TEMPEST.See Galilee [Sea of], 3; Whirlwind.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
tem?pest (סערה, ṣe‛ārāh, or שׂערה, se‛ārāh, ?a whirlwind,? זרם, zerem, ?overflowing rain?; χειμών, cheimṓn, θύελλα, thúella): Heavy storms of wind and rain are common in Palestine and the Mediterranean. The storms particularly mentioned in the Bible are: (1) the 40 days' rain of the great flood of Noah (Gen_7:4); (2) hail and rain as a plague in Egypt (Exo_9:18); (3) the great rain after the drought and the contest of Elijah on Carmel (1Ki_18:45); (4) the tempest on the sea in the story of Jonah (Jon_1:4); (5) the storm on the Lake of Galilee when Jesus was awakened to calm the waves (Mat_8:24; Mar_4:37; Luk_8:23); (6) the storm causing the shipwreck of Paul at Melita (Act_27:18). Frequent references are found to God's power over storm and use of the tempest in His anger: ?He maketh the storm a calm? (Psa_107:29); He sends the ?tempest of hail, a destroying storm? (Isa_28:2). See also Job_9:17; Job_21:18; Isa_30:30. Yahweh overwhelms His enemies as with a storm: ?She shall be visited of Yahweh of hosts with thunder, and with earthquake, and great noise, with whirlwind and tempest? (Isa_29:6). Yahweh is a ?refuge from the storm? (Isa_25:4; Isa_4:6).
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Job_9:17 (b) This type describes the tremendous, overwhelming sorrow that had come upon Job because of the losses described in the first two chapters of the book.
Psa_11:6 (b) By this is described the great sorrows which GOD sends upon His enemies because they will not trust and obey Him.
Psa_55:8 (b) Evidently David is describing life's troubles, sorrows and perplexities which overwhelmed him, as the storm overwhelms that which is in its path.
Psa_83:15 (b) The call is for GOD to send upon His enemies troubles, sorrows, grief and disaster as a punishment for their evil doings.
Isa_28:2 (b) This is descriptive of the devastation that would be wrought upon Ephraim by the invasion of the enemy.
Isa_32:2 (a) Here we see a type of the terrible outpouring of GOD's judgments upon His enemies, but which will not hurt nor harm those who are hidden in the Rock of ages, CHRIST JESUS.
Isa_54:11 (b) This type describes the sorrows and afflictions of Israel - pestilence, famine, invasion of hostile armies, internal insurrections, and other troubles which laid Israel low among the nations.
Amo_1:14 (a) GOD will punish the Ammonites with a terrible destruction when He pours out His wrath upon them because of their wickedness and of their hatred of Israel.
Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types
press 1957.