Azekah
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strength of walls
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
AZEKAH.A city of Judah (Jos_10:10 f., 1Sa_17:1, 2Ch_11:9, Neh_11:30), near the Valley of Elah; inhabited by the Jews after the Captivity. Site unknown.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
From a root, "to until the ground." A town of Judah, with dependent villages, in the shephelah, the low hills of Judah, near Shochoh (1Sa_17:1; Jos_15:35). Fortified by Rehoboam (2Ch_11:9; Neh_11:30). Assailed by the king of Babylon (Jer_34:7). Ganneau fixes it at Ellar, half way between Jerusalem and Beit Jibrin; Conder at Deir el Aashek (the monastery of the lover), S. of Sorek valley, eight miles N. of Shochoh (Shuweikeh). A road leads to it from Elah valley.
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
Aze'kah. (dugover). A town of Judah, with dependent villages, lying in the Shefelah or rich agricultural plain. It is most clearly defined as being near Shochoh, 1Sa_17:1, but its position has not yet been recognized.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
a-zē?ka עזקה, ‛ăzēḳāȟ: A town of some importance in the Shephelah of Judah mentioned (Jos_15:35) next to Socoh. In Jos_10:10 the defeated kings of the Arnorites are described as flying before Joshua ?by the way of the ascent of Beth-horon ... to Azekah, and unto Makkedah? and (verse 11) as the host fled ?Yahweh cast down great stones from heaven upon them unto Azekah, and they died.? In 1Sa_17:1 it is recorded that before David's combat with Goliath, the Philistines ?gathered together at Socoh, which belongeth to Judah, and encamped between Socoh and Azekah, in Ephes-dammin.? In 2Ch_11:9 it is mentioned as one of the frontier cities which Rehoboam fortified and in Jer_34:7 it is one of the two fortified cities remaining to Judah in the Shephelah which Nebuchadnezzar was besieging. ?Azekah and the towns (margin, ?daughters?) thereof? is mentioned among the cities reoccupied by Jews returning after the Exile (Neh_11:30). In all the three last references the place is mentioned along with Lachish.
All the data suit Tell Zaḳarēyeh on the North side of the Vale of Elah (Wâdy es-Sunṭ) and some 3 miles Northwest of Socoh (Kh. Shuweikeh). This site, which was partially excavated by the Palestine Exploration Fund, is one of great natural strength. ?The hill stands almost isolated, rising abruptly for almost 350 ft. above the Vale of Elah;... to the West the fall is also very great, while to the South the tell is joined by a neck of land (about 100 ft. below the summit) to a hill behind.? The summit is about 350 yds. by 150 yds., and is much larger than Tell el-Ḥesy (Lachish) (Bliss). Excavations showed that it was a very ancient site which had been powerfully fortified, and the rock under the city was excavated in a series of very extraordinary underground chambers which could be used as places of refuge. The site suits the narrative of Joshua's battle every well, as there is a long-used high route running North to South from the neighborhood of Ajalon. Its position as a frontier fortress is comparable with that of Lachish: the name Zaḳarēyeh, seems to be a survival of Azekah. See PEFS, 1899, 10ff; PEF, III, 441.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Azekah
(Hebrews Azekah', עֲזֵקָה, dug over; Sept. in Jos_15:35, Ι᾿αζηκά Jer_34:7, ῎Αζηκα; elsewhere Α᾿ζηκά), a town in the plain of Judah (Jos_15:35; 1Sa_17:1). It had suburban villages (Neh_11:30), and was a place of considerable strength (Jer_34:7). The confederated Amoritish kings of Jerusalem, Hebron, Jarmuth, Lachish, and Eglon, were here defeated and slain by Joshua, and their army totally destroyed by an extraordinary shower of hailstones from heaven (Jos_10:10-11). It is named with Adullam, Shaaraim, and other places known to have been in that locality (Jos_15:35; 2Ch_11:9; Neh_11:30), but is most clearly defined as being near Shochoh (that is, the northern one) [SEE SHOCHOHM (1Sa_17:1). Joshua's pursuit of the Canaanites after the battle of Beth-horon extended to Azekah (Jos_10:10-11).
