Bag
VIEW:16 DATA:01-04-2020
Bag. Bag is the rendering of several words in the Old and New Testaments.
1. Hebrew, Charitim, the "bags" in which Naaman bound up the two talents of silver for Gehazi. 2Ki_5:23. They were long cone-like bags of the size to hold a precise amount of money, and tied or sealed for that amount, as we stamp the value on a coin.
2. Hebrew, Cis, a bag for carrying weights, Deu_25:13, also used as a purse Pro_1:14.
3. Hebrew, Celi, in Gen_42:25, is the "sack" in which Jacob's sons carried the corn which they brought from Egypt.
4. The shepherd's "bag" used by David was for the purpose of carrying the lambs unable to walk. Zec_11:15; Zec_16:5.
5. Hebrew, Tschar, properly a "bundle," Gen_42:35, appears to have been used by travellers for carrying money during a long journey. Pro_7:20.
6. The "bag" which Judas carried was probably a small box or chest. Joh_12:6; Joh_13:29.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
a purse or pouch, Deu_25:13; 1Sa_17:40; Luk_12:33; Job_14:17. The money collected in the treasuries of eastern princes was reckoned up in certain equal sums, put into bags and sealed. These are, in some parts of the Levant, called purses, where they estimate great expenses by so many purses. The money collected in the temple in the time of Joash, for its reparation, seems, in like manner, to have been told up in bags of equal value; and these were probably delivered sealed to those who paid the workmen, 2Ki_12:10. In the east, in the present day, a bag of money passes, for some time at least, currently from hand to hand, under the authority of a banker's seal, without any examination of its contents. See Tob_9:5; Tob_11:16.
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.
Bags of various kinds are mentioned in the English Bible, but often in a way to obscure rather than tr the original.
(1) ?Bag? is used for a Hebrew word which means a shepherd's ?bag,? rendered ?wallet? in the Revised Version (British and American). This ?bag? of the shepherd or ?haversack? of the traveler was of a size sufficient for one or more days' provisions. It was made of the skin of animals, ordinarily undressed, as most of the other ?bags? of ancient times were, and was carried slung across the shoulder. This is the ?scrip for the journey? πήρα, pḗra mentioned in Mat_10:10 and its parallel (the King James Version). (?Scrip? is Old English, now obsolete.) A unique word appears in 1Sa_17:40, 1Sa_17:49 which had to be explained even to Hebrew readers by the gloss, ?the shepherd's bag,? but which is likewise rendered ?wallet? by the American Standard Revised Version.
(2) ?Bag? translates also a word βαλλάντιον, ballántion which stands for the more finished leather pouch, or satchel which served as a ?purse? (see Christ's words, Luk_10:4 King James Version: ?Carry neither purse, nor scrip,? and Luk_12:33 King James Version: ?Provide yourselves bags which wax not old?). The word rendered ?purse? in Mat_10:9 : ?Get you no gold, nor silver, nor brass in your purses?; Mar_6:8 : ?No money in their purse,? is a different word entirely ζώνη, zō̇nē, the true rendering of which is ?girdle? (Revised Version, margin). The oriental ?girdle,? though sometimes of crude leather, or woven camel's hair (see GIRDLE), was often of fine material and elegant workmanship, and was either made hollow so to carry money, or when of silk or cloth, worn in folds, when the money was carried in the folds.
(3) The small ?merchant's bag? often knotted in a handkerchief for carrying the weights, such as is mentioned in Deu_25:13 : ?Thou shalt not have in thy bag divers weights, a great and a small,? was another variety. This too was used as ?purse,? as in the case of the proposed common purse of the wicked mentioned in Pro_1:14 : ?We will all have one purse,? and sometimes carried in the girdle (compare Isa_46:6).
