Authority
VIEW:55 DATA:01-04-2020
AUTHORITY.The capability, liberty, and right to perform what one wills. The word implies also the physical and mental ability for accomplishing the end desired. Authority refers especially to the right one has, by virtue of his office, position, or relationship, to command obedience. The centurion was a man under authority, who knew what it meant to be subject to others higher in authority than himself, and who also himself exercised authority over the soldiers placed under him (Mat_8:8-9). In like manner Herods jurisdiction (Luk_23:7) was his authority over the province which he ruled. Hence the authority of any person accords with the nature of his office or position, so that we speak of the authority of a husband, a parent, an apostle, a judge, or of any civil ruler. The magistrates who are called in Rom_13:1 the higher powers, are strictly the highly exalted and honoured authorities of the State, who are to be obeyed in all that is right, and reverenced as the ministers of God for good. God is Himself the highest authority in heaven and on earth, but He has also given unto His Son authority on earth to forgive sins (Mat_9:6) and to execute judgment (Joh_5:27). After His resurrection Jesus Himself declared: All authority hath been given unto me in heaven and on earth (Mat_28:18; cf. Col_2:10, 1Pe_3:22). In the plural the word is used in Eph_2:2; Eph_3:10; Eph_6:12, Col_1:16; Col_2:15, to denote good and evil angels, who are supposed to hold various degrees and ranks of authority. See Dominion, Power.
M. S. Terry.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
In some English versions of the Bible the two words power and authority are used to translate what is one word in the Greek. In such cases power means the right to exercise power, and this is the aspect of power that is the subject of the present article. Concerning power in the sense of strength or might, see POWER.
God is the one who has absolute authority (Psa_93:1-2; Psa_115:3; Isa_40:20-23; Rom_9:20-24; Rom_13:1; see GOD, sub-headings Eternal and independent, Majestic and sovereign). Jesus Christ, being God, also had absolute authority, though he chose to exercise that authority in complete submission to his Father (Joh_5:19). He had the same authority on earth as he had in heaven, the same authority in time as he had in eternity (Mat_21:23-27; Mat_28:18; Joh_5:27; Joh_10:18).
By his authority Jesus Christ released sick and demonized people from the power of Satan (Mat_8:8-10; Mar_1:27) and instructed people in the truth of God (Mat_7:29). By that same authority he forgave people their sins (Mat_9:6), gave them eternal life (Joh_17:2), made them children of God (Joh_1:12), and gave them the authority and the power to carry on the work of his kingdom (Mat_10:1; Mat_28:18-20; 2Co_13:10; see KINGDOM OF GOD; APOSTLE).
As the words that the Son of God spoke carried with them Gods authority, so did the words that the Spirit of God inspired the authors of the Bible to write. The Scriptures, Old and New Testament alike, are Gods authoritative Word to the human race (2Ti_3:16; 2Pe_1:21; see INSPIRATION).
God wants every community of people be properly ordered for the well-being of all. Therefore, he has given authority to civil administrators to govern society (Jer_27:5; Joh_19:11; Rom_13:1-4; see GOVERNMENT), to parents to govern the family (Eph_6:4; 1Ti_5:14; see PARENTS), and to elders to govern the church (Act_20:28; 1Pe_5:2; see ELDER).
Bridgeway Bible Dictionary by Don Fleming
PRINTER 1990.
Authority
(1.) in matters religious and ecclesiastical, an assumed right of dictation, attributed to certain fathers, councils, or church courts. On this subject Bishop Hoadley writes: Authority is the greatest and most irreconcilable enemy to truth and argumlent that this world ever furnished. All the sophistry all the color of plausibility all the artifice and cunning of the subtlest disputer in the world may be laid open and turned to the advantage of that very truth which they are designed to hide; but against authority there is no defense. He shows that it was authority which crushed the noble sentiments of Socrates and others, and that by authority the Jews and heathens combated the truth of the Gospel; and that, when Christians increased into a majority, and came to think the same method to be the only proper one for the advantage of their cause which had been the enemy and destroyer of it, then it was the authority of Christians, which, by degrees, not only laid waste the honor of Christianity, but well-nigh extinguished it among men. It was authority which would have prevented all reformation where it is, and which has put a barrier against it wherever it is not. The remark of Charles II. is worthy of notice-that those of the established faith make much of the authority of the church in their disputes with dissenters, but that they take it all away when they deal with papists. Buck, Theol. Dict. s.v.
