Rezon
VIEW:32 DATA:01-04-2020
lean; small; secret; prince
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
REZON.According to the Heb. text of 1Ki_11:23-25, Rezon, son of Eliada, was one of the military officers of that Hadadezer, king of the little realm of Zobah (cuneiform, Subiti), S. of Damascus and not far from the Sea of Tiberias, whom David overthrew (2Sa_8:3 ff.). For some unknown reason he deserted Hadadezer, gathered a band of freebooters, seized Damascus, and founded there the dynasty which created the most powerful of the Syrian kingdoms. He was a thorn in Solomons side, and his successors were bitter adversaries of Israel. Unfortunately, the text presents a suspicious appearance. 1Ki_11:23-25 a have evidently been interpolated between 1Ki_11:22 and 1Ki_11:25 b, and in the best MSS of the LXX [Note: Septuagint.] the story, with some variations, follows 1Ki_11:14. In either position it interrupts the course of the narrative, and the best solution of the difficulty is to regard it as a gloss, embodying a historical reminiscence. There is not sufficient evidence for the view maintained by Thenius and Klostermann, that the name should be spelled Hezron and identified with Hezion (1Ki_15:18).
J. Taylor.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
(See HADAREZER.) 1Ki_11:23-24. Gathered the Syrian remnant, after David's slaughter of his master Hadadezer (2Sa_8:3-8), and set up a petty kingdom at Damascus, and thence harassed Solomon's kingdom. See also Josephus, Ant. 8:7, section 6.
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
Re'zon. (prince). Son of Eliadah, a Syrian, who when David defeated Hadadezer, king of Zobah, put himself at the head of a band of freebooters, and set up a petty kingdom at Damascus. 1Ki_11:23. He harassed the kingdom of Solomon, during his whole reign. (B.C. 1043-975).
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
rē?zon (רזון, rezōn; Ῥάζων, Rházōn): Son of Eliadah, and a subject of Hadadezer, king of Zobah (1Ki_11:23). The name appears to be given as חזיון, ḥezyōn; Ἁζείν, Hazeı́n (1Ki_15:18; see HEZION), where he is the father of Tabrimmon, whose son Ben-hadad I is known through his leaaue with Asa, king of Judah. When David conquered Zobah, Rezon renounced his allegiance to Hadadezer and became powerful as an independent chief, capturing Damascus and setting up as king. Along with Hadad, the noted Edomite patriot, he became a thorn in the side of Solomon, the one making himself obnoxious in the South, the other in the North, of the kingdom of Israel, both being animated with a bitter hatred of the common foe. It is said of Rezon that he ?reigned over Syria? (1Ki_11:25), and if the surmise adopted by many scholars is correct that he is the same as Hezion (1Ki_15:18), then he was really the founder of the dynasty of Syrian kings so well known in the history of this period of Israel; and the line would run: Rezon, Tabrimmon, Ben-hadad I, and Ben-hadad II.
Literature.
Burney on 1Ki_11:23 and 1Ki_15:18 in Notes on Hebrew Text of Books of Kings; Winckler, Alttest. Untersuchunaen, 60 ff.
.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Re?zon (prince); an officer of Hadadezer, king of Zobah, who established the independence of Damascus, and made it the seat of the kingdom of Damascene-Syria, so often mentioned in the history of the Hebrew kingdoms (1Ki_11:23-24) [DAMASCUS].