(4) Then there was the ?bag? צרור, cerōr, rendered ?bundle? in Gen_42:35) which was the favorite receptacle for valuables, jewels, as well as money, used figuratively with fine effect in 1Sa_25:29 : ?The soul of my lord shall be bound in the bundle of life? - ?life's jewel-case? (see 2Ki_12:10 where the money of the temple was said to be put up ?tied up? in bags). This was a ?bag? that could be tied with a string: ?Behold, every man's bundle of money was in his sack,? and (compare Pro_7:20) ?He hath taken a bag of money with him? (compare Hag_1:6 : ?earneth wages to put it into a bag with holes?).
A seal was sometimes put on the knot, which occasions the figure of speech used in Job (Job_14:16, Job_14:17), ?Dost thou not watch over my sin? My transgression is sealed up in a bag,? i.e. it is securely kept and reckoned against me (compare also 1Sa_9:7; 1Sa_21:5 where the Hebrew כּלי, kelı̄, is rendered by ?vessels? and stands for receptacles for carrying food, not necessarily bags).
(5) Another Hebrew word חרט, ḥārı̄ṭ; Arabic ḥariṭat, is used, on the one hand, for a ?bag? large enough to hold a talent of silver (see 2Ki_5:23, ?bound two talents of silver in two bags?), and on the other, for a dainty lady's satchel, such as is found in Isa_3:22 (wrongly rendered ?crisping pins? in the King James Version). This is the most adequate Hebrew word for a large bag.
(6) The ?bag? which Judas carried (see Joh_12:6 the King James Version, ?He was a thief and had the bag?; compare Joh_13:29) was in reality the small ?box? (Revised Version, margin) originally used for holding the mouthpieces of wind instruments (Kennedy, in the 1-volume HDB). The Hebrew ארגּז, 'argāz, found only here) of 1Sa_6:8, rendered ?coffer? in English Versions of the Bible and translated γλοσσόκομον, glossókomon, by Josephus, appears to stand for a small ?chest? used to hold the gold figures sent by the Philistines as a guilt offering. It is from a word that means ?to wag,? ?to move to and fro?; compare the similar word in Arabic meaning a bag filled with stones hung at the side of the camel to ?preserve? equilibrium (Gesenius). But the same word Josephus uses is found in modern Greek and means ?purse? or ?bag? (Hatch). Later to ?carry the bag? came to mean to be treasurer.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Fig. 81?Money Purses
Bag, a purse or pouch (Deu_25:13; Job_14:17; 1Sa_17:40; Luk_12:33). The money deposited in the treasuries of Eastern princes, or intended for large payments, or to be sent to a government as taxes or tribute, is collected in long narrow bags or purses, each containing a certain amount of money, and sealed with the official seal. As the money is counted for this purpose, and sealed with great care by officers properly appointed, the bag, or purse, passes current, as long as the seal remains unbroken, for the amount marked thereon. In the receipt and payment of large sums, this is a great and important convenience in countries where the management of large transactions by paper is unknown, or where a currency is chiefly or wholly of silver it saves the great trouble of counting or weighing loose money. This usage is so well established, that, at this day, in the Levant, 'a purse' is the very name for a certain amount of money (now five pounds sterling), and all large payments are stated in 'purses.' The antiquity of this custom is attested by the monuments of Egypt, in which the ambassadors of distant nations are represented as bringing their tributes in sealed bags of money to Thothmes III; and we see the same bags deposited intact in the royal treasury. When coined money was not used, the seal must have been considered a voucher not only for the amount, but for the purity of the metal. The money collected in the Temple, in the time of Joash, seems to have been made up into bags of equal value after this fashion; which were probably delivered, sealed, to those who paid the workmen (2Ki_12:10; comp. also 2Ki_5:23; Tob_9:5; Tob_11:15).
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
Job_14:17 (a) We are to learn from this that GOD is keeping a careful record of every sin, none are overlooked, none are forgotten. Each one is preserved by GOD against the record of the sinner unless all of them are blotted out by the precious Blood of JESUS.
Hag_1:6 (b) This represents a business that failed, stocks and bonds that lose their value, barrenness in the fields caused by crop failure, the loss of sheep and cattle - generally speaking, the failure of those enterprises into which GOD's people put their money instead of giving it to Him. Those who rob GOD of that which is His due, will not profit by that which they save.
