Disciple
VIEW:21 DATA:01-04-2020
Disciple. See Apostles.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
The proper signification of this word is a learner; but it signifies in the New Testament, a believer, a Christian, a follower of Jesus Christ. Disciple is often used instead of Apostle in the Gospels; but, subsequently, Apostles were distinguished from disciples. The seventy-two who followed our Saviour from the beginning, are called disciples; as are others who were of the body of believers, and bore no office. In subsequent times, the name disciple, in the sense of learner, was sometimes given to the καταηχουμενοι, auditores, persons who, in the primitive church, were receiving a preparatory instruction in Christianity. They were divided into two classes, those who received private instruction, and those who were admitted to the congregations, and were under immediate preparation for baptism. The church readers were, in some places, appointed to instruct the catechumens; and at Alexandria, where often learned men presented themselves for instruction, the office of catechist was filled by learned laymen, and these catechists laid the foundation of an important theological school.
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.
During the lifetime of Jesus there were many who considered themselves his disciples. That is, they followed him and listened to his words, as pupils might listen to a teacher. Although these people may have thought Jesus to be the Messiah, many of them had a wrong understanding of the sort of person the Messiah would be. They expected him to be a political leader who would free the Jews from Roman domination and bring in the golden age (Joh_6:14-15; Joh_6:60-64). When they found that Jesus was not this kind of leader, they withdrew from him (Joh_6:66-68).
Yet there were many, probably hundreds, who were true believers, true disciples (Luk_6:17; Luk_6:20). From these, Jesus chose twelve whom he appointed apostles (Luk_6:13; see APOSTLE). These twelve were Jesus disciples in a special sense, and became known as the twelve disciples or simply the disciples (Mat_16:13; Mat_20:17; Mat_24:3; Mat_26:17). After the resurrection and ascension of Jesus, all the followers of Jesus became known as disciples (Act_1:15; Act_6:1; Act_9:1), and later as Christians (Act_11:26; 1Pe_4:16; see CHRISTIAN).
The cost of discipleship
Jesus pointed out that those who want to become his disciples (whether in his day or in ours) have to accept his lordship in their lives. He may require them to give up their occupations, friends, possessions or status for his sake. On the other hand, he may not. The fact is that every disciple must be prepared to give up such things, should Jesus so direct. Usually Jesus will require different people to make different sacrifices, depending on who they are and what work he wants them to do. But always there will be some sacrifice. Self-denial is the only way to discipleship of Jesus Christ (Mar_1:16-20; Mar_8:34-38; Mar_10:17-22; Mar_10:28-30; Luk_14:33; Php_2:3-8; see DENIAL).
Just as Jesus carried his cross to the place of his crucifixion, so each of his followers has to take up his or her cross and be prepared to die for Jesus sake (Mat_16:24-26; cf. Joh_19:17-18). Even if the Christians discipleship does not lead to death, it will involve a certain amount of hardship, suffering and persecution (Mat_10:24-25; Mat_24:9; Joh_15:20).
People therefore must consider beforehand what it will cost them to be Jesus disciples. They must be prepared for a lifetime of commitment to him. There is no place for those who make a start and then give up (Luk_14:26-33;). Disciples must be ready to accept physical inconvenience (Luk_9:57-58), to put their responsibilities to Christ before all other responsibilities (Luk_9:59-60) and to be wholehearted in their devotion to Christ (Luk_9:61-62).
Characteristics of the true disciple
A disciple is a learner, and the disciples of Jesus learn from him (Mat_11:29; Eph_4:20). But merely to learn is not enough. They must put their learning into practice and maintain a consistent obedience if they are truly to be Jesus disciples (Joh_8:31). They give visible proof that they are Jesus disciples through practising genuine love towards each other and through bearing spiritual fruit in their lives (Joh_13:13-15; Joh_13:35; Joh_15:8).
This practical love extends beyond the group of fellow disciples to all people everywhere (Mat_5:44-46). Jesus disciples are therefore to take his message to others in order to make more disciples, no matter who the people are or where they live (Mat_28:19-20; see MISSION).