Between Azekah and Shochoh, an easy step out of their own territory, the Philistines encamped before the battle in which Goliath was killed (1Sa_17:1). It was among the cities fortified by Rehoboam (2Ch_11:9), was still standing at the time of the invasion of the kings of Babylon (Jer_34:7), and is mentioned as one of the places reoccupied by the Jews after their return from captivity (Neh_11:30). Eusebius and Jerome state (Onomast. s.v.) that there was in their time a town in this quarter called Ezeca, situated between Jerusalem and Eleutheropolis, which was probably the same as that mentioned by Joshua (see Reland, Palest. p. 603). According to Schwarz (Palest. p. 102), it is represented by the modern village Tell Ezakaria, three miles east of Saphia or Alba Specula; but this appears rather to be from the name Zechariah (Tell Zachariya, Robinson's Researches, 2, 343). The notices would correspond better to the present Zaakuka, marked on Zimmermann's Map a little to the north-east of Beit-Jibrin (Eleutheropolis); but that is in the hill country, beyond the Jerusalem road, which was the boundary of the group in Jos_15:35. See TRIBE. Van de Velde (Memoir, p. 291) seems to have fixed its site as that of a village on a high hill-top called Ahbek, about 1.5 miles N. of Daman, and between 4 and 5 miles E.N.E. of Shuweikeh (Robinson, Researches, 2, 342 note).
Azekah
Dr. Tristram (Bible Places, p. 44) thinks this is " probably the modern Deir el-Ashek," which the Ordnance Map lays down as Deir elA shek, a deserted locality on a slight eminence a mile and a quarter south-west of Wady Surar, and seven miles northwest of Shuweikeh (Socoh), containing the remains of. a church and traces of other ruins; but, aside from the tolerable agreement in name, there is little to commend this identification.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
AZEKAH.A city of Judah (Jos_10:10 f., 1Sa_17:1, 2Ch_11:9, Neh_11:30), near the Valley of Elah; inhabited by the Jews after the Captivity. Site unknown.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
Edited by James Hastings, D.D. Published in 1909
From a root, "to until the ground." A town of Judah, with dependent villages, in the shephelah, the low hills of Judah, near Shochoh (1Sa_17:1; Jos_15:35). Fortified by Rehoboam (2Ch_11:9; Neh_11:30). Assailed by the king of Babylon (Jer_34:7). Ganneau fixes it at Ellar, half way between Jerusalem and Beit Jibrin; Conder at Deir el Aashek (the monastery of the lover), S. of Sorek valley, eight miles N. of Shochoh (Shuweikeh). A road leads to it from Elah valley.
Fausset's Bible Dictionary
By Andrew Robert Fausset, co-Author of Jamieson, Fausset and Brown's 1888.
Aze'kah. (dugover). A town of Judah, with dependent villages, lying in the Shefelah or rich agricultural plain. It is most clearly defined as being near Shochoh, 1Sa_17:1, but its position has not yet been recognized.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
By Dr. William Smith.Published in 1863
a-zē?ka עזקה, ‛ăzēḳāȟ: A town of some importance in the Shephelah of Judah mentioned (Jos_15:35) next to Socoh. In Jos_10:10 the defeated kings of the Arnorites are described as flying before Joshua ?by the way of the ascent of Beth-horon ... to Azekah, and unto Makkedah? and (verse 11) as the host fled ?Yahweh cast down great stones from heaven upon them unto Azekah, and they died.? In 1Sa_17:1 it is recorded that before David's combat with Goliath, the Philistines ?gathered together at Socoh, which belongeth to Judah, and encamped between Socoh and Azekah, in Ephes-dammin.? In 2Ch_11:9 it is mentioned as one of the frontier cities which Rehoboam fortified and in Jer_34:7 it is one of the two fortified cities remaining to Judah in the Shephelah which Nebuchadnezzar was besieging. ?Azekah and the towns (margin, ?daughters?) thereof? is mentioned among the cities reoccupied by Jews returning after the Exile (Neh_11:30). In all the three last references the place is mentioned along with Lachish.
