Virtue
VIEW:16 DATA:01-04-2020
VIRTUE.In Mar_5:30, Luk_6:19; Luk_8:46 the word virtue is used with the antiquated meaning of power, or powerful influence (Gr. dynamis).
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
vûr?t̬u: This word has two quite distinct meanings in the King James Version: (1) It was formerly often used in the now obsolete sense of ?manly power,? ?valor,? ?efficacy? (Latin, virtus, ?manly strength? or ?excellence,? from vir, ?man?):
?Trust in thy single virtue; for thy soldiers
All levied in thy name, have in thy name
Took their discharge.?
- Shakespeare, King Lear, V, iii, 103 ff.
It was also used in the sense of a mighty work, a miracle. Thus Wycliffe translates Mat_11:20 : ?Thanne Jhesus bigan to saye repreef to cities in whiche ful many vertues of him weren don.? So in the King James Version, Mar_5:30; Luk_6:19; Luk_8:46, in the sense of ?power,? ?miraculous energy or influence? (δύναμις, dúnamis, ?inherent power, residing in the nature of a thing?; contrast ἐξουσία, exousı́a, ?power arising from external opportunity or liberty of action?). In these passages it is translated in the Revised Version (British and American) ?power? (as elsewhere in the King James Version; compare Act_3:12, etc.). (2) In its ordinary modern meaning of ?moral goodness? it occurs in the King James Version and the Revised Version (British and American) The Wisdom of Solomon 4:1; 5:13; 8:7; Phi_4:8; 2Pe_1:3, 2Pe_1:5. In these passages it stands for ἀρετή, aretḗ, the usual classical term for ?moral excellence? (originally ?fitness? of any sort), used in Septuagint to translate words meaning ?glory,? ?praiseworthiness,? as in Hab_3:3; Isa_42:12; Isa_63:7 (of God); Zec_6:13 (of the Messiah). The Septuagint sense may color the meaning of the word as applied to God in 2Pe_1:3 the Revised Version (British and American); as also in its plural use (of God) in 1Pe_2:9 (the King James Version ?praises,? the Revised Version (British and American) ?excellencies?).
The adjective ?virtuous? occurs in the King James Version, the English Revised Version Rth_3:11; Pro_12:4; Pro_31:10 (the American Standard Revised Version ?worthy?), and the adverb ?virtuously? in Pro_31:29 (the American Standard Revised Version ?worthily?), in each case for חיל, ḥayil, ?strength,? ?force? (whether of body or of mind), then in a moral sense of ?worth,? ?virtue.?
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
a term used in various significations. Some define it to be living according to attire others, universal benevolence to being. Some, again, place it in regard to truth; others, in the moral sense. Some place it in the imitation of God; others, in the love of God and our fellow-creatures. Some, again, think it consists in mediocrity, supposing vice to consist in extremes; others have placed it in a wise regard to our own interest. Dr. Smith refers it to the principle of sympathy; land Paley defines it to be the doing good to mankind, in obedience to the will of God, and for the sake of everlasting happiness. Some of these definitions are certainly objectionable. Perhaps those who place it in the love of God and our fellow creatures may come as near to the truth as any. See Edwards and Jameson, On Virtue; Grove and Paley, Moral Phil.; Cumberland, Law of Nature, 1, 4; Beattie, Elements of Moral Science, 2, 8, 77; Watts, Self love and Virtue Reconciled, 2nd vol. of his: Works, last ed.
The standard of virtue is the will of God as expressed in nature (including the human constitution) and his written word. See Fleming and Krauth, Vocab. of Philos. p. 487, 548, 907.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
vûr?t̬u: This word has two quite distinct meanings in the King James Version: (1) It was formerly often used in the now obsolete sense of ?manly power,? ?valor,? ?efficacy? (Latin, virtus, ?manly strength? or ?excellence,? from vir, ?man?):
?Trust in thy single virtue; for thy soldiers
All levied in thy name, have in thy name
Took their discharge.?
- Shakespeare, King Lear, V, iii, 103 ff.
It was also used in the sense of a mighty work, a miracle. Thus Wycliffe translates Mat_11:20 : ?Thanne Jhesus bigan to saye repreef to cities in whiche ful many vertues of him weren don.? So in the King James Version, Mar_5:30; Luk_6:19; Luk_8:46, in the sense of ?power,? ?miraculous energy or influence? (δύναμις, dúnamis, ?inherent power, residing in the nature of a thing?; contrast ἐξουσία, exousı́a, ?power arising from external opportunity or liberty of action?). In these passages it is translated in the Revised Version (British and American) ?power? (as elsewhere in the King James Version; compare Act_3:12, etc.). (2) In its ordinary modern meaning of ?moral goodness? it occurs in the King James Version and the Revised Version (British and American) The Wisdom of Solomon 4:1; 5:13; 8:7; Phi_4:8; 2Pe_1:3, 2Pe_1:5. In these passages it stands for ἀρετή, aretḗ, the usual classical term for ?moral excellence? (originally ?fitness? of any sort), used in Septuagint to translate words meaning ?glory,? ?praiseworthiness,? as in Hab_3:3; Isa_42:12; Isa_63:7 (of God); Zec_6:13 (of the Messiah). The Septuagint sense may color the meaning of the word as applied to God in 2Pe_1:3 the Revised Version (British and American); as also in its plural use (of God) in 1Pe_2:9 (the King James Version ?praises,? the Revised Version (British and American) ?excellencies?).
The adjective ?virtuous? occurs in the King James Version, the English Revised Version Rth_3:11; Pro_12:4; Pro_31:10 (the American Standard Revised Version ?worthy?), and the adverb ?virtuously? in Pro_31:29 (the American Standard Revised Version ?worthily?), in each case for חיל, ḥayil, ?strength,? ?force? (whether of body or of mind), then in a moral sense of ?worth,? ?virtue.?
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
a term used in various significations. Some define it to be living according to attire others, universal benevolence to being. Some, again, place it in regard to truth; others, in the moral sense. Some place it in the imitation of God; others, in the love of God and our fellow-creatures. Some, again, think it consists in mediocrity, supposing vice to consist in extremes; others have placed it in a wise regard to our own interest. Dr. Smith refers it to the principle of sympathy; land Paley defines it to be the doing good to mankind, in obedience to the will of God, and for the sake of everlasting happiness. Some of these definitions are certainly objectionable. Perhaps those who place it in the love of God and our fellow creatures may come as near to the truth as any. See Edwards and Jameson, On Virtue; Grove and Paley, Moral Phil.; Cumberland, Law of Nature, 1, 4; Beattie, Elements of Moral Science, 2, 8, 77; Watts, Self love and Virtue Reconciled, 2nd vol. of his: Works, last ed.
The standard of virtue is the will of God as expressed in nature (including the human constitution) and his written word. See Fleming and Krauth, Vocab. of Philos. p. 487, 548, 907.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
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