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
Rezon
(Heb. Rezon', רְזוֹן, prince; Sept. ῾Ραζών v. r. Ε᾿σρώμ), the son of Eliadah, a Syrian, who, when David defeated Hadadezer, king of Zobah, put himself at the head of a band of freebooters and set up a petty kingdom at Damascus (1Ki_11:23). B.C. post 1043. Whether he was an officer of Hadadezer, who, foreseeing the destruction which David would inflict, prudently escaped with some followers, or whether he gathered his band of the remnant of those who survived the slaughter, does not appear. The latter is more probable. The settlement of Rezon at Damascus could not have been till some time after the disastrous battle in which the power of Hadadezer was broken, for we are told that David at the same time defeated the army of Damascene Syrians who came to the relief of Hadadezer, and put garrisons in Damascus. From his position at Damascus he harassed the kingdom of Solomon during his whole reign. With regard to the statement of Nicolaus in the 4th book ef his history, quoted by Josephus (Ant. 7:5, 2), there is less difficulty, as there seems to be no reason for attributing to it any historical authority. He says that the name of the king of Damascus whom David defeated was Hadad, and that his descendants and successors took the same name for ten generations. If this be true, Rezon was a usurper, but the origin of the story is probably the confused account of the Sept. In the Vatican MS. of the Sept. the account of Rezon is inserted in 1Ki_11:14 in close connection with Hadad, and on this Josephus appears to have founded his story that Hadad, on leaving Egypt, endeavored without success to excite Idumea to revolt, and then went to Syria, where he joined himself with Rezon, called by Josephus Raazarus ( ῾Ραάζαρος), who, at the head of a band of robbers, was plundering the country (Ant. 8:7, 6). It was Hadad, and not Rezon, according to the account in Josephus, who established himself king of that part of Syria and made inroads upon the Israelites. In 1Ki_15:18, Benhadad, king of Damascus in the reign of Asa, is described as the grandson of Hezion; and from the resemblance between the names Rezon and Hezion, when written in Hebrew characters, it has been suggested that the latter is a corrupt reading for the former. For this suggestion, however, there does not appear to be sufficient ground, though it was adopted by Sir John Marsham (Chron. Can. p. 346) and Sir Isaac Newton (Chronol. p. 221), as well as by some later translators and commentators (Junius, Kohler, Dathe, Ewald). Against it are,
(a) that the number of generations of the Syrian kings would then be one less than those of the contemporary kings of Judah. But then the reign of Abijam was only three years, and, in fact, Jeroboam outlived both Rehoboam and his son.
(b) The statement of Nicolaus of Damascus (Josephus, Ant. 7:5, 2) that from the time of David for ten generations the kings of Syria were one dynasty, each king taking the name of Hadad, as did the Ptolemies in Egypt. But this would exclude not only Hezion and Tabrimoln, but Kezon, unless we may interpret the last sentence to mean that the official title of Hadad was held in addition to the ordinary name of the king. Bunsen (Bibelwerk, 1, 271) makes Hezion contemporary with Rehoboam, and probably a grandson of Rezon. The name is Aramaic, and Ewald compares it with Rezin.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
REZON.According to the Heb. text of 1Ki_11:23-25, Rezon, son of Eliada, was one of the military officers of that Hadadezer, king of the little realm of Zobah (cuneiform, Subiti), S. of Damascus and not far from the Sea of Tiberias, whom David overthrew (2Sa_8:3 ff.). For some unknown reason he deserted Hadadezer, gathered a band of freebooters, seized Damascus, and founded there the dynasty which created the most powerful of the Syrian kingdoms. He was a thorn in Solomons side, and his successors were bitter adversaries of Israel. Unfortunately, the text presents a suspicious appearance. 1Ki_11:23-25 a have evidently been interpolated between 1Ki_11:22 and 1Ki_11:25 b, and in the best MSS of the LXX [Note: Septuagint.] the story, with some variations, follows 1Ki_11:14. In either position it interrupts the course of the narrative, and the best solution of the difficulty is to regard it as a gloss, embodying a historical reminiscence. There is not sufficient evidence for the view maintained by Thenius and Klostermann, that the name should be spelled Hezron and identified with Hezion (1Ki_15:18).
J. Taylor.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
(See HADAREZER.) 1Ki_11:23-24. Gathered the Syrian remnant, after David's slaughter of his master Hadadezer (2Sa_8:3-8), and set up a petty kingdom at Damascus, and thence harassed Solomon's kingdom. See also Josephus, Ant. 8:7, section 6.
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
Re'zon. (prince). Son of Eliadah, a Syrian, who when David defeated Hadadezer, king of Zobah, put himself at the head of a band of freebooters, and set up a petty kingdom at Damascus. 1Ki_11:23. He harassed the kingdom of Solomon, during his whole reign. (B.C. 1043-975).