Bridgeway Bible Dictionary by Don Fleming
PRINTER 1990.
di-sı̄?p'l:
(1) Usually a substantive (μαθητής, mathētḗs, ?a learner,? from manthánō, ?to learn?; Latin discipulus, ?a scholar?): The word is found in the Bible only in the Gospels and Acts. But it is good Greek, in use from Herodotus down, and always means the pupil of someone, in contrast to the master or teacher (διδάσκαλος, didáskalos). See Mat_10:24; Luk_6:40. In all cases it implies that the person not only accepts the views of the teacher, but that he is also in practice an adherent. The word has several applications. In the widest sense it refers to those who accept the teachings of anyone, not only in belief but in life. Thus the disciples of John the Baptist (Mat_9:14; Luk_7:18; Joh_3:25); also of the Pharisees (Mat_22:16; Mar_2:18; Luk_5:33); of Moses (Joh_9:28). But its most common use is to designate the adherents of Jesus. (a) In the widest sense (Mat_10:42; Luk_6:17; Joh_6:66, and often). It is the only name for Christ's followers in the Gospels. But (b) especially the Twelve Apostles, even when they are called simply the disciples (Mat_10:1; Mat_11:1; Mat_12:1, et al.). In the Acts, after the death and ascension of Jesus, disciples are those who confess Him as the Messiah, Christians (Act_6:1, Act_6:2, Act_6:7; Act_9:36 (feminine, mathḗtria); Act_11:26, ?The disciples were called Christians?). Even half-instructed be-lievers who had been baptized only with the baptism of John are disciples (Act_19:1-4).
(2) We have also the verb, μαθητεύω, mathēteúō, ?Jesus' disciple? (literally, ?was discipled to Jesus,? Mat_27:57); ?Make disciples of all the nations? (the King James Version ?teach,? Mat_28:19); ?had made many disciples? (the King James Version ?taught many,? Act_14:21); ?every scribe who hath been made a disciple to the kingdom of heaven? (the King James Version ?instructed,? Mat_13:52). The disciple of Christ today may be described in the words of Farrar, as ?one who believes His doctrines, rests upon His sacrifice, imbibes His spirit, and imitates His example.?
The Old Testament has neither the term nor the exact idea, though there is a difference between teacher and scholar among David's singers (1Ch_25:8), and among the prophetic guilds the distinction between the rank and file and the leader (1Sa_19:20; 2Ki_6:5).
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Disciple, a scholar or follower of any teacher, in the general sense. It is hence applied in the Gospels not only to the followers of Christ, but to those of John the Baptist (Mat_9:14, etc.), and of the Pharisees (Mat_22:16). Although used of the followers of Christ generally, it is applied in a special manner to the twelve apostles (Mat_10:1; Mat_11:1; Mat_20:17; Luk_9:1). After the death of Christ the word took the wider sense of a believer, or Christian; i.e. a follower of Jesus Christ.
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
Disciple
(Lat. discipulus, a scholar, from discere, to learn: Mat_10:24), one who professes to have learned Certain principles from another, and maintains them on that other's authority. In the New Testament it is applied principally to the followers of Christ; sometimes to those of John the Baptist, Mat_9:14; and of the Pharisees, Mat_22:16. It is used in a special manner to point out the twelve, Mat_10:1; Mat_11:1; Mat_20:17. A disciple of Christ may now be defined as one who believes his doctrine, rests upon his sacrifice, imbibes his spirit, and imitates his example (Farrar, Bibl. and Theol. Dict. s.v.). "There are three senses in which men are sometimes called disciples of any other person:
(1.) Incorrectly, from their simply maintaining something that he maintains, without any profession or proof of its being derived from him. Thus Augustine was a predestinarian, and so was Mohammed, yet no one supposes that the one derived his belief from the other. It is very common, however, to say of another that he is an Arian, Athanasian, Socinian, etc. which tends to mislead, unless it is admitted, or can be proved, that he learned his opinions from this or that master.
(2.) When certain persons avow that they have adopted the views of another, not, however, on his authority, but from holding them to be agreeable to reason or to Scriplture, as the Platonic, and most other philosophical sects the Lutherans, Zuinglians, etc.
(3.) When, like the disciples of Jesus, and, as it is said, of the Pythagoreans, and the adherents of certain churches, they profess to receive their system on the authority of their master or Church, to acquiesce in an 'ipse-dixit,' or to receive all that the Church receives. These three senses should be carefully kept distinct."