(2.) In a proper sense, by the authority of the church is meant either the power' residing generally in the whole body of the faithful to execute the trust committed by Christ to his church, or the particular power residing in certain official members of that body. The first-named authority is vested in the clergy and laity jointly; the latter in the clergy alone. In the interpretation of Scripture for any particular church, that church's authority does not belong to all divines or distinguished theologians who may be members of the church, but only to the authorized formularies. Single writers of every age are to be taken as expressing only their individual opinions. The agreement of these opinions at any one period, or for any lengthened space of time, may and must be used as proof to ourselves, privately, as to the predominant sentiments of the church at that time, but no opinions can be quoted as deciding authoritatively any disputed question. The universal church deserves deference in all controversies of faith; and every particular church has a right to decree such rights and ceremonies as are not contrary to God's written word; but no church has a right to enforce any thing as necessary for salvation, unless it can be shown so to be by the express declaration of Holy Scripture. See the 20th and 34th Articles of the Church of England, and the 5th and 22d of the Methodist Episcopal Church. SEE RULE OF FAITH; SEE TRADITION.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
M. S. Terry.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
In some English versions of the Bible the two words power and authority are used to translate what is one word in the Greek. In such cases power means the right to exercise power, and this is the aspect of power that is the subject of the present article. Concerning power in the sense of strength or might, see POWER.
God is the one who has absolute authority (Psa_93:1-2; Psa_115:3; Isa_40:20-23; Rom_9:20-24; Rom_13:1; see GOD, sub-headings Eternal and independent, Majestic and sovereign). Jesus Christ, being God, also had absolute authority, though he chose to exercise that authority in complete submission to his Father (Joh_5:19). He had the same authority on earth as he had in heaven, the same authority in time as he had in eternity (Mat_21:23-27; Mat_28:18; Joh_5:27; Joh_10:18).
By his authority Jesus Christ released sick and demonized people from the power of Satan (Mat_8:8-10; Mar_1:27) and instructed people in the truth of God (Mat_7:29). By that same authority he forgave people their sins (Mat_9:6), gave them eternal life (Joh_17:2), made them children of God (Joh_1:12), and gave them the authority and the power to carry on the work of his kingdom (Mat_10:1; Mat_28:18-20; 2Co_13:10; see KINGDOM OF GOD; APOSTLE).
As the words that the Son of God spoke carried with them Gods authority, so did the words that the Spirit of God inspired the authors of the Bible to write. The Scriptures, Old and New Testament alike, are Gods authoritative Word to the human race (2Ti_3:16; 2Pe_1:21; see INSPIRATION).
God wants every community of people be properly ordered for the well-being of all. Therefore, he has given authority to civil administrators to govern society (Jer_27:5; Joh_19:11; Rom_13:1-4; see GOVERNMENT), to parents to govern the family (Eph_6:4; 1Ti_5:14; see PARENTS), and to elders to govern the church (Act_20:28; 1Pe_5:2; see ELDER).
Bridgeway Bible Dictionary by Don Fleming
PRINTER 1990.
Authority
(1.) in matters religious and ecclesiastical, an assumed right of dictation, attributed to certain fathers, councils, or church courts. On this subject Bishop Hoadley writes: Authority is the greatest and most irreconcilable enemy to truth and argumlent that this world ever furnished. All the sophistry all the color of plausibility all the artifice and cunning of the subtlest disputer in the world may be laid open and turned to the advantage of that very truth which they are designed to hide; but against authority there is no defense. He shows that it was authority which crushed the noble sentiments of Socrates and others, and that by authority the Jews and heathens combated the truth of the Gospel; and that, when Christians increased into a majority, and came to think the same method to be the only proper one for the advantage of their cause which had been the enemy and destroyer of it, then it was the authority of Christians, which, by degrees, not only laid waste the honor of Christianity, but well-nigh extinguished it among men. It was authority which would have prevented all reformation where it is, and which has put a barrier against it wherever it is not. The remark of Charles II. is worthy of notice-that those of the established faith make much of the authority of the church in their disputes with dissenters, but that they take it all away when they deal with papists. Buck, Theol. Dict. s.v.
(2.) In a proper sense, by the authority of the church is meant either the power' residing generally in the whole body of the faithful to execute the trust committed by Christ to his church, or the particular power residing in certain official members of that body. The first-named authority is vested in the clergy and laity jointly; the latter in the clergy alone. In the interpretation of Scripture for any particular church, that church's authority does not belong to all divines or distinguished theologians who may be members of the church, but only to the authorized formularies. Single writers of every age are to be taken as expressing only their individual opinions. The agreement of these opinions at any one period, or for any lengthened space of time, may and must be used as proof to ourselves, privately, as to the predominant sentiments of the church at that time, but no opinions can be quoted as deciding authoritatively any disputed question. The universal church deserves deference in all controversies of faith; and every particular church has a right to decree such rights and ceremonies as are not contrary to God's written word; but no church has a right to enforce any thing as necessary for salvation, unless it can be shown so to be by the express declaration of Holy Scripture. See the 20th and 34th Articles of the Church of England, and the 5th and 22d of the Methodist Episcopal Church. SEE RULE OF FAITH; SEE TRADITION.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
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