Troas

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Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary


TROAS.—A city of Mysia on the N.W. coast of Asia Minor. It was in the Roman province Asia. It was founded by Antigonus, and re-founded in b.c. 300 by Lysimachus, who named it Alexandria Troas. For a time under the Seleucid kings of Syria, it gained its freedom, and began to strike its own coins (examples exist from b.c. 164 to 65). Its freedom continued under Pergamenian and afterwards, from b.c. 133, under Roman rule. Augustus made it a Roman colony, and it became one of the greatest cities of N.W. Asia. The Roman preference was partly explained by their belief in the early connexion between Troy and their own capital. This place was a regular port of call on coasting voyages between Macedonia and Asia (cf. Act_16:8; Act_20:5, 2Co_2:12). St. Paul, with Silas and Timothy, approached Troas from the Asian-Bithynian frontier near Dorylæum or Cotiæum (Act_16:6-8). He did not preach in Mysia on the first visit, though the Western text at Act_16:5 makes him do so.
A. Souter.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909


Alexandria Troas, now Eshki Stamboul, "old Constantinople." A city of Mysia, S. of ancient Troy, opposite the island Tenedos. The country was called the Troad. Antigonus built and Lysimachus enlarged. Troas. It was the chief port between Macedonia and Asia Minor. The roads to the interior were good. Suetonius says Julius Caesar designed to establish there the seat of his empire (Caesar, 79); Augustus and Constantine meditated the same project. Roman sentiment attracted them to Troas, the alleged seat from whence Aeueas, the fabled progenitor of Rome's founder, originally migrated. The rains are large, and the harbour still traceable, a basin 400 ft. by 200 ft. Here on his second missionary tour Paul saw the vision of the man of Macedon praying, "come over and help us" (Act_16:8-12).
During his next missionary tour Paul rested a while in his northward journey from Ephesus, hoping to meet Titus (2Co_2:12-13). On his return from this his first gospel preaching in Europe, he met at Troas those who went before him front Philippi; he stayed at T. seven days, and here restored to life Eutychus who had fallen from the third loft, being overwhelmed with sleep during Paul's long sermon: a reproof of carelessness and drowsiness in church on the one hand, and of long and late preaching on the other (Act_20:5-13). Here after his first imprisonment he left his cloak, books, and parchments in Carpus' house (2Ti_4:13). Troas had then the jus Italicum. Beautiful coins of Troas are extant, the oldest bearing the head of Apollo Sminthius. The walls enclose a rectangle, one mile from E. to W. and one mile from N. to S.
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.


Tro'as. The city from which St. Paul first sailed, in consequence of a divine intimation, to carry the gospel from Asia to Europe. Act_16:8; Act_16:11. It is mentioned on other occasions. Act_20:5-6; 2Co_2:12-13; 2Ti_4:13. Its full name was Alexandria Troas, (Liv. Xxxv. 42), and sometimes it was called simply, Alexandria; sometimes simply, Troas.
It was first built by Antigonus, under the name of Antigonea Troas, and peopled with the inhabitants of some neighboring cities. Afterward, it was embellished by Lysimachus, and named, Alexandria Troas. Its situation was on the coast of Mysia, opposite the southeast extremity of the island of Tenedos. Under the Romans, it was one of the most important towns of the province of Asia. In the time of St. Paul, it was a colonia with the Jus Italicum. The modern name is Eski-Stamboul, with considerable ruins. We can still trace the harbor in a basin, about 400 feet long and 200 feet broad.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863


a city of Phrygia, or of Mysia, upon the Hellespont, having the old city of Troy to the north, and that of Assos to the south. Sometimes the name of Troas is put for the province, wherein the city of Troy stood. St. Paul was at Troas, when he had the vision of the Macedonian inviting him to come and preach in that kingdom, Act_16:8. Beside this, the Apostle was several times at Troas; but we know nothing particular of his transactions there, Act_20:5-6; 2Co_2:14; 2Ti_4:13.
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.


The city of Troas was situated close by the site of ancient Troy in the region once known as Mysia. In New Testament times this region was part of the Roman province of Asia, and Troas was the main port in the province’s north-west. (For map see ASIA.)
From Troas travellers sailed across the Aegean Sea to Macedonia, from where a major road led to Rome (Act_16:8-11; Act_20:6-13). Troas therefore became an important town on the main route from Rome to Asia, and the Roman government gave it the status of a Roman colony. (Concerning Roman colonies see ROME, sub-heading ‘Provinces of the Empire’.) Paul visited Troas several times on his journeys to and from Rome (Act_16:8-11; Act_20:6-13; 2Co_2:12-13; 2Ti_4:13).
Bridgeway Bible Dictionary by Don Fleming
PRINTER 1990.


