is by many regarded as identical with—3. A Phrygian who (in b.c. 168). when left in charge of Jerusalem by Antiochus Epiphanes, was remarkable for the cruelty of his government (2Ma_5:22; 2Ma_6:11). Little more is known of him unless the details of his life he filled up by assuming his identity with the former Philip. 4. A king of Macedonia (b.c. 220–179) overthrown by the Romans (1Ma_8:5).
T. A. Moxon.
PHILIP (NT)
1. The Apostle (Mat_10:3 = Mar_3:18 = Luk_6:14); one of the disciples whom Jesus won at Bethany beyond Jordan in the morning of His ministry (Joh_1:28-51). He was a fellow-townsman of Andrew and Peter (Joh_1:44), and seems to have had a special friendship with the former (Joh_6:8; Joh_12:21-22). He was of a timid and retiring disposition. He did not, like Andrew and John, approach Jesus, but waited till Jesus accosted him and invited him to join His company. Andrew and John found Jesus (Joh_12:41); Jesus found Philip (Joh_12:43). This characteristic gives some countenance to the tradition that the disciple who would fain have declined the Lord’s call that he might ‘go and bury his father’ (Luk_9:59-60 = Mat_8:21-22), was none other than Philip. Though somewhat slow of heart and dull in spiritual understanding (cf. Joh_14:8-9), he had his aptitudes. He had a turn for practical affairs, and, just as Judas was treasurer to the Apostolic company, so Philip was purveyor, attending to the commissariat (Bengel on Joh_6:5). If Andrew was the first missionary of the Kingdom of heaven, bringing his brother Simon to Jesus (Joh_1:40-42). Philip was the second, bringing his friend Nathanael (Joh_1:45-46). It is said that after the departure of Jesus he laboured in Asia Minor and was buried at Hierapolis.
2. The Evangelist.—It was soon found necessary in the Apostolic Church that there should be a division of labour; and that the Twelve might give themselves without distraction to prayer and the ministry of the word, seven of the brethren were set apart for the management of the business matters of the Church (Act_6:1-6). Philip was one of these. He seems to have been a Hellenist, i.e. a Greek-speaking Jew; at all events he was a man of liberal sympathies, and he greatly helped in the extension of the gospel to the Gentiles. He was in fact the forerunner of St. Paul. During the persecution which followed the martyrdom of Stephen, he preached in Samaria (Act_8:4-8). He was instrumental in the conversion of the chamberlain of Candace, queen of Ethiopia, thus introducing Christianity into that historic heathen country (Act_8:26-39). On parting from the chamberlain he went to Azotus (Ashdod), and travelled along the sea-board, preaching from city to city, till he reached Cæsarea (Act_8:40). There he settled, and there he was still residing with his four unmarried daughters, who were prophetesses, when Paul visited Cæsarea on his last journey to Jerusalem. The two men were like-minded, and it is no wonder that Paul abode with him during his stay at Cæsarea (Act_21:8-9).
3. Herod Philip.—See Herod.
David Smith.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909

Phil'ip. (lover of horses). Philip, the apostle, was of Bethsaida, the city of Andrew and Peter, Joh_1:44, and, apparently, was among the Galilean peasants of that district, who flocked to hear the preaching of John the Baptist. The manner in which St. John speaks of him indicates a previous friendship, with the sons of Jona and Zebedee, and a consequent participation in their messianic hopes.
The close union of the two in John 6 and John 12 suggests that he may have owed to Andrew, the first tidings that the hope had been fulfilled. The statement that Jesus found him, Joh_1:43, implies a previous seeking. In the lists of the twelve apostles, in the Synoptic Gospel, his name is as uniformly at the head of the second group of four , as the name of Peter is at that of the first, Mat_10:3; Mar_5:18; Luk_6:14, and the facts recorded by St. John, give the reason of this priority. Philip apparently was among the first company of disciples who were with the Lord, at the commencement of his ministry, at the marriage at Cana, on his first appearance as a prophet in Jerusalem, John 2.
The first three Gospels tell us nothing more of him individually. St.John, with his characteristic fullness of personal reminiscences, records a few significant utterances. Joh_6:5-9; Joh_12:20-22; Joh_14:8. No other fact connected with the name of Philip is recorded in the Gospels. He is among the company of disciples at Jerusalem, after the ascension, Act_1:13, and on the Day of Pentecost. After this, all is uncertain and apocryphal. According to tradition, he preached in Phrygia, and died at Hierapolis.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863