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
The proper signification of this word is a learner; but it signifies in the New Testament, a believer, a Christian, a follower of Jesus Christ. Disciple is often used instead of Apostle in the Gospels; but, subsequently, Apostles were distinguished from disciples. The seventy-two who followed our Saviour from the beginning, are called disciples; as are others who were of the body of believers, and bore no office. In subsequent times, the name disciple, in the sense of learner, was sometimes given to the καταηχουμενοι, auditores, persons who, in the primitive church, were receiving a preparatory instruction in Christianity. They were divided into two classes, those who received private instruction, and those who were admitted to the congregations, and were under immediate preparation for baptism. The church readers were, in some places, appointed to instruct the catechumens; and at Alexandria, where often learned men presented themselves for instruction, the office of catechist was filled by learned laymen, and these catechists laid the foundation of an important theological school.
Biblical and Theological Dictionary by Richard Watson
PRINTER 1849.
During the lifetime of Jesus there were many who considered themselves his disciples. That is, they followed him and listened to his words, as pupils might listen to a teacher. Although these people may have thought Jesus to be the Messiah, many of them had a wrong understanding of the sort of person the Messiah would be. They expected him to be a political leader who would free the Jews from Roman domination and bring in the golden age (Joh_6:14-15; Joh_6:60-64). When they found that Jesus was not this kind of leader, they withdrew from him (Joh_6:66-68).
Yet there were many, probably hundreds, who were true believers, true disciples (Luk_6:17; Luk_6:20). From these, Jesus chose twelve whom he appointed apostles (Luk_6:13; see APOSTLE). These twelve were Jesus disciples in a special sense, and became known as the twelve disciples or simply the disciples (Mat_16:13; Mat_20:17; Mat_24:3; Mat_26:17). After the resurrection and ascension of Jesus, all the followers of Jesus became known as disciples (Act_1:15; Act_6:1; Act_9:1), and later as Christians (Act_11:26; 1Pe_4:16; see CHRISTIAN).
The cost of discipleship
Jesus pointed out that those who want to become his disciples (whether in his day or in ours) have to accept his lordship in their lives. He may require them to give up their occupations, friends, possessions or status for his sake. On the other hand, he may not. The fact is that every disciple must be prepared to give up such things, should Jesus so direct. Usually Jesus will require different people to make different sacrifices, depending on who they are and what work he wants them to do. But always there will be some sacrifice. Self-denial is the only way to discipleship of Jesus Christ (Mar_1:16-20; Mar_8:34-38; Mar_10:17-22; Mar_10:28-30; Luk_14:33; Php_2:3-8; see DENIAL).
Just as Jesus carried his cross to the place of his crucifixion, so each of his followers has to take up his or her cross and be prepared to die for Jesus sake (Mat_16:24-26; cf. Joh_19:17-18). Even if the Christians discipleship does not lead to death, it will involve a certain amount of hardship, suffering and persecution (Mat_10:24-25; Mat_24:9; Joh_15:20).
People therefore must consider beforehand what it will cost them to be Jesus disciples. They must be prepared for a lifetime of commitment to him. There is no place for those who make a start and then give up (Luk_14:26-33;). Disciples must be ready to accept physical inconvenience (Luk_9:57-58), to put their responsibilities to Christ before all other responsibilities (Luk_9:59-60) and to be wholehearted in their devotion to Christ (Luk_9:61-62).
Characteristics of the true disciple
A disciple is a learner, and the disciples of Jesus learn from him (Mat_11:29; Eph_4:20). But merely to learn is not enough. They must put their learning into practice and maintain a consistent obedience if they are truly to be Jesus disciples (Joh_8:31). They give visible proof that they are Jesus disciples through practising genuine love towards each other and through bearing spiritual fruit in their lives (Joh_13:13-15; Joh_13:35; Joh_15:8).
This practical love extends beyond the group of fellow disciples to all people everywhere (Mat_5:44-46). Jesus disciples are therefore to take his message to others in order to make more disciples, no matter who the people are or where they live (Mat_28:19-20; see MISSION).
Bridgeway Bible Dictionary by Don Fleming
PRINTER 1990.