Joh_12:6 (a) Judas was the treasurer for the disciples and was stealing from the fund entrusted to his care. It is a lesson to us not to misuse that which belongs to the Lord, and which is in our possession for safekeeping.
Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types
press 1957.
Bag
a purse or pouch. The following words in the original are thus rendered in the English version of the Bible:
1. חָרַיטּ, charit', a pocket (Sept. θύλακος, Vulg. saccus), the bags in which Naaman bound up the two talents of silver for Gehazi (2Ki_5:23), probably so called, according to Gesenius, from their long. cone-like shape. The word only occurs besides in Isa_3:22 (A. V. crisping- pins), and there denotes the reticules carried by the Hebrew ladies.
2. כּיס, kis (Sept. μάρσιππος, μαρσύπιον, Vulg. sacculus, saccellus), a bag for carrying weights (Deu_25:13; Pro_16:11; Mic_6:11); also used as a purse (Pro_1:14; Isa_46:6); hence a cup (Pro_23:31).
3. כְּלי, keli' (Sept. κάδιον, Vulg. pera), translated bag in 1Sa_17:40; 1Sa_17:49, is a word of most general meaning, and is generally rendered vessel or instrument. In Gen_42:25, it is the sack in which Jacob's sons carried the corn which they brought from Egypt, and in 1Sa_9:7; 1Sa_21:5, it denotes a bag or wallet for carrying food (A. V. vessel; compare Jdg_10:5; Jdg_13:10; Jdg_13:15). The shepherd's bag which David had seems to have been worn by him as necessary to his calling, and was probably, from a comparison of Zec_11:15-16 (where A.V. instruments is the same word), for the purpose of carrying the lambs which were unable to walk or were lost, and contained materials for healing such as were sick and binding up those that were broken (comp. Eze_34:4; Eze_34:16). 4. צַרור. tseror' (Sept. ἔνδεσμος, δεσμός, Vulg. sacculus), properly a bundle (Gen_42:35; 1Sa_25:29), appears to have been used by travelers for carrying money during a long journey (Pro_7:20; Hag_1:6; compare Luk_12:33; Tob_9:5). In such bundles the priests bound up the money which was contributed for the restoration of the Temple under Jehoiada (2Ki_12:10; A. V. put up in bags)
5. The bag (γλωσσόκομον, Vulg. loculi) which Judas carried was probably a small box or chest (Joh_12:6; Joh_13:29). The Greek word is the same as that used in the Sept. for chest in 2Ch_24:8; 2Ch_24:10-11, and originally signified a box used by musicians for carrying the mouthpieces of their instruments.
6. The βαλάντιον, or wallet (Luk_10:4; Luk_12:33; Luk_22:35-36). Of these terms it will only be necessary here to discuss one application, which they all sustain, i.e. as a receptacle for money. The money deposited in the treasuries of Eastern princes, or intended for large payments, or to be sent to a government as taxes or tribute, is collected in long, narrow bags or purses, each containing a certain amount of money, and sealed with the official seal. As the money is counted for this purpose, and sealed with great care by officers properly appointed, the bag or purse passes current, as long as the seal remains unbroken, for the amount marked thereon. In the receipt and payment of large sums, this is a great and important convenience in countries where the management of large transactions by paper is unknown, or where a currency is chiefly or wholly of silver; it saves the great trouble of counting or weighing loose money. This usage is so well established that, at this day, in the Levant, a purse is the very name for a certain amount of money (now twenty-five dollars), and all large payments are stated in purses. The antiquity of this custom is attested by the monuments of Egypt, in which the ambassadors of distant nations are represented as bringing their tributes in sealed bags of money to Thothmes III; and we see the same bags deposited intact in the royal treasury (Wilkinson, 1:148, abridgm.). When coined money was not used, the seal must have been considered a voucher not only for the amount, but for the purity of the metal. The money collected in the Temple, in the time of Joash, seems to have been made up into bags of equal value after this fashion, which were probably delivered sealed to those who paid the workmen (2Ki_12:10; comp. also 2Ki_5:23; Tob_9:5; Tob_11:16). SEE MONEY.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
1. Hebrew, Charitim, the "bags" in which Naaman bound up the two talents of silver for Gehazi. 2Ki_5:23. They were long cone-like bags of the size to hold a precise amount of money, and tied or sealed for that amount, as we stamp the value on a coin.
