Thank-Offering
VIEW:16 DATA:01-04-2020
THANK-OFFERING.See Sacrifice, § 12.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
(זֶבִה תּוֹדָה, Lev_22:29; or briefly תּוֹדָה, 2Ch_29:3; Psa_56:13; Jer_17:26; literally praise or thanksgiving, as often rendered), a variety of the peace-offering (hence the full expression זֶבִה תּוֹדִת הִשְּׁלָמַים, Lev_7:13; Lev_7:15), the other two kinds being the votive offering, specifically such (זֶבִה נֵדֶר), and the ordinary free-will offering (נְדָבָה זֶבח). As its name implies, it was a bloody or animal sacrifice, and its specific character was the praise which it embodied towards God. Like all the other divisions of the peace-offering, it was entirely voluntary, being placed in the light of a privilege rather than a duty. It is intimately associated with the meat-offering (q.v.).
The nature of the victim was left to the sacrificer; it might be male or female, of the flock or of the herd, provided that it was unblemished; the hand of the sacrificer was laid on its head, the fat burned, and the blood sprinkled as in the burnt-offering; of the flesh, the breast and right shoulder (the former of which the offerer was to heave and the latter to wave) were given to the priest; the rest belonged to the sacrificer as a sacrificial feast (1Co_10:18), to be eaten, either on the day of sacrifice or on the next day (Lev_7:11-18; Lev_7:29-34), except in the case of the firstlings, which belonged to the priest alone (Lev_23:20). The eating of the flesh of the meat-offering was considered a partaking of the table of the Lord; and on solemn occasions, as at the dedication of the Temple of Solomon, it was conducted on all enormous scale, and became a great national feast, especially at periods of unusual solemnity or rejoicing; as at the first inauguration of the covenant (Exo_24:5), at the first consecration of Aaron and of the tabernacle (Lev_9:18), at the solemn reading of the law in Canaan by Joshua (Jos_8:31), at the accession of Saul (1Sa_11:15), at the bringing of the ark to Mount Zion by David (2Sa_6:17), at the consecration of the Temple, and thrice every year afterwards, by Solomon (1Ki_8:63; 1Ki_9:25), and at the great Passover of Hezekiah (2Ch_30:22). In two cases only (Jdg_20:26; 2Sa_24:25) are these or any other kind of peace-offering mentioned as offered with burnt-offerings at a time of national sorrow and fasting. Here their force seems to have been precatory rather than eucharistic. The key to the understanding of this is furnished by Hengstenberg: To give thanks for grace already received is a refined way of begging for more. As prayer is founded on the divine promise, it may be expressed in the way of anticipated thanks.
Among thank-offerings, in the most extensive sense, might be reckoned the presentation of the first-born (Exo_13:12-13); the first-fruits, including the fruit of all manner of trees, honey, oil, and new wine (Lev_23:10-13; Num_18:12; 1Ch_9:29; Neh_10:37;. 2Ch_32:5); the second tithe (Deu_12:17-18; Deu_14:23); and the lamb of the Passover (Exo_12:3-17). Leaven and honey were excluded from all offerings made by fire (Lev_2:11); and salt was required in all (2, 13; Mar_9:49; Col_4:6). So also the Hebrews were forbidden to offer anything vile and contemptible (Deu_23:18; Mal_1:7-8). SEE PEACE OFFERING.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
(זֶבִה תּוֹדָה, Lev_22:29; or briefly תּוֹדָה, 2Ch_29:3; Psa_56:13; Jer_17:26; literally praise or thanksgiving, as often rendered), a variety of the peace-offering (hence the full expression זֶבִה תּוֹדִת הִשְּׁלָמַים, Lev_7:13; Lev_7:15), the other two kinds being the votive offering, specifically such (זֶבִה נֵדֶר), and the ordinary free-will offering (נְדָבָה זֶבח). As its name implies, it was a bloody or animal sacrifice, and its specific character was the praise which it embodied towards God. Like all the other divisions of the peace-offering, it was entirely voluntary, being placed in the light of a privilege rather than a duty. It is intimately associated with the meat-offering (q.v.).
The nature of the victim was left to the sacrificer; it might be male or female, of the flock or of the herd, provided that it was unblemished; the hand of the sacrificer was laid on its head, the fat burned, and the blood sprinkled as in the burnt-offering; of the flesh, the breast and right shoulder (the former of which the offerer was to heave and the latter to wave) were given to the priest; the rest belonged to the sacrificer as a sacrificial feast (1Co_10:18), to be eaten, either on the day of sacrifice or on the next day (Lev_7:11-18; Lev_7:29-34), except in the case of the firstlings, which belonged to the priest alone (Lev_23:20). The eating of the flesh of the meat-offering was considered a partaking of the table of the Lord; and on solemn occasions, as at the dedication of the Temple of Solomon, it was conducted on all enormous scale, and became a great national feast, especially at periods of unusual solemnity or rejoicing; as at the first inauguration of the covenant (Exo_24:5), at the first consecration of Aaron and of the tabernacle (Lev_9:18), at the solemn reading of the law in Canaan by Joshua (Jos_8:31), at the accession of Saul (1Sa_11:15), at the bringing of the ark to Mount Zion by David (2Sa_6:17), at the consecration of the Temple, and thrice every year afterwards, by Solomon (1Ki_8:63; 1Ki_9:25), and at the great Passover of Hezekiah (2Ch_30:22). In two cases only (Jdg_20:26; 2Sa_24:25) are these or any other kind of peace-offering mentioned as offered with burnt-offerings at a time of national sorrow and fasting. Here their force seems to have been precatory rather than eucharistic. The key to the understanding of this is furnished by Hengstenberg: To give thanks for grace already received is a refined way of begging for more. As prayer is founded on the divine promise, it may be expressed in the way of anticipated thanks.
Among thank-offerings, in the most extensive sense, might be reckoned the presentation of the first-born (Exo_13:12-13); the first-fruits, including the fruit of all manner of trees, honey, oil, and new wine (Lev_23:10-13; Num_18:12; 1Ch_9:29; Neh_10:37;. 2Ch_32:5); the second tithe (Deu_12:17-18; Deu_14:23); and the lamb of the Passover (Exo_12:3-17). Leaven and honey were excluded from all offerings made by fire (Lev_2:11); and salt was required in all (2, 13; Mar_9:49; Col_4:6). So also the Hebrews were forbidden to offer anything vile and contemptible (Deu_23:18; Mal_1:7-8). SEE PEACE OFFERING.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
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