Tartan
VIEW:21 DATA:01-04-2020
a general
(official title)
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
TARTAN.The title borne by two Assyr. [Note: Assyrian.] officers, one of whom was sent by Sargon to Ashdod (Isa_20:1), while the other, with the Rab-saris and the Rab-shakeh, was sent by Sennacherib to demand from Hezekiah the surrender of Jerusalem (2Ki_18:17). The word is a transcription in Heb. of the Assyr. [Note: Assyrian.] tartânu or turtânu, the title borne by the commander-in-chief of the army.
L. W. King.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
Next to the Assyrian king in apparent rank. The commander-in-chief, who commanded his armies in his absence (Isa_20:1). One sent against Ashdod by Sargon, distinct from Sennacherib's tartan (2Ki_18:17). After the tartan came the rubsaris, "chief eunuch," who had right of near approach to the king's person, and introduced strangers and attended to his comforts; then the rabshakeh, "chief cupbearer," representing his master in embassies.
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
Tar'tan. Tartan, which occurs only in 2Ki_18:17 and Isa_20:1, has been, generally, regarded as a proper name; like Rabsaris and Rabshakeh, it is, more probably, an official designation, and indicates the Assyrian commander-in-chief.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
tar?tan (תּרתּן, tartan): For a long time the word was interpreted as a proper name, but the Assyrian inscriptions have shown it to be the title of a high official. From the eponym lists it would seem that it was the title of the highest official next to the king, which in a military empire like Assyria would be the ?commander-in-chief.? The Assyrian form of the name is tartanu or turtanu. In both Old Testament passages the reference is to a military officer. In Isa_20:1 it is used of the officer sent by Sargon, king of Assyria, against Ashdod; according to 2Ki_18:17, Sennacherib sent Tartan and RAB-SARIS (which see) and RABSHAKEH (which see) with a great host against Jerusalem. The names of the-two officials are not known.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Tar?tan, an Assyrian general whom Sennacherib sent, accompanied by Rabsaris and Rabshakeh, to Jerusalem (2Ki_18:17). It is not known whether this is the same officer who in a preceding reign besieged and took Ashdod for his master (Isa_20:1).
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
(Heb. Tartan', תִּרְתָּן; Sept. Θαρθάν v.r. Τανάθαν or Ταραθάν; Vulg. Tharthan), which occurs only in 2Ki_18:17 and Isa_20:1, has been generally regarded as a proper name (Gesenius, Lex. Heb. s.v.). Winer assumes, on account of the identity of name, that the same person is intended in the two places (Realw. s.v.). Recent discoveries make it probable that in Tartan, as in Rabsaris and Rabshakeh, we have not a proper name at all, but a title or official designation, like Pharaoh among the Egyptians, or Surena among the Parthians (Tacit. Ann. 6:42). The Assvrian Tartan is a general, or commander-in-chief. It seems as if the Greek translator of 2 Kings had an inkling of the truth, and therefore prefixed the article to all three names, which he very rarely prefixes to the names of persons where they are first mentioned. If this be the true account of the term Tartan, we must understand in 2Ki_18:17 that Sennacherib sent a general, together with his chief eunuch and chief cup-bearer, on an embassy to Hezekiah, and in Isa_20:1 that a general-probably a different person-was employed by Sargon against Ashdod, and succeeded in taking the city. SEE TRIBUTE.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
(official title)
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
TARTAN.The title borne by two Assyr. [Note: Assyrian.] officers, one of whom was sent by Sargon to Ashdod (Isa_20:1), while the other, with the Rab-saris and the Rab-shakeh, was sent by Sennacherib to demand from Hezekiah the surrender of Jerusalem (2Ki_18:17). The word is a transcription in Heb. of the Assyr. [Note: Assyrian.] tartânu or turtânu, the title borne by the commander-in-chief of the army.
L. W. King.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
Next to the Assyrian king in apparent rank. The commander-in-chief, who commanded his armies in his absence (Isa_20:1). One sent against Ashdod by Sargon, distinct from Sennacherib's tartan (2Ki_18:17). After the tartan came the rubsaris, "chief eunuch," who had right of near approach to the king's person, and introduced strangers and attended to his comforts; then the rabshakeh, "chief cupbearer," representing his master in embassies.
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
Tar'tan. Tartan, which occurs only in 2Ki_18:17 and Isa_20:1, has been, generally, regarded as a proper name; like Rabsaris and Rabshakeh, it is, more probably, an official designation, and indicates the Assyrian commander-in-chief.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
tar?tan (תּרתּן, tartan): For a long time the word was interpreted as a proper name, but the Assyrian inscriptions have shown it to be the title of a high official. From the eponym lists it would seem that it was the title of the highest official next to the king, which in a military empire like Assyria would be the ?commander-in-chief.? The Assyrian form of the name is tartanu or turtanu. In both Old Testament passages the reference is to a military officer. In Isa_20:1 it is used of the officer sent by Sargon, king of Assyria, against Ashdod; according to 2Ki_18:17, Sennacherib sent Tartan and RAB-SARIS (which see) and RABSHAKEH (which see) with a great host against Jerusalem. The names of the-two officials are not known.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Tar?tan, an Assyrian general whom Sennacherib sent, accompanied by Rabsaris and Rabshakeh, to Jerusalem (2Ki_18:17). It is not known whether this is the same officer who in a preceding reign besieged and took Ashdod for his master (Isa_20:1).
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
(Heb. Tartan', תִּרְתָּן; Sept. Θαρθάν v.r. Τανάθαν or Ταραθάν; Vulg. Tharthan), which occurs only in 2Ki_18:17 and Isa_20:1, has been generally regarded as a proper name (Gesenius, Lex. Heb. s.v.). Winer assumes, on account of the identity of name, that the same person is intended in the two places (Realw. s.v.). Recent discoveries make it probable that in Tartan, as in Rabsaris and Rabshakeh, we have not a proper name at all, but a title or official designation, like Pharaoh among the Egyptians, or Surena among the Parthians (Tacit. Ann. 6:42). The Assvrian Tartan is a general, or commander-in-chief. It seems as if the Greek translator of 2 Kings had an inkling of the truth, and therefore prefixed the article to all three names, which he very rarely prefixes to the names of persons where they are first mentioned. If this be the true account of the term Tartan, we must understand in 2Ki_18:17 that Sennacherib sent a general, together with his chief eunuch and chief cup-bearer, on an embassy to Hezekiah, and in Isa_20:1 that a general-probably a different person-was employed by Sargon against Ashdod, and succeeded in taking the city. SEE TRIBUTE.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
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