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
rē?zon (רזון, rezōn; Ῥάζων, Rházōn): Son of Eliadah, and a subject of Hadadezer, king of Zobah (1Ki_11:23). The name appears to be given as חזיון, ḥezyōn; Ἁζείν, Hazeı́n (1Ki_15:18; see HEZION), where he is the father of Tabrimmon, whose son Ben-hadad I is known through his leaaue with Asa, king of Judah. When David conquered Zobah, Rezon renounced his allegiance to Hadadezer and became powerful as an independent chief, capturing Damascus and setting up as king. Along with Hadad, the noted Edomite patriot, he became a thorn in the side of Solomon, the one making himself obnoxious in the South, the other in the North, of the kingdom of Israel, both being animated with a bitter hatred of the common foe. It is said of Rezon that he ?reigned over Syria? (1Ki_11:25), and if the surmise adopted by many scholars is correct that he is the same as Hezion (1Ki_15:18), then he was really the founder of the dynasty of Syrian kings so well known in the history of this period of Israel; and the line would run: Rezon, Tabrimmon, Ben-hadad I, and Ben-hadad II.
Literature.
Burney on 1Ki_11:23 and 1Ki_15:18 in Notes on Hebrew Text of Books of Kings; Winckler, Alttest. Untersuchunaen, 60 ff.
.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Re?zon (prince); an officer of Hadadezer, king of Zobah, who established the independence of Damascus, and made it the seat of the kingdom of Damascene-Syria, so often mentioned in the history of the Hebrew kingdoms (1Ki_11:23-24) [DAMASCUS].
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
Rezon
(Heb. Rezon', רְזוֹן, prince; Sept. ῾Ραζών v. r. Ε᾿σρώμ), the son of Eliadah, a Syrian, who, when David defeated Hadadezer, king of Zobah, put himself at the head of a band of freebooters and set up a petty kingdom at Damascus (1Ki_11:23). B.C. post 1043. Whether he was an officer of Hadadezer, who, foreseeing the destruction which David would inflict, prudently escaped with some followers, or whether he gathered his band of the remnant of those who survived the slaughter, does not appear. The latter is more probable. The settlement of Rezon at Damascus could not have been till some time after the disastrous battle in which the power of Hadadezer was broken, for we are told that David at the same time defeated the army of Damascene Syrians who came to the relief of Hadadezer, and put garrisons in Damascus. From his position at Damascus he harassed the kingdom of Solomon during his whole reign. With regard to the statement of Nicolaus in the 4th book ef his history, quoted by Josephus (Ant. 7:5, 2), there is less difficulty, as there seems to be no reason for attributing to it any historical authority. He says that the name of the king of Damascus whom David defeated was Hadad, and that his descendants and successors took the same name for ten generations. If this be true, Rezon was a usurper, but the origin of the story is probably the confused account of the Sept. In the Vatican MS. of the Sept. the account of Rezon is inserted in 1Ki_11:14 in close connection with Hadad, and on this Josephus appears to have founded his story that Hadad, on leaving Egypt, endeavored without success to excite Idumea to revolt, and then went to Syria, where he joined himself with Rezon, called by Josephus Raazarus ( ῾Ραάζαρος), who, at the head of a band of robbers, was plundering the country (Ant. 8:7, 6). It was Hadad, and not Rezon, according to the account in Josephus, who established himself king of that part of Syria and made inroads upon the Israelites. In 1Ki_15:18, Benhadad, king of Damascus in the reign of Asa, is described as the grandson of Hezion; and from the resemblance between the names Rezon and Hezion, when written in Hebrew characters, it has been suggested that the latter is a corrupt reading for the former. For this suggestion, however, there does not appear to be sufficient ground, though it was adopted by Sir John Marsham (Chron. Can. p. 346) and Sir Isaac Newton (Chronol. p. 221), as well as by some later translators and commentators (Junius, Kohler, Dathe, Ewald). Against it are,
(a) that the number of generations of the Syrian kings would then be one less than those of the contemporary kings of Judah. But then the reign of Abijam was only three years, and, in fact, Jeroboam outlived both Rehoboam and his son.
(b) The statement of Nicolaus of Damascus (Josephus, Ant. 7:5, 2) that from the time of David for ten generations the kings of Syria were one dynasty, each king taking the name of Hadad, as did the Ptolemies in Egypt. But this would exclude not only Hezion and Tabrimoln, but Kezon, unless we may interpret the last sentence to mean that the official title of Hadad was held in addition to the ordinary name of the king. Bunsen (Bibelwerk, 1, 271) makes Hezion contemporary with Rehoboam, and probably a grandson of Rezon. The name is Aramaic, and Ewald compares it with Rezin.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
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