di-sı̄?p'l:
(1) Usually a substantive (μαθητής, mathētḗs, ?a learner,? from manthánō, ?to learn?; Latin discipulus, ?a scholar?): The word is found in the Bible only in the Gospels and Acts. But it is good Greek, in use from Herodotus down, and always means the pupil of someone, in contrast to the master or teacher (διδάσκαλος, didáskalos). See Mat_10:24; Luk_6:40. In all cases it implies that the person not only accepts the views of the teacher, but that he is also in practice an adherent. The word has several applications. In the widest sense it refers to those who accept the teachings of anyone, not only in belief but in life. Thus the disciples of John the Baptist (Mat_9:14; Luk_7:18; Joh_3:25); also of the Pharisees (Mat_22:16; Mar_2:18; Luk_5:33); of Moses (Joh_9:28). But its most common use is to designate the adherents of Jesus. (a) In the widest sense (Mat_10:42; Luk_6:17; Joh_6:66, and often). It is the only name for Christ's followers in the Gospels. But (b) especially the Twelve Apostles, even when they are called simply the disciples (Mat_10:1; Mat_11:1; Mat_12:1, et al.). In the Acts, after the death and ascension of Jesus, disciples are those who confess Him as the Messiah, Christians (Act_6:1, Act_6:2, Act_6:7; Act_9:36 (feminine, mathḗtria); Act_11:26, ?The disciples were called Christians?). Even half-instructed be-lievers who had been baptized only with the baptism of John are disciples (Act_19:1-4).
(2) We have also the verb, μαθητεύω, mathēteúō, ?Jesus' disciple? (literally, ?was discipled to Jesus,? Mat_27:57); ?Make disciples of all the nations? (the King James Version ?teach,? Mat_28:19); ?had made many disciples? (the King James Version ?taught many,? Act_14:21); ?every scribe who hath been made a disciple to the kingdom of heaven? (the King James Version ?instructed,? Mat_13:52). The disciple of Christ today may be described in the words of Farrar, as ?one who believes His doctrines, rests upon His sacrifice, imbibes His spirit, and imitates His example.?
The Old Testament has neither the term nor the exact idea, though there is a difference between teacher and scholar among David's singers (1Ch_25:8), and among the prophetic guilds the distinction between the rank and file and the leader (1Sa_19:20; 2Ki_6:5).
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Disciple, a scholar or follower of any teacher, in the general sense. It is hence applied in the Gospels not only to the followers of Christ, but to those of John the Baptist (Mat_9:14, etc.), and of the Pharisees (Mat_22:16). Although used of the followers of Christ generally, it is applied in a special manner to the twelve apostles (Mat_10:1; Mat_11:1; Mat_20:17; Luk_9:1). After the death of Christ the word took the wider sense of a believer, or Christian; i.e. a follower of Jesus Christ.
The Popular Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature
by John Kitto.
Disciple
(Lat. discipulus, a scholar, from discere, to learn: Mat_10:24), one who professes to have learned Certain principles from another, and maintains them on that other's authority. In the New Testament it is applied principally to the followers of Christ; sometimes to those of John the Baptist, Mat_9:14; and of the Pharisees, Mat_22:16. It is used in a special manner to point out the twelve, Mat_10:1; Mat_11:1; Mat_20:17. A disciple of Christ may now be defined as one who believes his doctrine, rests upon his sacrifice, imbibes his spirit, and imitates his example (Farrar, Bibl. and Theol. Dict. s.v.). "There are three senses in which men are sometimes called disciples of any other person:
(1.) Incorrectly, from their simply maintaining something that he maintains, without any profession or proof of its being derived from him. Thus Augustine was a predestinarian, and so was Mohammed, yet no one supposes that the one derived his belief from the other. It is very common, however, to say of another that he is an Arian, Athanasian, Socinian, etc. which tends to mislead, unless it is admitted, or can be proved, that he learned his opinions from this or that master.
(2.) When certain persons avow that they have adopted the views of another, not, however, on his authority, but from holding them to be agreeable to reason or to Scriplture, as the Platonic, and most other philosophical sects the Lutherans, Zuinglians, etc.
(3.) When, like the disciples of Jesus, and, as it is said, of the Pythagoreans, and the adherents of certain churches, they profess to receive their system on the authority of their master or Church, to acquiesce in an 'ipse-dixit,' or to receive all that the Church receives. These three senses should be carefully kept distinct."
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
BUSCADAVERDADE
Visite o nosso canal youtube.com/buscadaverdade e se INSCREVA agora mesmo! Lá temos uma diversidade de temas interessantes sobre: Saúde, Receitas Saudáveis, Benefícios dos Alimentos, Benefícios das Vitaminas e Sais Minerais... Dê uma olhadinha, você vai gostar! E não se esqueça, dê o seu like e se INSCREVA! Clique abaixo e vá direto ao canal!
Saiba Mais
-
Nutrição
Vegetarianismo e a Vitamina B12 -
Receita
Como preparar a Proteína Vegetal Texturizada -
Arqueologia
Livro de Enoque é um livro profético?
Tags