2. Hebrew, Cis, a bag for carrying weights, Deu_25:13, also used as a purse Pro_1:14.
3. Hebrew, Celi, in Gen_42:25, is the "sack" in which Jacob's sons carried the corn which they brought from Egypt.
4. The shepherd's "bag" used by David was for the purpose of carrying the lambs unable to walk. Zec_11:15; Zec_16:5.
5. Hebrew, Tschar, properly a "bundle," Gen_42:35, appears to have been used by travellers for carrying money during a long journey. Pro_7:20.
6. The "bag" which Judas carried was probably a small box or chest. Joh_12:6; Joh_13:29.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
a purse or pouch, Deu_25:13; 1Sa_17:40; Luk_12:33; Job_14:17. The money collected in the treasuries of eastern princes was reckoned up in certain equal sums, put into bags and sealed. These are, in some parts of the Levant, called purses, where they estimate great expenses by so many purses. The money collected in the temple in the time of Joash, for its reparation, seems, in like manner, to have been told up in bags of equal value; and these were probably delivered sealed to those who paid the workmen, 2Ki_12:10. In the east, in the present day, a bag of money passes, for some time at least, currently from hand to hand, under the authority of a banker's seal, without any examination of its contents. See Tob_9:5; Tob_11:16.
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.
Bags of various kinds are mentioned in the English Bible, but often in a way to obscure rather than tr the original.
(1) ?Bag? is used for a Hebrew word which means a shepherd's ?bag,? rendered ?wallet? in the Revised Version (British and American). This ?bag? of the shepherd or ?haversack? of the traveler was of a size sufficient for one or more days' provisions. It was made of the skin of animals, ordinarily undressed, as most of the other ?bags? of ancient times were, and was carried slung across the shoulder. This is the ?scrip for the journey? πήρα, pḗra mentioned in Mat_10:10 and its parallel (the King James Version). (?Scrip? is Old English, now obsolete.) A unique word appears in 1Sa_17:40, 1Sa_17:49 which had to be explained even to Hebrew readers by the gloss, ?the shepherd's bag,? but which is likewise rendered ?wallet? by the American Standard Revised Version.
(2) ?Bag? translates also a word βαλλάντιον, ballántion which stands for the more finished leather pouch, or satchel which served as a ?purse? (see Christ's words, Luk_10:4 King James Version: ?Carry neither purse, nor scrip,? and Luk_12:33 King James Version: ?Provide yourselves bags which wax not old?). The word rendered ?purse? in Mat_10:9 : ?Get you no gold, nor silver, nor brass in your purses?; Mar_6:8 : ?No money in their purse,? is a different word entirely ζώνη, zō̇nē, the true rendering of which is ?girdle? (Revised Version, margin). The oriental ?girdle,? though sometimes of crude leather, or woven camel's hair (see GIRDLE), was often of fine material and elegant workmanship, and was either made hollow so to carry money, or when of silk or cloth, worn in folds, when the money was carried in the folds.
(3) The small ?merchant's bag? often knotted in a handkerchief for carrying the weights, such as is mentioned in Deu_25:13 : ?Thou shalt not have in thy bag divers weights, a great and a small,? was another variety. This too was used as ?purse,? as in the case of the proposed common purse of the wicked mentioned in Pro_1:14 : ?We will all have one purse,? and sometimes carried in the girdle (compare Isa_46:6).
(4) Then there was the ?bag? צרור, cerōr, rendered ?bundle? in Gen_42:35) which was the favorite receptacle for valuables, jewels, as well as money, used figuratively with fine effect in 1Sa_25:29 : ?The soul of my lord shall be bound in the bundle of life? - ?life's jewel-case? (see 2Ki_12:10 where the money of the temple was said to be put up ?tied up? in bags). This was a ?bag? that could be tied with a string: ?Behold, every man's bundle of money was in his sack,? and (compare Pro_7:20) ?He hath taken a bag of money with him? (compare Hag_1:6 : ?earneth wages to put it into a bag with holes?).