All the data suit Tell Zaḳarēyeh on the North side of the Vale of Elah (Wâdy es-Sunṭ) and some 3 miles Northwest of Socoh (Kh. Shuweikeh). This site, which was partially excavated by the Palestine Exploration Fund, is one of great natural strength. ?The hill stands almost isolated, rising abruptly for almost 350 ft. above the Vale of Elah;... to the West the fall is also very great, while to the South the tell is joined by a neck of land (about 100 ft. below the summit) to a hill behind.? The summit is about 350 yds. by 150 yds., and is much larger than Tell el-Ḥesy (Lachish) (Bliss). Excavations showed that it was a very ancient site which had been powerfully fortified, and the rock under the city was excavated in a series of very extraordinary underground chambers which could be used as places of refuge. The site suits the narrative of Joshua's battle every well, as there is a long-used high route running North to South from the neighborhood of Ajalon. Its position as a frontier fortress is comparable with that of Lachish: the name Zaḳarēyeh, seems to be a survival of Azekah. See PEFS, 1899, 10ff; PEF, III, 441.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
PRINTER 1915.
Azekah
(Hebrews Azekah', עֲזֵקָה, dug over; Sept. in Jos_15:35, Ι᾿αζηκά Jer_34:7, ῎Αζηκα; elsewhere Α᾿ζηκά), a town in the plain of Judah (Jos_15:35; 1Sa_17:1). It had suburban villages (Neh_11:30), and was a place of considerable strength (Jer_34:7). The confederated Amoritish kings of Jerusalem, Hebron, Jarmuth, Lachish, and Eglon, were here defeated and slain by Joshua, and their army totally destroyed by an extraordinary shower of hailstones from heaven (Jos_10:10-11). It is named with Adullam, Shaaraim, and other places known to have been in that locality (Jos_15:35; 2Ch_11:9; Neh_11:30), but is most clearly defined as being near Shochoh (that is, the northern one) [SEE SHOCHOHM (1Sa_17:1). Joshua's pursuit of the Canaanites after the battle of Beth-horon extended to Azekah (Jos_10:10-11).
Between Azekah and Shochoh, an easy step out of their own territory, the Philistines encamped before the battle in which Goliath was killed (1Sa_17:1). It was among the cities fortified by Rehoboam (2Ch_11:9), was still standing at the time of the invasion of the kings of Babylon (Jer_34:7), and is mentioned as one of the places reoccupied by the Jews after their return from captivity (Neh_11:30). Eusebius and Jerome state (Onomast. s.v.) that there was in their time a town in this quarter called Ezeca, situated between Jerusalem and Eleutheropolis, which was probably the same as that mentioned by Joshua (see Reland, Palest. p. 603). According to Schwarz (Palest. p. 102), it is represented by the modern village Tell Ezakaria, three miles east of Saphia or Alba Specula; but this appears rather to be from the name Zechariah (Tell Zachariya, Robinson's Researches, 2, 343). The notices would correspond better to the present Zaakuka, marked on Zimmermann's Map a little to the north-east of Beit-Jibrin (Eleutheropolis); but that is in the hill country, beyond the Jerusalem road, which was the boundary of the group in Jos_15:35. See TRIBE. Van de Velde (Memoir, p. 291) seems to have fixed its site as that of a village on a high hill-top called Ahbek, about 1.5 miles N. of Daman, and between 4 and 5 miles E.N.E. of Shuweikeh (Robinson, Researches, 2, 342 note).
Azekah
Dr. Tristram (Bible Places, p. 44) thinks this is " probably the modern Deir el-Ashek," which the Ordnance Map lays down as Deir elA shek, a deserted locality on a slight eminence a mile and a quarter south-west of Wady Surar, and seven miles northwest of Shuweikeh (Socoh), containing the remains of. a church and traces of other ruins; but, aside from the tolerable agreement in name, there is little to commend this identification.
CYCLOPEDIA OF BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL
press 1895.
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