trō?as (Τρῳάς, Trōas): The chief city in the Northwest of Asia Minor, on the coast of Mysia in the Roman province of Asia. From here, according to Act_16:8, Paul sailed. Here, also, according to Act_20:5-12, Paul raised Eutychus from the dead. The name Troas was not confined to the town itself, but it was also applied to the surrounding district, or to that part of the coast which is now generally known as the Troad. In its early history it bore the name of Antigona Troas, which was given it by its founder Antigonus, but after 300 BC it was generally known to the classical writers as Alexander Troas, a name given to it by Lysimachus. For a time the Seleucid kings made their homes at Troas. Later, when the city became free, it struck its own coins, of which vast numbers are found; a common type is one upon which is stamped a grazing horse. In 133 BC Troas came into the possession of the Romans, and later, during the reign of Augustus, it was made a Roman colonia, independent of the Roman governor of the province of Asia. Its citizens were then exempt from poll and land tax. During Byzantine times Troas was the seat of a bishopric.
The ruins of Troas, now bearing the name of Eski Stambul, are extensive, giving evidence of the great size and importance of the ancient city. They have, however, long been used as a quarry, and the columns of the public buildings were taken to Constantinople for use in the construction of the mosque known as the Yeni Valideh Jami. The site is now mostly overgrown with oaks, but from the higher portions of the ruins there is an extensive view over the sea and the neighboring islands. It is only with difficulty that one may now trace the city walls and locate the square towers which flanked them at intervals. Within the walls are the remains of theater, the temple and the gymnasium, which was provided with baths. The port from which Paul sailed was constructed by means of a mole, with an outer and an inner basin. The most imposing of the ruins, however, is a large aqueduct which was built in the time of Trajan.

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.


Tro?as, more fully Alexandria-Troas, a city of northern or Lesser Mysia, in Asia Minor, situated on the coast at some distance southward from the site of Troy, upon an eminence opposite the island of Tenedos. Paul was twice at this place (Act_16:8-9; Act_20:6; 2Co_2:12; 2Ti_4:13). The name Troas, or Troad, strictly belonged to the whole district around Troy. Alexandria-Troas is represented by the present Eski-Stamboul, and its ruins are now concealed in the heart of a thick wood of oaks, with which the country abounds.




The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.



(Τρωάς). The city from which Paul first sailed, in consequence of a divine intimation, to carry the Gospel from Asia to Europe (Act_16:8; Act_16:11) where he rested for a short time on the northward road from Ephesus (during the next missionary journey), in the expectation of meeting Titus (2Co_2:12-13); where, on the return southwards (during the same missionary journey), he met those who had preceded him from Philippi (Act_20:5-6), and remained a week, the close of which (before the journey to Assos) was marked by the raising of Eutychus from the dead during the protracted midnight discourse; and where, after an interval of many years, the apostle left (during a journey the details of which are unknown) a cloak and some books and parchments in the house of Carpus (2Ti_4:13)-deserves the careful attention of the student of the New Test., and is memorable as a relic of the famous city of Troy.
The full name of the city was Alexandria Troas (Livy, 35:42), and sometimes it was called simply Alexandria, as by Pliny (Hist. Nat. 5, 33) and Straba (13, 593), sometimes simply Troas (as in the New Test. and the Ant. Itin. See Wesseling, p.334). The former part of the name indicates the period at which it was founded. It was first built by Antigonus, under the name of Antigonia Troas, and peopled with the inhabitants of some neighboring cities. Afterwards it was embellished by Lysimachus, and named Alexandria Troas. Its situation was on the coast of Mysia, opposite the south-east extremity of the island of Tenedos. The name Troad strictly belongs to the whole district around Troy.
Under the Romans it was one of the most important towns of the province of Asia. It was the chief point of arrival and departure for those who went by sea between Macedonia and the western Asiatic districts; and it was connected by good roads with other places on the coast and in the interior. For the latter see the map in Leake's Asia Minor, and in Lewin's St. Paul, 2, 81. The former cannot be better illustrated ‘than by Paul's two voyages between Troas and Philippi (Act_16:11-12; Act_20:6), one of which was accomplished in two days, the other in five. At this time Alexandria was was a colonia with the Justalicum. This strong Roman connection can be read on its coins. The Romans had a peculiar feeling connected with the place, in consequence of the legend of their origin from Troy. Suetonius tells us that Julius Caesar had a plan of making Troas the seat of empire (Caes. 79). It may perhaps be inferred from the words of Horace (Catrm. 3, 3, 57) that Augustus had some such dreams. Even the modern name EskiStamnbul or Eski-Istamboul (“Old Constantinople”) seems to commemorate the thought which was once in Constantine's mind (Zosim. 2, 30; Zonar. 13:3), who, to use Gibbon's words, “before he gave a just preference to the situation of Byzantium, had conceived the design of erecting the seat of empire on this celebrated spot, from which the Romans derived their fabulous origin.”
The ruins at Eski-Stambul are considerable. The most conspicuous, however, especially the remains of the aqueduct of Herodes Atticus, did not exist when Paul was there. The walls, which may represent the extent of the city in the apostle's time, enclose a rectangular space, extending above a mile from east to west, and nearly a mile from north to south. The harbor (Conybeare and Howson, St. Paul, 1, 283) is still distinctly traceable in a basin about 400 feet long and 200 broad. — Smith. Descriptions in greater or less detail are given by Pococke, Chandler, Hunt (in Walpole's Memoirs), Clarke, Prokesch, Richter (Walfahrten,p.462), Olivier, Fellows, and the later travelers mentioned in Murray's Handbook for Turkey in Asia, p.153-159. The vicinity has recently become noted for the discovery of what are presumed to be the ruins of ancient Troy at Hisarlik by Sehliemann (Troy and its Remains [Lond. 1875]). See also Maclaren, Plain of Troy (Edinb. 1863); Meyer, Gesch. von Troas (Leips. 1877).



CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.





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