the Apostle, was a native of Bethsaida in Galilee. Jesus Christ having seen him, said to him, “Follow me,” Joh_1:43-44. Philip followed him; he was present at the marriage of Cana in Galilee. Philip was called at the beginning of our Saviour's mission. He is mentioned, Luk_6:13; Mat_10:3; Joh_6:5-7. Some Gentiles having a curiosity to see Jesus, a little before his passion, addressed themselves to Philip, Joh_12:21-22, who mentioned it to Andrew, and these two to Christ. At the last supper Philip desired the Saviour to show them the Father, Joh_14:8-10. This is all that we find concerning Philip in the Gospel.
2. PHILIP, the second of the seven deacons, Act_6:5, was, some say, of Caesarea in Palestine. It is certain his daughters lived in that city, Act_21:8-9. After the death of Stephen all the Christians, except the Apostles, having left Jerusalem, and being dispersed in several places, Philip went to preach at Sebaste or Samaria, where he performed several miracles, and converted many persons, Act_8:1-3, &c. He baptized them; but informed the Apostles at Jerusalem that Samaria had received the word of God, that they might come and communicate the Holy Ghost to them. Peter and John came thither for that purpose. Philip was, probably, at Samaria, when an angel commanded him to go on the road that leads from Jerusalem to old Gaza. Philip obeyed, and there met with an Ethiopian eunuch, belonging to Candace, queen of Ethiopia, whom he converted and baptized, Act_8:26. Being come out of the water, the Spirit of the Lord took away Philip, and the eunuch saw him no more.
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.

There were two men named Philip among the early disciples of Jesus. These are commonly referred to as Philip the apostle and Philip the evangelist. (Concerning two other men named Philip, who were members of Herod’s family, see HEROD.)
Philip the apostle came from the fishing town of Bethsaida on the shore of Lake Galilee. When Jesus first went to Galilee at the beginning of his ministry, Philip was among the first to respond to his call. Immediately, he brought Nathanael to Jesus (Joh_1:43-46). Later, Jesus appointed Philip one of his twelve apostles (Mat_10:3). Philip features in the story of Jesus’ feeding of the five thousand (Joh_6:5-7), but he was slow to understand how Jesus’ miraculous works demonstrated the unique relationship between Jesus and his Father (Joh_14:8-11). Just before the last Passover, Philip helped a group of visiting Greek worshippers to meet Jesus (Joh_12:20-22). A few weeks later he witnessed Jesus’ return to his Father (Act_1:9-13).
Philip the evangelist was one of the seven men whom the Jerusalem church chose to administer its welfare program (Act_6:1-6). After the killing of Stephen and the expulsion of Christians from Jerusalem, Philip went to Samaria, where many responded to his preaching (Act_8:4-13). He then travelled south towards Gaza and led a God-fearing Ethiopian official to faith in Jesus Christ (Act_8:26-39). From there he moved north along the Mediterranean coast, preaching in all the towns as far as Caesarea (Act_8:40). The next mention of Philip is about twenty-five years later, when Paul’s party stayed with him in Caesarea for a few days. He had four daughters who had the gift of prophecy (Act_21:8-9).
Bridgeway Bible Dictionary by Don Fleming
PRINTER 1990.