A seal was sometimes put on the knot, which occasions the figure of speech used in Job (Job_14:16, Job_14:17), ?Dost thou not watch over my sin? My transgression is sealed up in a bag,? i.e. it is securely kept and reckoned against me (compare also 1Sa_9:7; 1Sa_21:5 where the Hebrew כּלי, kelı̄, is rendered by ?vessels? and stands for receptacles for carrying food, not necessarily bags).
(5) Another Hebrew word חרט, ḥārı̄ṭ; Arabic ḥariṭat, is used, on the one hand, for a ?bag? large enough to hold a talent of silver (see 2Ki_5:23, ?bound two talents of silver in two bags?), and on the other, for a dainty lady's satchel, such as is found in Isa_3:22 (wrongly rendered ?crisping pins? in the King James Version). This is the most adequate Hebrew word for a large bag.
(6) The ?bag? which Judas carried (see Joh_12:6 the King James Version, ?He was a thief and had the bag?; compare Joh_13:29) was in reality the small ?box? (Revised Version, margin) originally used for holding the mouthpieces of wind instruments (Kennedy, in the 1-volume HDB). The Hebrew ארגּז, 'argāz, found only here) of 1Sa_6:8, rendered ?coffer? in English Versions of the Bible and translated γλοσσόκομον, glossókomon, by Josephus, appears to stand for a small ?chest? used to hold the gold figures sent by the Philistines as a guilt offering. It is from a word that means ?to wag,? ?to move to and fro?; compare the similar word in Arabic meaning a bag filled with stones hung at the side of the camel to ?preserve? equilibrium (Gesenius). But the same word Josephus uses is found in modern Greek and means ?purse? or ?bag? (Hatch). Later to ?carry the bag? came to mean to be treasurer.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Fig. 81?Money Purses
Bag, a purse or pouch (Deu_25:13; Job_14:17; 1Sa_17:40; Luk_12:33). The money deposited in the treasuries of Eastern princes, or intended for large payments, or to be sent to a government as taxes or tribute, is collected in long narrow bags or purses, each containing a certain amount of money, and sealed with the official seal. As the money is counted for this purpose, and sealed with great care by officers properly appointed, the bag, or purse, passes current, as long as the seal remains unbroken, for the amount marked thereon. In the receipt and payment of large sums, this is a great and important convenience in countries where the management of large transactions by paper is unknown, or where a currency is chiefly or wholly of silver it saves the great trouble of counting or weighing loose money. This usage is so well established, that, at this day, in the Levant, 'a purse' is the very name for a certain amount of money (now five pounds sterling), and all large payments are stated in 'purses.' The antiquity of this custom is attested by the monuments of Egypt, in which the ambassadors of distant nations are represented as bringing their tributes in sealed bags of money to Thothmes III; and we see the same bags deposited intact in the royal treasury. When coined money was not used, the seal must have been considered a voucher not only for the amount, but for the purity of the metal. The money collected in the Temple, in the time of Joash, seems to have been made up into bags of equal value after this fashion; which were probably delivered, sealed, to those who paid the workmen (2Ki_12:10; comp. also 2Ki_5:23; Tob_9:5; Tob_11:15).
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
Job_14:17 (a) We are to learn from this that GOD is keeping a careful record of every sin, none are overlooked, none are forgotten. Each one is preserved by GOD against the record of the sinner unless all of them are blotted out by the precious Blood of JESUS.
Hag_1:6 (b) This represents a business that failed, stocks and bonds that lose their value, barrenness in the fields caused by crop failure, the loss of sheep and cattle - generally speaking, the failure of those enterprises into which GOD's people put their money instead of giving it to Him. Those who rob GOD of that which is His due, will not profit by that which they save.
Joh_12:6 (a) Judas was the treasurer for the disciples and was stealing from the fund entrusted to his care. It is a lesson to us not to misuse that which belongs to the Lord, and which is in our possession for safekeeping.
Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types
press 1957.
Bag
a purse or pouch. The following words in the original are thus rendered in the English version of the Bible:
1. חָרַיטּ, charit', a pocket (Sept. θύλακος, Vulg. saccus), the bags in which Naaman bound up the two talents of silver for Gehazi (2Ki_5:23), probably so called, according to Gesenius, from their long. cone-like shape. The word only occurs besides in Isa_3:22 (A. V. crisping- pins), and there denotes the reticules carried by the Hebrew ladies.
2. כּיס, kis (Sept. μάρσιππος, μαρσύπιον, Vulg. sacculus, saccellus), a bag for carrying weights (Deu_25:13; Pro_16:11; Mic_6:11); also used as a purse (Pro_1:14; Isa_46:6); hence a cup (Pro_23:31).
3. כְּלי, keli' (Sept. κάδιον, Vulg. pera), translated bag in 1Sa_17:40; 1Sa_17:49, is a word of most general meaning, and is generally rendered vessel or instrument. In Gen_42:25, it is the sack in which Jacob's sons carried the corn which they brought from Egypt, and in 1Sa_9:7; 1Sa_21:5, it denotes a bag or wallet for carrying food (A. V. vessel; compare Jdg_10:5; Jdg_13:10; Jdg_13:15). The shepherd's bag which David had seems to have been worn by him as necessary to his calling, and was probably, from a comparison of Zec_11:15-16 (where A.V. instruments is the same word), for the purpose of carrying the lambs which were unable to walk or were lost, and contained materials for healing such as were sick and binding up those that were broken (comp. Eze_34:4; Eze_34:16). 4. צַרור. tseror' (Sept. ἔνδεσμος, δεσμός, Vulg. sacculus), properly a bundle (Gen_42:35; 1Sa_25:29), appears to have been used by travelers for carrying money during a long journey (Pro_7:20; Hag_1:6; compare Luk_12:33; Tob_9:5). In such bundles the priests bound up the money which was contributed for the restoration of the Temple under Jehoiada (2Ki_12:10; A. V. put up in bags)
5. The bag (γλωσσόκομον, Vulg. loculi) which Judas carried was probably a small box or chest (Joh_12:6; Joh_13:29). The Greek word is the same as that used in the Sept. for chest in 2Ch_24:8; 2Ch_24:10-11, and originally signified a box used by musicians for carrying the mouthpieces of their instruments.
6. The βαλάντιον, or wallet (Luk_10:4; Luk_12:33; Luk_22:35-36). Of these terms it will only be necessary here to discuss one application, which they all sustain, i.e. as a receptacle for money. The money deposited in the treasuries of Eastern princes, or intended for large payments, or to be sent to a government as taxes or tribute, is collected in long, narrow bags or purses, each containing a certain amount of money, and sealed with the official seal. As the money is counted for this purpose, and sealed with great care by officers properly appointed, the bag or purse passes current, as long as the seal remains unbroken, for the amount marked thereon. In the receipt and payment of large sums, this is a great and important convenience in countries where the management of large transactions by paper is unknown, or where a currency is chiefly or wholly of silver; it saves the great trouble of counting or weighing loose money. This usage is so well established that, at this day, in the Levant, a purse is the very name for a certain amount of money (now twenty-five dollars), and all large payments are stated in purses. The antiquity of this custom is attested by the monuments of Egypt, in which the ambassadors of distant nations are represented as bringing their tributes in sealed bags of money to Thothmes III; and we see the same bags deposited intact in the royal treasury (Wilkinson, 1:148, abridgm.). When coined money was not used, the seal must have been considered a voucher not only for the amount, but for the purity of the metal. The money collected in the Temple, in the time of Joash, seems to have been made up into bags of equal value after this fashion, which were probably delivered sealed to those who paid the workmen (2Ki_12:10; comp. also 2Ki_5:23; Tob_9:5; Tob_11:16). SEE MONEY.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
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