Philip, 1
Phil?ip, one of the twelve apostles. He was of Bethsaida, 'the city of Andrew and Peter' (Joh_1:44). He became one of the disciples of John the Baptist, and was in the neighborhood where John was baptizing, at the time of our Lord's baptism. Andrew and John, who were also disciples of the Baptist, heard the testimony concerning Jesus which the latter gave, and thenceforth attached themselves to him as the promised Messiah. Through Andrew his brother, Simon (Peter) was brought to Christ; and as on the next day Philip unhesitatingly accompanied Jesus when called to follow him, it is probable that his townsmen had previously spoken to him of Jesus as the long-expected Savior (Joh_1:35-44). Philip was thus the fourth of the apostles who attached themselves to the person of Jesus?of those 'who left all and followed him.' The first act of Philip was to bring to the Lord Nathaniel, who is supposed to have also become an apostle under the name of Bartholomew (Joh_1:45-51). Little more is recorded of Philip in the Scriptures; but it is remarkable that when Christ beheld the five thousand people whom he afterwards fed with five loaves and two fishes, he singled out Philip for the question, 'Whence shall we buy bread that these may eat?' It is added, 'This he said to prove him, for he himself knew what he would do.' Bengel and others suppose that this was because the charge of providing food had been committed to Philip, while Chrysostom and Theodore of Mopsuestia rather suppose it was because this apostle was weak in faith. The answer of Philip agrees well enough with either supposition, 'Two hundred pennyworth of bread is not sufficient for them, that every one of them may take a little' (Joh_6:1-7). But it is well to compare this with Joh_14:8, where the inappropriate remark of Philip, 'Lord, show us the Father, and it sufficeth us,' evinces that he experienced in a degree beyond his brother apostles the difficulty which they generally felt in raising themselves above the things of sense.
Intermediately, we find recorded the application to Philip of certain 'Greeks' (proselytes of the gate) at Jerusalem, who wished to be introduced to Jesus, of whom they had heard so much. Knowing that his Master was not forward to gratify mere curiosity, Philip was uncertain whether to comply with their wish or not, but first consulted Andrew, who went with him to mention the circumstance to Jesus (Joh_12:21-22). This incident, although slight, is indicative of character, as we feel sure that some of the other apostles, Peter for instance, would at once have complied with or declined this application on their own responsibility. The sacred history only adds to these facts, that Philip was present with the other apostles at the religious assembly following the Lord's resurrection (Act_1:13).
The later traditions concerning this apostle are vague and uncertain; but there is nothing improbable in the statement that he preached the Gospel in Phrygia, and that he met his death at Hierapolis in Syria.
Philip, 2
Philip, one of the seven first deacons (Act_6:5); also called an 'Evangelist' (Act_21:8), which denotes one of those ministers of the primitive church, who, without being attached to any particular congregation, preached the Gospel from place to place (Eph_4:11; 2Ti_4:5). Being compelled to leave Jerusalem by the persecution which ensued on Stephen's death, Philip was induced to take refuge in Samaria. He there came to a city where Simon Magus was held in high reverence through the wonders which he wrought. But the substantial and beneficent miracles which were performed by Philip in the name of Jesus, drew away their attention from the impostor, and prepared their minds for the reception of the Gospel. Simon himself seems to have regarded him as in league with some superhuman being, and looking upon baptism as the initiatory rite of a compact through which he might obtain the same powers, he solicited and obtained baptism from the Evangelist [SIMON MAGUS]. After Peter and John had come to Samaria to complete and carry on the work which Philip had been the means of commencing, the Evangelist himself was directed by a divine impulse to proceed towards Gaza, where he met the treasurer of Candace, queen of Ethiopia [CANDACE; ETHIOPIA], by whose conversion and baptism he became the instrument of planting the first seeds of the Gospel in Ethiopia (Act_8:1-39). Philip then retraced his steps, and after pausing at Azotus, preached the Gospel from town to town till he came to C?sarea (Act_8:40). At this place he seems to have settled; for when Paul was on his last journey to Jerusalem, he and his party were entertained in the house of Philip on which occasion it is mentioned that he had 'four daughters, virgins, who did prophesy' (Act_21:9), or who were endued with the faculty of speaking under divine inspiration and of predicting future events, together with other supernatural gifts vouchsafed to the primitive Christians in accordance with the prophecy in Act_2:18. With this fact the Scriptural history of Philip closes, and the traditions which refer to his subsequent proceedings are uncertain and conflicting.
Philip, 3
Philip, son of Herod the Great, and tetrarch of Batan?a, Trachonitis, and Auranitis (Luk_3:1) [HERODIAN FAMILY].
Philip, 4
Philip, called by Josephus, Herod, son of Herod the Great, and first husband of Herodias [HERODIAN FAMILY].




The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.

Philip
(Φίλιππος, lover of horses), the name of several men mentioned in the Apocrvpha and Josephus. Those named in the N.T. will be noticed separately below.
1. The father of Alexander the Great (1Ma_1:1; 1Ma_6:2), king of Macedonia, B.C. 359-336. SEE ALEXANDEIT (the Great).
2. A Phrygian, left by Antiochus Epiphanes as governor at Jerusalem (B.C. cir. 170), where he behaved with great cruelty (2Ma_5:22), burning the fugitive Jews in caves (6:11), and taking the earliest measures to check the growing power of Judas Maccabaeus (8:8). He is commonly (but it would seem incorrectly) identified with,
3. The foster-brother (σύντροφος, 9:29) of Antiochus Epiphanes, whom the king upon his death-bed appointed regent of Syria and guardian of his son Antidchus V, to the exclusion of Lysias (B.C. 164; 1Ma_6:14-15; 1Ma_6:55). He returned with the royal forces from Persia (vi, 56) to assume the government, and occupied Antioch. But Lysias, who was at the time besieging "the Sanctuary" at Jerusalem, hastily made terms with Judas, and marched against him. Lysias stormed Antioch, and, according to Josephus (Ant. 12:9, 7), put Philip to death. In 2 Macc. Philip is said to have fled to Ptol. Philometor on the death of Antiochus (2Ma_9:29), though the book contains traces of the other account (13:23). SEE ANTRIOCHUS (Epiphanes).
4. Philip V, king of Macedonia, B.C. 220-179. His wide and successful endeavors to strengthen and enlarge the Macedonian dominion brought him into conflict with the Romans when they were engaged in the critical war with Carthage. Desultory warfare followed by hollow peace lasted till the victory of Zama left the Romans free for more vigorous measures. Meanwhile Philip had consolidated his power, though he had degenerated into an unscrupulous tyrant. The first campaigns of the Romans on the declaration of war (B.C. 200) were not attended by any decisive result, but the arrival of Flamininus (B.C. 198) changed the aspect of affairs. Philip was driven from his commanding position, and made unsuccessful overtures for peace. In the next year he lost the fatal battle of Cynoscephalae, and was obliged to accede to the terms dictated by his conquerors. The remainder of his life was spent in vain endeavors to regain something of his former power, and was imbittered by cruelty and remorse. In 1Ma_8:5 the defeat of Philip is coupled with that of Perseius as one of the noblest triumphs of the Romans.

CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.

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